{
  "snapshot_id": "approved-static-bb6d69cd3c074ae2",
  "schema_version": "immigrationdb-city-resource-v2",
  "generated_at": "2026-08-04",
  "canonical_path": "/cities/pl/torun/",
  "mcp_uri": "immigrationdb://city/pl/torun",
  "editorial_copy": {
    "status": "reviewed",
    "reviewed_at": "2026-07-29",
    "copy_depth": "city_standard",
    "blocks": {
      "intro": "Toruń is a city in Poland. The unemployment rate was 3.1% at the end of 2025. Toruń had a population of 193,717 at the end of 2024. For Toruń, annual PM2.5 was 14 µg/m³ at the end of 2024.",
      "population_lead": "The city covered 116 km² in 2024. Population density was 1,670 people per km² in 2024.",
      "climate_lead": "Monthly mean temperatures were −1.1°C in January and 19.3°C in July. Monthly precipitation was 32.7 mm in January and 90.6 mm in July."
    },
    "used_claim_count": 8,
    "uses_supplemental_cd": false
  },
  "city": {
    "entity_id": "city:pl:slug:torun",
    "name": "Toruń",
    "country_code": "PL",
    "public_slug": "torun",
    "canonical_path": "/cities/pl/torun/",
    "mcp_uri": "immigrationdb://city/pl/torun",
    "page_state": "published",
    "useful_blocks": [
      "cost_living",
      "climate_air",
      "work_income"
    ],
    "useful_fact_count": 19,
    "city_tags": [
      "standard_municipality"
    ],
    "profile_scores": {
      "remote": {
        "point": 52,
        "low": 38,
        "high": 66,
        "factors": {
          "legal_path": 88,
          "cost_pressure": 40,
          "housing": 45,
          "work": 60,
          "family": 80,
          "education": 45,
          "healthcare": 45,
          "safety": 45,
          "air": 38,
          "bureaucracy": 45
        },
        "housing_budget": {
          "status": "unavailable",
          "currency": null,
          "fx_date": null,
          "normalized_monthly_eur": null,
          "source_id": null,
          "basis": null
        }
      },
      "skilled_employee": {
        "point": 51,
        "low": 37,
        "high": 65,
        "factors": {
          "legal_path": 54,
          "cost_pressure": 40,
          "housing": 45,
          "work": 60,
          "family": 80,
          "education": 45,
          "healthcare": 45,
          "safety": 45,
          "air": 38,
          "bureaucracy": 45
        },
        "housing_budget": {
          "status": "unavailable",
          "currency": null,
          "fx_date": null,
          "normalized_monthly_eur": null,
          "source_id": null,
          "basis": null
        }
      },
      "family": {
        "point": 55,
        "low": 41,
        "high": 69,
        "factors": {
          "legal_path": 54,
          "cost_pressure": 40,
          "housing": 45,
          "work": 60,
          "family": 80,
          "education": 45,
          "healthcare": 45,
          "safety": 45,
          "air": 38,
          "bureaucracy": 45
        },
        "housing_budget": {
          "status": "unavailable",
          "currency": null,
          "fx_date": null,
          "normalized_monthly_eur": null,
          "source_id": null,
          "basis": null
        }
      },
      "student": {
        "point": 46,
        "low": 32,
        "high": 60,
        "factors": {
          "legal_path": 54,
          "cost_pressure": 40,
          "housing": 45,
          "work": 60,
          "family": 80,
          "education": 45,
          "healthcare": 45,
          "safety": 45,
          "air": 38,
          "bureaucracy": 45
        },
        "housing_budget": {
          "status": "unavailable",
          "currency": null,
          "fx_date": null,
          "normalized_monthly_eur": null,
          "source_id": null,
          "basis": null
        }
      },
      "retirement": {
        "point": 44,
        "low": 30,
        "high": 58,
        "factors": {
          "legal_path": 54,
          "cost_pressure": 40,
          "housing": 45,
          "work": 60,
          "family": 80,
          "education": 45,
          "healthcare": 45,
          "safety": 45,
          "air": 38,
          "bureaucracy": 45
        },
        "housing_budget": {
          "status": "unavailable",
          "currency": null,
          "fx_date": null,
          "normalized_monthly_eur": null,
          "source_id": null,
          "basis": null
        }
      }
    },
    "facts_by_block": {
      "identity": [
        {
          "metric_id": "city_area_km2",
          "block_id": "identity",
          "value": 116,
          "unit": "km2",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2024-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-15",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "gus_bdl_2018_area_2024:070ca1f43edc",
          "source_url": "https://bdl.stat.gov.pl/api/v1/data/by-unit/{teryt_gmina}?var-id=2018&year=2024",
          "source_title": "GUS BDL / GUGiK area variable 2018",
          "source_authority": "GUS BDL / GUGiK",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "foreign_population_total",
