{
  "snapshot_id": "approved-static-bb6d69cd3c074ae2",
  "schema_version": "immigrationdb-city-resource-v2",
  "generated_at": "2026-08-04",
  "canonical_path": "/cities/sk/zilina/",
  "mcp_uri": "immigrationdb://city/sk/zilina",
  "editorial_copy": {
    "status": "reviewed",
    "reviewed_at": "2026-07-29",
    "copy_depth": "capital_or_hub_full",
    "blocks": {
      "intro": "Žilina is a city in Slovakia. Car density was 329.9 vehicles per 1,000 residents in 2021. Žilina had a population of 79,873 at the start of 2026. The available figures cover housing, employment and car density from 2008–2021, alongside population and migration counts from 2026.",
      "climate_lead": "Annual precipitation was 672 mm in 2008. Annual NO₂ was 26.5 µg/m³ in 2012. Annual PM10 was 34.9 µg/m³ in 2012.",
      "housing_lead": "The purchase price was €1,938 per m² in 2021. Living space averaged 22.6 m² per person in 2011. The housing-vacancy rate was 5.84% in 2011.",
      "work_lead": "The unemployment rate was 11.5% in 2009. The primary employment category was “Employment (jobs) in trade, transport, hotels, restaurants (NACE Rev. 2, G to I)” in 2020. The work measure is older than the population and migration counts, so the periods are shown separately.",
      "people_lead": "The median age was 44.8 years in 2026. Students accounted for 9.82% of the population in 2020.",
      "immigration_lead": "The foreign population count was 1,174, equal to 1.47% of residents at the start of 2026."
    },
    "used_claim_count": 15,
    "uses_supplemental_cd": false
  },
  "city": {
    "entity_id": "city:sk:municipality:517402",
    "name": "Žilina",
    "country_code": "SK",
    "public_slug": "zilina",
    "canonical_path": "/cities/sk/zilina/",
    "mcp_uri": "immigrationdb://city/sk/zilina",
    "page_state": "published",
    "useful_blocks": [
      "climate_air",
      "housing",
      "other",
      "work_income",
      "cost_living"
    ],
    "useful_fact_count": 26,
    "city_tags": [
      "hub"
    ],
    "profile_scores": {
      "remote": {
        "point": 47,
        "low": 34,
        "high": 60,
        "factors": {
          "legal_path": 88,
          "cost_pressure": 45,
          "housing": 45,
          "work": 45,
          "family": 66,
          "education": 66,
          "healthcare": 45,
          "safety": 45,
          "air": 28,
          "bureaucracy": 45
        },
        "housing_budget": {
          "status": "unavailable",
          "currency": null,
          "fx_date": null,
          "normalized_monthly_eur": null,
          "source_id": null,
          "basis": null
        }
      },
      "skilled_employee": {
        "point": 50,
        "low": 37,
        "high": 63,
        "factors": {
          "legal_path": 54,
          "cost_pressure": 45,
          "housing": 45,
          "work": 45,
          "family": 66,
          "education": 66,
          "healthcare": 45,
          "safety": 45,
          "air": 28,
          "bureaucracy": 45
        },
        "housing_budget": {
          "status": "unavailable",
          "currency": null,
          "fx_date": null,
          "normalized_monthly_eur": null,
          "source_id": null,
          "basis": null
        }
      },
      "family": {
        "point": 54,
        "low": 41,
        "high": 67,
        "factors": {
          "legal_path": 54,
          "cost_pressure": 45,
          "housing": 45,
          "work": 45,
          "family": 66,
          "education": 66,
          "healthcare": 45,
          "safety": 45,
          "air": 28,
          "bureaucracy": 45
        },
        "housing_budget": {
          "status": "unavailable",
          "currency": null,
          "fx_date": null,
          "normalized_monthly_eur": null,
          "source_id": null,
          "basis": null
        }
      },
      "student": {
        "point": 52,
        "low": 39,
        "high": 65,
        "factors": {
          "legal_path": 54,
          "cost_pressure": 45,
          "housing": 45,
          "work": 45,
          "family": 66,
          "education": 66,
          "healthcare": 45,
          "safety": 45,
          "air": 28,
          "bureaucracy": 45
        },
        "housing_budget": {
          "status": "unavailable",
          "currency": null,
          "fx_date": null,
          "normalized_monthly_eur": null,
          "source_id": null,
          "basis": null
        }
      },
      "retirement": {
        "point": 47,
        "low": 34,
        "high": 60,
        "factors": {
          "legal_path": 88,
          "cost_pressure": 45,
          "housing": 45,
          "work": 45,
          "family": 66,
          "education": 66,
          "healthcare": 45,
          "safety": 45,
          "air": 28,
          "bureaucracy": 45
        },
        "housing_budget": {
          "status": "unavailable",
          "currency": null,
          "fx_date": null,
          "normalized_monthly_eur": null,
          "source_id": null,
          "basis": null
        }
      }
    },
    "facts_by_block": {
      "identity": [
        {
          "metric_id": "car_density_per_1000",
          "block_id": "identity",
          "value": 329.91,
          "unit": "cars/1000 residents",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2021",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-18",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-b029419d8301",
          "source_url": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/statistics/1.0/data/urb_ctran?format=JSON&lang=en&cities=SK006C",
          "source_title": "SK official material for car_density_per_1000",
          "source_authority": "Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic and official public authorities",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "foreign_population_share_percent",
          "block_id": "identity",
          "value": 1.4698,
          "unit": "percent",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2026-01-01",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-18",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-eac74d1300c6",
