{ "snapshot_id": "approved-static-c6015be852c3d22b", "page_version": "9d85032800e2941bf9e6e956ac67fe6c", "content_date": "2026-09-29", "schema_version": "immigrationdb-report-dataset-v1", "generated_at": "2026-09-29", "citation": { "@type": "CreativeWork", "@id": "https://immigrationdb.com/reports/bulgaria-cities-with-cleanest-air/#citation", "schema_version": "immigrationdb-citation-v1", "citation_type": "ImmigrationDB compilation", "canonical_url": "https://immigrationdb.com/reports/bulgaria-cities-with-cleanest-air/", "title": "Cities with cleanest air in Bulgaria", "author": { "name": "ImmigrationDB", "url": "https://immigrationdb.com/" }, "publisher": { "name": "ImmigrationDB", "url": "https://immigrationdb.com/" }, "snapshot_id": "approved-static-c6015be852c3d22b", "version": "9d85032800e2941bf9e6e956ac67fe6c", "retrieval_date": "2026-09-29", "build_date": "2026-09-29", "compilation_license": { "name": "CC BY 4.0", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "terms_url": "https://immigrationdb.com/about/copyright/" }, "formats": { "apa": "ImmigrationDB. (2026, September 29). Cities with cleanest air in Bulgaria [ImmigrationDB compilation; version 9d85032800e2941bf9e6e956ac67fe6c]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/reports/bulgaria-cities-with-cleanest-air/ Retrieved 2026-09-29. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "bibtex": "@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_cities-with-cleanest-air-in-bulgaria_84efa0cac250,\n author = {ImmigrationDB},\n title = {Cities with cleanest air in Bulgaria},\n publisher = {ImmigrationDB},\n year = {2026},\n date = {2026-09-29},\n version = {9d85032800e2941bf9e6e956ac67fe6c},\n url = {https://immigrationdb.com/reports/bulgaria-cities-with-cleanest-air/},\n note = {Retrieved 2026-09-29. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},\n}", "markdown": "[Cities with cleanest air in Bulgaria](https://immigrationdb.com/reports/bulgaria-cities-with-cleanest-air/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; version 9d85032800e2941bf9e6e956ac67fe6c; retrieved 2026-09-29; built 2026-09-29." }, "boundary_note": "This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately." }, "underlying_source_references": [ { "source_id": "633:source:d4dbcb4cc425bc3925a5805ec69234ab", "source_url": "https://air.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/rest/services/AirQuality/AQ_Statistics_WM/MapServer/0/query?where=Country_ISO%3D%27BG%27%20AND%20AirPollutant%3D%27PM2.5%27%20AND%20YearOfStatistics%3D2024&outFields=AirPollutant,AirPollutionLevel,Country_ISO,StationName,YearOfStatistics,UnitOfAirpollutionLevel,ReportingMetric,LatitudeOfMeasurementStation,LongitudeOfMeasurementStation,DataCoverage,Preliminary&returnGeometry=false&f=json", "source_title": "EEA air quality statistics — BG PM2.5 annual mean 2024 (station AMS Rozhen peak)", "publisher": "European Environment Agency (EEA)", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-08-01" }, { "source_id": "source-e6424f21dc7d", "source_url": "https://air.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/rest/services/AirQuality/AQ_Statistics_WM/MapServer/0/query?where=AirPollutant%3D%27PM2.5%27+AND+YearOfStatistics%3D2024&outFields=AirPollutant%2CAirPollutionLevel%2CCountry_ISO%2CStationName%2CAreaOfMeasurementStation%2CYearOfStatistics%2CUnitOfAirpollutionLevel%2CTypeOfMeasurementStation%2CDataCoverage%2CReportingMetric%2CLatitudeOfMeasurementStation%2CLongitudeOfMeasurementStation&returnGeometry=false&resultRecordCount=1000&resultOffset=0&f=json", "source_title": "EEA Air Quality Annual Statistics — validated PM2.5 station data", "publisher": "European Environment Agency", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-26" }, { "source_id": "source-b8a6b23ce331", "source_url": "https://air.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/rest/services/AirQuality/AQ_Statistics_WM/MapServer/0/query", "source_title": "European Environment Agency", "publisher": "European Environment Agency", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-08-05" }, { "source_id": "source-d9381262f5f7", "source_url": "https://air.