          "block_id": "identity",
          "value": 615,
          "unit": "people",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2021-03-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-15",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "gus_bdl_1653367_nsp2021_foreign:a47c9e8a8c03",
          "source_url": "https://bdl.stat.gov.pl/api/v1/data/by-unit/{teryt_gmina}?var-id=1653367&year=2021",
          "source_title": "GUS BDL / NSP 2021 non-Polish citizenship variable 1653367",
          "source_authority": "GUS BDL / Statistics Poland, NSP 2021",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "population_density_per_km2",
          "block_id": "identity",
          "value": 1670,
          "unit": "people/km2",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2024-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-15",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "gus_bdl_density_2024_from_population_and_area:b828eba78522",
          "source_url": "https://bdl.stat.gov.pl/api/v1/data/by-unit/040410663011?var-id=2018&var-id=72305&year=2024",
          "source_title": "Reproducible gmina density for Toruń: population_total_2024 / official area_2024, rounded to the metric contract precision 0.",
          "source_authority": "GUS BDL / GUGiK",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "population_total",
          "block_id": "identity",
          "value": 193717,
          "unit": "people",
          "geographic_scope": "gmina",
          "observed_at": "2024-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-14",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-1eaeba4873f4",
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          "source_title": "source-1eaeba4873f4",
          "source_authority": "bdl.stat.gov.pl",
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        }
      ],
      "cost_living": [
        {
          "metric_id": "col_fitness_club_eur_month",
          "block_id": "cost_living",
          "value": 41.73,
          "unit": "EUR/month",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2025-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-08-01",
          "comparison_eligible": false,
          "source_id": "633:source:d0deb2fb31f33bd9c6ad478e76989671",
          "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250111043549/https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/in/Torun",
          "source_title": "Numbeo — Cost of Living in Torun (Wayback capture 20250111043549)",
          "source_authority": "Numbeo",
          "source_type": "independent",
          "source_badge": "Independent source",
          "source_quality": "supplemental"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "col_internet_60mbps_eur_month",
          "block_id": "cost_living",
          "value": 13.56,
          "unit": "EUR/month",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2025-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-08-01",
          "comparison_eligible": false,
          "source_id": "633:source:d0deb2fb31f33bd9c6ad478e76989671",
          "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250111043549/https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/in/Torun",
          "source_title": "Numbeo — Cost of Living in Torun (Wayback capture 20250111043549)",
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          "source_badge": "Independent source",
          "source_quality": "supplemental"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "col_kindergarten_private_eur_month",
          "block_id": "cost_living",
          "value": 191.26,
          "unit": "EUR/month",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2025-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-08-01",
          "comparison_eligible": false,
          "source_id": "633:source:d0deb2fb31f33bd9c6ad478e76989671",
          "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250111043549/https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/in/Torun",
          "source_title": "Numbeo — Cost of Living in Torun (Wayback capture 20250111043549)",
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          "source_badge": "Independent source",
          "source_quality": "supplemental"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "col_mobile_plan_10gb_eur_month",
          "block_id": "cost_living",
          "value": 10.05,
          "unit": "EUR/month",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2025-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-08-01",
          "comparison_eligible": false,
          "source_id": "633:source:d0deb2fb31f33bd9c6ad478e76989671",
          "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250111043549/https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/in/Torun",
          "source_title": "Numbeo — Cost of Living in Torun (Wayback capture 20250111043549)",
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        },