          "source_url": "https://krajskemesta.statistics.sk/index.php?lang=sk",
          "source_title": "SK official material for population_total",
          "source_authority": "Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic and official public authorities",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "foreign_population_total",
          "block_id": "identity",
          "value": 1174,
          "unit": "people",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2026-01-01",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-18",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-eac74d1300c6",
          "source_url": "https://krajskemesta.statistics.sk/index.php?lang=sk",
          "source_title": "SK official material for population_total",
          "source_authority": "Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic and official public authorities",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "population_total",
          "block_id": "identity",
          "value": 79873,
          "unit": "people",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2026-01-01",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-18",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-eac74d1300c6",
          "source_url": "https://krajskemesta.statistics.sk/index.php?lang=sk",
          "source_title": "SK official material for population_total",
          "source_authority": "Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic and official public authorities",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "student_population_share_percent",
          "block_id": "identity",
          "value": 9.82,
          "unit": "percent",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2020",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-18",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-c18abd9e0ba8",
          "source_url": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/statistics/1.0/data/urb_ceduc?format=JSON&lang=en&cities=SK006C",
          "source_title": "SK official material for student_population_share_percent",
          "source_authority": "Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic and official public authorities",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        }
      ],
      "housing": [
        {
          "metric_id": "housing_vacancy_rate_percent",
          "block_id": "housing",
          "value": 5.8379,
          "unit": "percent",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2011",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-18",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-d099827b17ae",
          "source_url": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/statistics/1.0/data/urb_clivcon?format=JSON&lang=en&cities=SK006C",
          "source_title": "SK official material for living_space_per_capita_m2",
          "source_authority": "Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic and official public authorities",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "rent_buy_price_eur_per_m2",
          "block_id": "housing",
          "value": 1938,
          "unit": "EUR/m2",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2021",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-18",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-d099827b17ae",
          "source_url": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/statistics/1.0/data/urb_clivcon?format=JSON&lang=en&cities=SK006C",
          "source_title": "SK official material for living_space_per_capita_m2",
          "source_authority": "Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic and official public authorities",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        }
      ],
      "cost_living": [
        {
          "metric_id": "col_fitness_club_eur_month",
          "block_id": "cost_living",
          "value": 32.5,
          "unit": "EUR/month",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2026-07-01",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-29",
          "comparison_eligible": false,
          "source_id": "source-98b6bd73fc1d",
          "source_url": "https://de.numbeo.com/lebenshaltungskosten/stadt/Zilina",
          "source_title": "Numbeo cost of living — Žilina",
          "source_authority": "Numbeo",
          "source_type": "commercial",
          "source_badge": "Commercial source",
          "source_quality": "supplemental"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "col_internet_60mbps_eur_month",
          "block_id": "cost_living",
          "value": 20.5,
          "unit": "EUR/month",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2026-07-01",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-29",
          "comparison_eligible": false,
          "source_id": "source-98b6bd73fc1d",
          "source_url": "https://de.numbeo.com/lebenshaltungskosten/stadt/Zilina",
          "source_title": "Numbeo cost of living — Žilina",
          "source_authority": "Numbeo",
          "source_type": "commercial",
          "source_badge": "Commercial source",
          "source_quality": "supplemental"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "col_kindergarten_private_eur_month",
          "block_id": "cost_living",
          "value": 400,
          "unit": "EUR/month",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2026-07-01",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-29",
          "comparison_eligible": false,
          "source_id": "source-98b6bd73fc1d",
          "source_url": "https://de.numbeo.com/lebenshaltungskosten/stadt/Zilina",
          "source_title": "Numbeo cost of living — Žilina",
          "source_authority": "Numbeo",
          "source_type": "commercial",
          "source_badge": "Commercial source",
          "source_quality": "supplemental"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "col_meal_inexpensive_restaurant_eur",
          "block_id": "cost_living",
          "value": 12,
          "unit": "EUR",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2026-07-01",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-29",
