{ "snapshot_id": "approved-static-bb6d69cd3c074ae2", "schema_version": "immigrationdb-city-resource-v2", "generated_at": "2026-08-04", "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/lille/", "mcp_uri": "immigrationdb://city/fr/lille", "editorial_copy": { "status": "reviewed", "reviewed_at": "2026-07-29", "copy_depth": "city_standard", "blocks": { "intro": "Lille is a city in France. For Lille, gigabit broadband availability was 98.5% in March 2026. In June 2026, Lille had a population of 234,594. The city covered 60 km² in 2026. Population density was 6,853.1 people per km² in 2022. Annual PM2.5 was 10.6 µg/m³ in 2024. Annual PM10 was 16 µg/m³ in 2024. The unemployment rate was 16% at the end of 2022. Annual NO₂ was 21.5 µg/m³ in 2024.", "immigration_lead": "The foreign population count was 28,274 in 2021." }, "used_claim_count": 9, "uses_supplemental_cd": false }, "city": { "entity_id": "city:fr:insee5:59350", "name": "Lille", "country_code": "FR", "public_slug": "lille", "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/lille/", "mcp_uri": "immigrationdb://city/fr/lille", "page_state": "published", "useful_blocks": [ "climate_air", "work_income", "cost_living" ], "useful_fact_count": 22, "city_tags": [], "profile_scores": { "remote": { "point": 69, "low": 56, "high": 82, "factors": { "legal_path": 88, "cost_pressure": 81, "housing": 81, "work": 70, "family": 37, "education": 45, "healthcare": 45, "safety": 45, "air": 48, "bureaucracy": 45 }, "housing_budget": { "status": "unavailable", "currency": null, "fx_date": null, "normalized_monthly_eur": null, "source_id": null, "basis": null } }, "skilled_employee": { "point": 65, "low": 52, "high": 78, "factors": { "legal_path": 88, "cost_pressure": 81, "housing": 81, "work": 70, "family": 37, "education": 45, "healthcare": 45, "safety": 45, "air": 48, "bureaucracy": 45 }, "housing_budget": { "status": "unavailable", "currency": null, "fx_date": null, "normalized_monthly_eur": null, "source_id": null, "basis": null } }, "family": { "point": 53, "low": 40, "high": 66, "factors": { "legal_path": 88, "cost_pressure": 81, "housing": 81, "work": 70, "family": 37, "education": 45, "healthcare": 45, "safety": 45, "air": 48, "bureaucracy": 45 }, "housing_budget": { "status": "unavailable", "currency": null, "fx_date": null, "normalized_monthly_eur": null, "source_id": null, "basis": null } }, "student": { "point": 64, "low": 51, "high": 77, "factors": { "legal_path": 88, "cost_pressure": 81, "housing": 81, "work": 70, "family": 37, "education": 45, "healthcare": 45, "safety": 45, "air": 48, "bureaucracy": 45 }, "housing_budget": { "status": "unavailable", "currency": null, "fx_date": null, "normalized_monthly_eur": null, "source_id": null, "basis": null } }, "retirement": { "point": 59, "low": 46, "high": 72, "factors": { "legal_path": 88, "cost_pressure": 81, "housing": 81, "work": 70, "family": 37, "education": 45, "healthcare": 45, "safety": 45, "air": 48, "bureaucracy": 45 }, "housing_budget": { "status": "unavailable", "currency": null, "fx_date": null, "normalized_monthly_eur": null, "source_id": null, "basis": null } } }, "facts_by_block": { "identity": [ { "metric_id": "city_area_km2", "block_id": "identity", "value": 60, "unit": "km2", "geographic_scope": "place", "observed_at": "2026-06-30", "verified_at": "2026-06-30", "comparison_eligible": true, "source_id": "fr_lille_stats", "source_url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/2012713", "source_title": "Lille stats source", "source_authority": "Lille stats source", "source_type": "official", "source_badge": "Official source", "source_quality": "verified" }, { "metric_id": "foreign_population_total", "block_id": "identity", "value": 28274, "unit": "people", "geographic_scope": "city", "observed_at": "2021", "verified_at": "2026-07-15", "comparison_eligible": true, "source_id": "insee_rp2021_nat1_foreign_population_total", "source_url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8202752/TD_NAT1_2021_csv.zip", "source_title": "Nationalité en 2021 — Base des tableaux détaillés — NAT1", "source_authority": "INSEE", "source_type": "official", "source_badge": "Official