        {
          "metric_id": "col_transport_monthly_pass_eur",
          "block_id": "cost_living",
          "value": 20.63,
          "unit": "EUR/month",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2025-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-08-01",
          "comparison_eligible": false,
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          "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250111043549/https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/in/Torun",
          "source_title": "Numbeo — Cost of Living in Torun (Wayback capture 20250111043549)",
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          "source_quality": "supplemental"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "col_utilities_basic_85m2_eur_month",
          "block_id": "cost_living",
          "value": 152.04,
          "unit": "EUR/month",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2025-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-08-01",
          "comparison_eligible": false,
          "source_id": "633:source:d0deb2fb31f33bd9c6ad478e76989671",
          "source_url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20250111043549/https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/in/Torun",
          "source_title": "Numbeo — Cost of Living in Torun (Wayback capture 20250111043549)",
          "source_authority": "Numbeo",
          "source_type": "independent",
          "source_badge": "Independent source",
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        }
      ],
      "work_income": [
        {
          "metric_id": "unemployment_total_percent",
          "block_id": "work_income",
          "value": 3.1,
          "unit": "percent",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2025-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-27",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-594ee2eabbb8",
          "source_url": "https://bdl.stat.gov.pl/api/v1/data/by-variable/79214?lang=en&unit-level=6&year=2025",
          "source_title": "Local Data Bank — Share of registered unemployed persons in the working-age population by sex, total, 2025",
          "source_authority": "Statistics Poland (GUS) / Local Data Bank",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        }
      ],
      "climate_air": [
        {
          "metric_id": "air_quality_no2_annual_ug_m3",
          "block_id": "climate_air",
          "value": 15,
          "unit": "µg/m³",
          "geographic_scope": "nearest_station",
          "observed_at": "2024-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-08-01",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "633:source:d6c2e25cccfeeed8bcec2affeb23113f",
          "source_url": "https://air.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/rest/services/AirQuality/AQ_Statistics_WM/MapServer/0/query?where=Country_ISO%3D'PL'%20AND%20AirPollutant%3D'NO2'%20AND%20YearOfStatistics%3D2024&outFields=AirPollutant,AirPollutionLevel,Country_ISO,StationName,YearOfStatistics,UnitOfAirpollutionLevel,ReportingMetric,LatitudeOfMeasurementStation,LongitudeOfMeasurementStation,DataCoverage,Preliminary&returnGeometry=false&f=json",
          "source_title": "EEA air quality statistics — PL NO2 annual mean 2024 (station Toruń, ul. Przy Kaszowniku)",
          "source_authority": "European Environment Agency (EEA)",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "air_quality_pm10_annual_ug_m3",
          "block_id": "climate_air",
          "value": 22,
          "unit": "µg/m³",
          "geographic_scope": "nearest_station",
          "observed_at": "2024-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-08-01",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "633:source:131f1bec27d4ef55fcecfd3a76288159",
          "source_url": "https://air.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/rest/services/AirQuality/AQ_Statistics_WM/MapServer/0/query?where=Country_ISO%3D'PL'%20AND%20AirPollutant%3D'PM10'%20AND%20YearOfStatistics%3D2024&outFields=AirPollutant,AirPollutionLevel,Country_ISO,StationName,YearOfStatistics,UnitOfAirpollutionLevel,ReportingMetric,LatitudeOfMeasurementStation,LongitudeOfMeasurementStation,DataCoverage,Preliminary&returnGeometry=false&f=json",
          "source_title": "EEA air quality statistics — PL PM10 annual mean 2024 (station Toruń, ul. Wały gen. Sikorskiego)",
          "source_authority": "European Environment Agency (EEA)",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
          "block_id": "climate_air",
          "value": 14,
          "unit": "µg/m³",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2024-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-29",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-0651699c1099",