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/rest/services/AirQuality/AQ_Statistics_WM/MapServer/0/query?where=AirPollutant%3D%27PM2.5%27+AND+Country_ISO%3D%27BG%27+AND+YearOfStatistics%3D2025&outFields=AirPollutant%2CAirPollutionLevel%2CCountry_ISO%2CStationName%2CAreaOfMeasurementStation%2CYearOfStatistics%2CUnitOfAirpollutionLevel%2CTypeOfMeasurementStation%2CDataCoverage%2CReportingMetric%2CLatitudeOfMeasurementStation%2CLongitudeOfMeasurementStation&returnGeometry=false&resultRecordCount=1000&resultOffset=0&f=json", "source_title": "EEA Air Quality Annual Statistics — BG 2025 PM2.5 exact station temporal replacement", "publisher": "European Environment Agency", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-29" } ], "report": { "schema_version": "immigrationdb-generated-report-v1", "canonical_slug": "bulgaria-cities-with-cleanest-air", "canonical_path": "/reports/bulgaria-cities-with-cleanest-air/", "title": "Cities with cleanest air in Bulgaria", "question": "Cities with cleanest air in Bulgaria", "short_answer": "Smolyan, Bulgaria has the lowest pm2.5 — annual mean of the 13 cities compared: 7 µg/m³ (EEA air quality statistics — BG PM2.5 annual mean 2024 (station AMS Rozhen peak), 2024-12-31).", "summary": "Bulgaria cities ranked by annual PM2.5 concentration, not by current readings.", "report_type": "data_driven_report", "scope": "city", "status": "accepted", "indexability": "indexable", "population_floor": 20000, "excluded_counts": { "population_floor": 9 }, "not_advice_disclaimer": "This ranking is a source-backed reference. Read the source, geographic grain and observation date before comparing rows.", "methodology_id": "methodology-bulgaria-cities-with-cleanest-air-v1", "methodology": { "summary": "Every row is a published pm2.5 — annual mean observation, ranked lowest first. The values were observed between 2024 and 2025. A place appears only when it publishes this exact metric, so an absent place means missing data rather than a low value. Only published cities with at least 20,000 residents and city-level observations qualify.", "formula": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3 asc", "assumptions": [ "Source definitions, geographic grain and observation period remain visible for every row." ], "exclusions": [ "Supplemental sources, null values, incompatible units, rows without direct source URLs, places below the population floor, non-city observations and copied values are excluded." ], "source_policy": "Verified sources with direct URL and visible scope" }, "freshness": { "last_checked": "2026-08-05", "status": "generated_from_current_reusable_facts", "field_dates_visible": true, "verified_at": "2026-08-05" }, "rows": [ { "row_id": "bulgaria-cities-with-cleanest-air:city:bg:wikidata:Q188306", "label": "Smolyan, Bulgaria", "canonical_path": "/cities/bg/smolyan/", "country_code": "BG", "population_total": 31514, "value": 7, "value_display": "7 µg/m³", "unit": "µg/m³", "geographic_grain": "nearest_station", "source_locator": null, "observation_period": "2024-12-31", "derivation": "identity", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "633:source:d4dbcb4cc425bc3925a5805ec69234ab" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "633:source:d4dbcb4cc425bc3925a5805ec69234ab", "url": "https://air.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/rest/services/AirQuality/AQ_Statistics_WM/MapServer/0/query?where=Country_ISO%3D'BG'%20AND%20AirPollutant%3D'PM2.5'%20AND%20YearOfStatistics%3D2024&outFields=AirPollutant,AirPollutionLevel,Country_ISO,StationName,YearOfStatistics,UnitOfAirpollutionLevel,ReportingMetric,LatitudeOfMeasurementStation,LongitudeOfMeasurementStation,DataCoverage,Preliminary&returnGeometry=false&f=json", "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: nearest_station", "retrieved_at": "2026-08-01" } ], "reader_label": "PM2.5 — annual mean", "label_owner_metric_id": null, "reader_label_role": "metric" }, { "row_id": "bulgaria-cities-with-cleanest-air:city:bg:wikidata:Q188291", "label": "Varna, Bulgaria", "canonical_path": "/cities/bg/varna/", "country_code": "BG", "population_total": 331260, "value": 11, "value_display": "11 µg/m³", "unit": "µg/m³", "geographic_grain": "city", "source_locator": null, "observation_period": "2024-12-31", "derivation": "identity", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-e6424f21dc7d" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-e6424f21dc7d", "url": "https://air.