source", "source_quality": "verified" }, { "metric_id": "population_density_per_km2", "block_id": "identity", "value": 6853.143842, "unit": "people/km2", "geographic_scope": "place", "observed_at": "2022-01-01", "verified_at": "2026-07-14", "comparison_eligible": true, "source_id": "fr_insee_comparator_2026", "source_url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/2521169/base_cc_comparateur_csv.zip", "source_title": "A-ccepted source for city area and derived population density", "source_authority": "fr_insee_comparator_2026", "source_type": "official", "source_badge": "Official source", "source_quality": "verified" }, { "metric_id": "population_total", "block_id": "identity", "value": 238246, "unit": "persons", "geographic_scope": "municipality", "observed_at": "2025-01-01", "verified_at": "2026-07-14", "comparison_eligible": true, "source_id": "denom_fr_d3ad8424d312", "source_url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip", "source_title": "France official denominator source", "source_authority": "France", "source_type": "official", "source_badge": "Official source", "source_quality": "verified" } ], "cost_living": [ { "metric_id": "col_fitness_club_eur_month", "block_id": "cost_living", "value": 33.0065432959309, "unit": "EUR/month", "geographic_scope": "city", "observed_at": "2022-12-31", "verified_at": "2026-07-27", "comparison_eligible": false, "source_id": "source-984e57b0a7d7", "source_url": "https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/mvieira101/global-cost-of-living", "source_title": "Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot 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"supplemental" }, { "metric_id": "col_mobile_plan_10gb_eur_month", "block_id": "cost_living", "value": 13.62, "unit": "EUR/month", "geographic_scope": "city", "observed_at": "2026-07-31", "verified_at": "2026-07-27", "comparison_eligible": false, "source_id": "source-2d614d729608", "source_url": "https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/in/Lille", "source_title": "Cost of Living in Lille. Jun 2026. Prices in Lille", "source_authority": "Numbeo", "source_type": "commercial", "source_badge": "Commercial source", "source_quality": "supplemental" }, { "metric_id": "col_transport_monthly_pass_eur", "block_id": "cost_living", "value": 59.7045398331545, "unit": "EUR/month", "geographic_scope": "city", "observed_at": "2022-12-31", "verified_at": "2026-07-27", "comparison_eligible": false, "source_id": "source-984e57b0a7d7", "source_url": "https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/mvieira101/global-cost-of-living", "source_title": "Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v2", "source_authority": "Kaggle dataset by Miguel Piedade; values scraped from Numbeo", "source_type": "independent", "source_badge": "Independent source", "source_quality": "supplemental" }, { "metric_id": "col_utilities_basic_85m2_eur_month", "block_id": "cost_living", "value": 145.011580059805, "unit": "EUR/month", "geographic_scope": "city", "observed_at": "2022-12-31", "verified_at": "2026-07-27", "comparison_eligible": false, "source_id": "source-984e57b0a7d7", "source_url": "https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/mvieira101/global-cost-of-living", "source_title": "Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v2", "source_authority": "Kaggle dataset by Miguel Piedade; values scraped from Numbeo", "source_type": "independent", "source_badge": "Independent source", "source_quality": "supplemental" } ], "work_income": [ { "metric_id": "broadband_gigabit_availability_percent", "block_id": "work_income", "value": 98.5, "unit": "percent", "geographic_scope": "city", "observed_at": "2026-03-31", "verified_at": "2026-07-15", "comparison_eligible": true, "source_id": "arcep_ma_connexion_internet_commune_debit_2026_t1", "source_url": "https://data.arcep.fr/fixe/maconnexioninternet/statistiques/2026_T1/commune/commune_debit.csv", "source_title": "Independent ARCEP municipal count of premises eligible for the >=1 Gbit/s fixed advertised-speed class, divided by the ARCEP type=all municipal premises denominator. 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