          "comparison_eligible": false,
          "source_id": "source-98b6bd73fc1d",
          "source_url": "https://de.numbeo.com/lebenshaltungskosten/stadt/Zilina",
          "source_title": "Numbeo cost of living — Žilina",
          "source_authority": "Numbeo",
          "source_type": "commercial",
          "source_badge": "Commercial source",
          "source_quality": "supplemental"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "col_mobile_plan_10gb_eur_month",
          "block_id": "cost_living",
          "value": 27.8,
          "unit": "EUR/month",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2026-07-01",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-29",
          "comparison_eligible": false,
          "source_id": "source-98b6bd73fc1d",
          "source_url": "https://de.numbeo.com/lebenshaltungskosten/stadt/Zilina",
          "source_title": "Numbeo cost of living — Žilina",
          "source_authority": "Numbeo",
          "source_type": "commercial",
          "source_badge": "Commercial source",
          "source_quality": "supplemental"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "col_utilities_basic_85m2_eur_month",
          "block_id": "cost_living",
          "value": 206.67,
          "unit": "EUR/month",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2026-07-01",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-29",
          "comparison_eligible": false,
          "source_id": "source-98b6bd73fc1d",
          "source_url": "https://de.numbeo.com/lebenshaltungskosten/stadt/Zilina",
          "source_title": "Numbeo cost of living — Žilina",
          "source_authority": "Numbeo",
          "source_type": "commercial",
          "source_badge": "Commercial source",
          "source_quality": "supplemental"
        }
      ],
      "work_income": [
        {
          "metric_id": "unemployment_total_percent",
          "block_id": "work_income",
          "value": 11.49,
          "unit": "percent",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2009",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-18",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-ff2550eea710",
          "source_url": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/statistics/1.0/data/urb_clma?format=JSON&lang=en&cities=SK006C",
          "source_title": "SK official material for unemployment_total_percent",
          "source_authority": "Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic and official public authorities",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        }
      ],
      "climate_air": [
        {
          "metric_id": "air_quality_no2_annual_ug_m3",
          "block_id": "climate_air",
          "value": 26.5,
          "unit": "ug/m3",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2012",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-18",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-b5b29d1395c3",
          "source_url": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/statistics/1.0/data/urb_cenv?format=JSON&lang=en&cities=SK006C",
          "source_title": "SK official material for air_quality_no2_annual_ug_m3",
          "source_authority": "Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic and official public authorities",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "air_quality_pm10_annual_ug_m3",
          "block_id": "climate_air",
          "value": 34.9,
          "unit": "ug/m3",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2012",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-18",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-b5b29d1395c3",
          "source_url": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/statistics/1.0/data/urb_cenv?format=JSON&lang=en&cities=SK006C",
          "source_title": "SK official material for air_quality_no2_annual_ug_m3",
          "source_authority": "Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic and official public authorities",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
          "block_id": "climate_air",
          "value": 15,
          "unit": "µg/m³",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2025-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-29",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-a59d264aa259",
          "source_url": "https://air.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/rest/services/AirQuality/AQ_Statistics_WM/MapServer/0/query?where=AirPollutant%3D%27PM2.5%27+AND+Country_ISO%3D%27SK%27+AND+YearOfStatistics%3D2025&outFields=AirPollutant%2CAirPollutionLevel%2CCountry_ISO%2CStationName%2CAreaOfMeasurementStation%2CYearOfStatistics%2CUnitOfAirpollutionLevel%2CTypeOfMeasurementStation%2CDataCoverage%2CReportingMetric%2CLatitudeOfMeasurementStation%2CLongitudeOfMeasurementStation&returnGeometry=false&resultRecordCount=1000&resultOffset=0&f=json",
          "source_title": "EEA Air Quality Annual Statistics — SK 2025 PM2.5 exact station temporal replacement",
          "source_authority": "European Environment Agency",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "climate_monthly_high_c",
          "block_id": "climate_air",
          "value": [
            1.4,
            4.2,
            9.1,
            15.9,
            20.4,
            23.9,
            25.8,
            25.9,
            20.2,
            14.6,
            8.2,
            2.3
          ],
          "unit": "°C",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2020-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-29",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-bcba8f54f7ef",
          "source_url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Slovakia/CSV/DOLNY_HRICOV_11841.csv",
          "source_title": "WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 station CSV",
          "source_authority": "World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "climate_monthly_low_c",
          "block_id": "climate_air",
          "value": [
            -5,
            -4.3,
            -1.3,
            3,
            7.7,