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/rest/services/AirQuality/AQ_Statistics_WM/MapServer/0/query?where=AirPollutant%3D%27PM2.5%27+AND+YearOfStatistics%3D2024&outFields=AirPollutant%2CAirPollutionLevel%2CCountry_ISO%2CStationName%2CAreaOfMeasurementStation%2CYearOfStatistics%2CUnitOfAirpollutionLevel%2CTypeOfMeasurementStation%2CDataCoverage%2CReportingMetric%2CLatitudeOfMeasurementStation%2CLongitudeOfMeasurementStation&returnGeometry=false&resultRecordCount=1000&resultOffset=0&f=json", "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; 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geographic grain: nearest_station", "retrieved_at": "2026-08-01" } ], "reader_label": "PM2.5 — annual mean", "label_owner_metric_id": null, "reader_label_role": "metric" }, { "row_id": "bulgaria-cities-with-cleanest-air:city:bg:geonames:725993", "label": "Veliko Tŭrnovo, Bulgaria", "canonical_path": "/cities/bg/veliko-turnovo/", "country_code": "BG", "population_total": 77049, "value": 14, "value_display": "14 µg/m³", "unit": "µg/m³", "geographic_grain": "nearest_station", "source_locator": null, "observation_period": "2024-12-31", "derivation": "identity", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-b8a6b23ce331" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-b8a6b23ce331", "url": "https://air.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/rest/services/AirQuality/AQ_Statistics_WM/MapServer/0/query", "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: nearest_station", "retrieved_at": "2026-08-05" } ], "reader_label": "PM2.5 — annual mean", "label_owner_metric_id": null, "reader_label_role": "metric" }, { "row_id": "bulgaria-cities-with-cleanest-air:city:bg:wikidata:Q159822", "label": "Ruse, Bulgaria", "canonical_path": "/cities/bg/ruse/", "country_code": "BG", "population_total": 136112, "value": 15, "value_display": "15 µg/m³", "unit": "µg/m³", "geographic_grain": "city", "source_locator": null, "observation_period": "2024-12-31", "derivation": "identity", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-e6424f21dc7d" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-e6424f21dc7d", "url": "https://air.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/rest/services/AirQuality/AQ_Statistics_WM/MapServer/0/query?where=AirPollutant%3D%27PM2.5%27+AND+YearOfStatistics%3D2024&outFields=AirPollutant%2CAirPollutionLevel%2CCountry_ISO%2CStationName%2CAreaOfMeasurementStation%2CYearOfStatistics%2CUnitOfAirpollutionLevel%2CTypeOfMeasurementStation%2CDataCoverage%2CReportingMetric%2CLatitudeOfMeasurementStation%2CLongitudeOfMeasurementStation&returnGeometry=false&resultRecordCount=1000&resultOffset=0&f=json", "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; 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geographic grain: city", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-29" } ], "reader_label": "PM2.5 — annual mean", "label_owner_metric_id": null, "reader_label_role": "metric" }, { "row_id": "bulgaria-cities-with-cleanest-air:city:bg:wikidata:Q188314", "label": "Asenovgrad, Bulgaria", "canonical_path": "/cities/bg/asenovgrad/", "country_code": "BG", "population_total": 56647, "value": 17, "value_display": "17 µg/m³", "unit": "µg/m³", "geographic_grain": "nearest_station", "source_locator": null, "observation_period": "2024-12-31", "derivation": "identity", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "633:source:47d3ea306468bc6131b7e91af3ee9570" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "633:source:47d3ea306468bc6131b7e91af3ee9570", "url": "https://air.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/rest/services/AirQuality/AQ_Statistics_WM/MapServer/0/query?where=Country_ISO%3D'BG'%20AND%20AirPollutant%3D'PM2.5'%20AND%20YearOfStatistics%3D2024&outFields=AirPollutant,AirPollutionLevel,Country_ISO,StationName,YearOfStatistics,UnitOfAirpollutionLevel,ReportingMetric,LatitudeOfMeasurementStation,LongitudeOfMeasurementStation,DataCoverage,Preliminary&returnGeometry=false&f=json", "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; 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