          "source_url": "https://air.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/rest/services/AirQuality/AQ_Statistics_WM/MapServer/0/query?where=AirPollutant%3D%27PM2.5%27+AND+Country_ISO%3D%27PL%27+AND+YearOfStatistics%3D2024&outFields=AirPollutant%2CAirPollutionLevel%2CCountry_ISO%2CStationName%2CAreaOfMeasurementStation%2CYearOfStatistics%2CUnitOfAirpollutionLevel%2CTypeOfMeasurementStation%2CDataCoverage%2CReportingMetric%2CLatitudeOfMeasurementStation%2CLongitudeOfMeasurementStation&returnGeometry=false&resultRecordCount=1000&resultOffset=0&f=json",
          "source_title": "EEA Air Quality Annual Statistics — Poland 2024 PM2.5 city station means",
          "source_authority": "European Environment Agency",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "climate_monthly_high_c",
          "block_id": "climate_air",
          "value": [
            1.4,
            3.2,
            7.6,
            14.6,
            19.8,
            23,
            25.1,
            24.9,
            19.3,
            13.1,
            6.6,
            2.7
          ],
          "unit": "°C",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2020-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-27",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-1ec7afe7c60a",
          "source_url": "https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMAX_AVE",
          "source_title": "IMGW-PIB climate normal — mean monthly maximum air temperature, TORUŃ, 1991-2020",
          "source_authority": "Institute of Meteorology and Water Management — National Research Institute (IMGW-PIB)",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "climate_monthly_low_c",
          "block_id": "climate_air",
          "value": [
            -3.8,
            -3.1,
            -0.9,
            3.1,
            7.8,
            11.3,
            13.6,
            13.2,
            9.1,
            5,
            1.5,
            -2.1
          ],
          "unit": "°C",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2020-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-27",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-87b52bbee9ac",
          "source_url": "https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TMIN_AVE",
          "source_title": "IMGW-PIB climate normal — mean monthly minimum air temperature, TORUŃ, 1991-2020",
          "source_authority": "Institute of Meteorology and Water Management — National Research Institute (IMGW-PIB)",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "climate_monthly_mean_c",
          "block_id": "climate_air",
          "value": [
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            -0.1,
            3.2,
            8.8,
            13.8,
            17.1,
            19.3,
            18.9,
            13.9,
            8.7,
            4,
            0.4
          ],
          "unit": "°C",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2020-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-27",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-c8f7acb8a53a",
          "source_url": "https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/TSR_AVE",
          "source_title": "IMGW-PIB climate normal — mean monthly air temperature, TORUŃ, 1991-2020",
          "source_authority": "Institute of Meteorology and Water Management — National Research Institute (IMGW-PIB)",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "climate_monthly_precip_mm",
          "block_id": "climate_air",
          "value": [
            32.7,
            27.3,
            32.2,
            29.6,
            51.2,
            55.7,
            90.6,
            63.9,
            55.8,
            37.9,
            33.5,
            38.5
          ],
          "unit": "mm",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2020-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-27",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-8cb4594a5084",
          "source_url": "https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/OPAD_SUMA",
          "source_title": "IMGW-PIB climate normal — monthly total precipitation, TORUŃ, 1991-2020",
          "source_authority": "Institute of Meteorology and Water Management — National Research Institute (IMGW-PIB)",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "climate_monthly_sunshine_h",
          "block_id": "climate_air",
          "value": [
            44.7,
            68.2,
            124,
            196.1,
            244,
            237.4,
            239.2,
            233.5,
            157.3,
            106.7,
            44.2,
            34.9
          ],
          "unit": "hours",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2020-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-27",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-3928e10a7147",
          "source_url": "https://klimat.imgw.pl/pl/climate-normals/USL",
          "source_title": "IMGW-PIB climate normal — mean monthly sunshine duration, TORUŃ, 1991-2020",
          "source_authority": "Institute of Meteorology and Water Management — National Research Institute (IMGW-PIB)",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}