            11.3,
            13,
            12.6,
            8.7,
            4.6,
            1,
            -3.5
          ],
          "unit": "°C",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2020-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-29",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-bcba8f54f7ef",
          "source_url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Slovakia/CSV/DOLNY_HRICOV_11841.csv",
          "source_title": "WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 station CSV",
          "source_authority": "World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "climate_monthly_mean_c",
          "block_id": "climate_air",
          "value": [
            -2,
            -0.5,
            3.3,
            9.1,
            13.8,
            17.4,
            18.9,
            18.4,
            13.5,
            8.7,
            4.3,
            -0.6
          ],
          "unit": "°C",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2020-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-29",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-bcba8f54f7ef",
          "source_url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Slovakia/CSV/DOLNY_HRICOV_11841.csv",
          "source_title": "WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 station CSV",
          "source_authority": "World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "climate_monthly_precip_mm",
          "block_id": "climate_air",
          "value": [
            46.9,
            40.1,
            45.5,
            46.5,
            74.3,
            83.9,
            93.7,
            77.9,
            68.9,
            62.8,
            51,
            48.3
          ],
          "unit": "mm",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2020-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-29",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-bcba8f54f7ef",
          "source_url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Slovakia/CSV/DOLNY_HRICOV_11841.csv",
          "source_title": "WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 station CSV",
          "source_authority": "World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "climate_monthly_sunshine_h",
          "block_id": "climate_air",
          "value": [
            48.8,
            72.6,
            125.5,
            179,
            212.1,
            228.5,
            243.8,
            235.7,
            154.1,
            106.7,
            52.9,
            40.5
          ],
          "unit": "hours",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2020-12-31",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-29",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-bcba8f54f7ef",
          "source_url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Slovakia/CSV/DOLNY_HRICOV_11841.csv",
          "source_title": "WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 station CSV",
          "source_authority": "World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "g11_annual_precipitation_mm",
          "block_id": "climate_air",
          "value": 672,
          "unit": "mm",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2008",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-18",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-b5b29d1395c3",
          "source_url": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/statistics/1.0/data/urb_cenv?format=JSON&lang=en&cities=SK006C",
          "source_title": "SK official material for air_quality_no2_annual_ug_m3",
          "source_authority": "Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic and official public authorities",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        }
      ],
      "other": [
        {
          "metric_id": "living_space_per_capita_m2",
          "block_id": "other",
          "value": 22.6,
          "unit": "m2/person",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2011",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-18",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-d099827b17ae",
          "source_url": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/statistics/1.0/data/urb_clivcon?format=JSON&lang=en&cities=SK006C",
          "source_title": "SK official material for living_space_per_capita_m2",
          "source_authority": "Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic and official public authorities",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "median_age_years",
          "block_id": "other",
          "value": 44.8,
          "unit": "years",
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2026-01-01",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-18",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-eac74d1300c6",
          "source_url": "https://krajskemesta.statistics.sk/index.php?lang=sk",
          "source_title": "SK official material for population_total",
          "source_authority": "Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic and official public authorities",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        },
        {
          "metric_id": "primary_economic_sector",
          "block_id": "other",
          "value": "Employment (jobs) in trade, transport, hotels, restaurants (NACE Rev. 2, G to I)",
          "unit": null,
          "geographic_scope": "city",
          "observed_at": "2020",
          "verified_at": "2026-07-18",
          "comparison_eligible": true,
          "source_id": "source-ff2550eea710",
          "source_url": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/api/dissemination/statistics/1.0/data/urb_clma?format=JSON&lang=en&cities=SK006C",
          "source_title": "SK official material for unemployment_total_percent",
          "source_authority": "Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic and official public authorities",
          "source_type": "official",
          "source_badge": "Official source",
          "source_quality": "verified"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}
