{ "snapshot_id": "approved-static-bb6d69cd3c074ae2", "schema_version": "immigrationdb-report-dataset-v1", "generated_at": "2026-08-04", "report": { "schema_version": "immigrationdb-generated-report-v1", "canonical_slug": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall", "canonical_path": "/reports/cities-with-the-least-rainfall/", "title": "Cities with the lowest published annual rainfall", "question": "Cities with the lowest published annual rainfall", "short_answer": "Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates is first in the current published ranking at 50.2 mm/year; compare its source date and geographic grain before using the result.", "summary": "Published monthly precipitation normals totalled into an annual figure, ranked lowest first. Low rainfall is not the same as few rainy days; the total says nothing about how it is spread through the year.", "report_type": "data_driven_report", "scope": "multi-country cities", "status": "accepted", "indexability": "indexable", "not_advice_disclaimer": "This ranking is a source-backed reference. Read the source, geographic grain and observation date before comparing rows.", "methodology_id": "methodology-cities-with-the-least-rainfall-v1", "methodology": { "summary": "Every row is a published observation measured in mm/year, ranked lowest first. The values were observed between 1990 and 2020. A place appears only when it publishes this exact metric, so an absent place means missing data rather than a low value.", "formula": " asc", "assumptions": [ "Source definitions, geographic grain and observation period remain visible for every row." ], "exclusions": [ "Supplemental sources, null values, incompatible units and rows without direct source URLs are excluded." ], "source_policy": "Verified sources with direct URL and visible scope" }, "freshness": { "last_checked": "2026-07-31", "status": "generated_from_current_reusable_facts", "field_dates_visible": true }, "rows": [ { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:ae:wikidata:Q1519", "label": "Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates", "canonical_path": "/cities/ae/abu-dhabi/", "country_code": "AE", "value": 50.2, "value_display": "50.2 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city", "observation_period": "2020-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-ab6f3f7611e5" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-ab6f3f7611e5", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/UAE/CSV/AbuDhabiIntlAirport_41217.csv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: city", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-26" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:us-place-0485540", "label": "Yuma, United States", "canonical_path": "/cities/us/yuma/", "country_code": "US", "value": 83.3, "value_display": "83.3 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city", "observation_period": "2020-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-5a8250e43a76" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-5a8250e43a76", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/normals-monthly/1991-2020/access/USW00003145.csv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: city", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-29" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:es:wikidata:Q575670", "label": "Antigua, Spain", "canonical_path": "/cities/es/antigua/", "country_code": "ES", "value": 83.9, "value_display": "83.9 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "nearest_station", "observation_period": "1991-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:1f189a8b8cc7083ae0d66f4b84f137ba" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:1f189a8b8cc7083ae0d66f4b84f137ba", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Spain/CSV/FUERTEVENTURAAEROPUERTO_60035.csv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: nearest_station", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-31" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:es:wikidata:Q594892", "label": "Oliva, La, Spain", "canonical_path": "/cities/es/oliva-la/", "country_code": "ES", "value": 83.9, "value_display": "83.9 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "nearest_station", "observation_period": "1991-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:1f189a8b8cc7083ae0d66f4b84f137ba" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:1f189a8b8cc7083ae0d66f4b84f137ba", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Spain/CSV/FUERTEVENTURAAEROPUERTO_60035.csv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: nearest_station", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-31" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:es:wikidata:Q985586", "label": "Tuineje, Spain", "canonical_path": "/cities/es/tuineje/", "country_code": "ES", "value": 83.9, "value_display": "83.9 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "nearest_station", "observation_period": "1991-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:1f189a8b8cc7083ae0d66f4b84f137ba" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:1f189a8b8cc7083ae0d66f4b84f137ba", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Spain/CSV/FUERTEVENTURAAEROPUERTO_60035.csv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: nearest_station", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-31" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:es:wikidata:Q540185", "label": "Puerto del Rosario, Spain", "canonical_path": "/cities/es/puerto-del-rosario/", "country_code": "ES", "value": 86, "value_display": "86 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city", "observation_period": "2020-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-617833e26b04" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-617833e26b04", "url": "https://www.aemet.es/documentos/es/datos_abiertos/Estadisticas/Estadisticas_meteorofenologicas/evmf_estadistica_anual_2023.zip", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: city", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-27" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:es:wikidata:Q962773", "label": "San Bartolomé, Spain", "canonical_path": "/cities/es/san-bartolome/", "country_code": "ES", "value": 97.5, "value_display": "97.5 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city", "observation_period": "2020-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-e66e5a1acf0d" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-e66e5a1acf0d", "url": "https://www.aemet.es/documentos/es/datos_abiertos/Estadisticas/Estadisticas_meteorofenologicas/evmf_estadistica_anual_2023.zip", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: city", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-27" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:us-place-3240000", "label": "Las Vegas, United States", "canonical_path": "/cities/us/las-vegas-nv/", "country_code": "US", "value": 101.4, "value_display": "101.4 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city", "observation_period": "2020-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-20cc25f297fe" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-20cc25f297fe", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/normals-monthly/1991-2020/access/USW00053123.csv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: city", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-29" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:us-place-3231900", "label": "Henderson, United States", "canonical_path": "/cities/us/henderson-nv/", "country_code": "US", "value": 106.2, "value_display": "106.2 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city", "observation_period": "2020-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-cc7d2ab49969" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-cc7d2ab49969", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/normals-monthly/1991-2020/access/USW00023169.csv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: city", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-29" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:sa:wikidata:Q3692", "label": "Riyadh, Saudi Arabia", "canonical_path": "/cities/sa/riyadh/", "country_code": "SA", "value": 107.5, "value_display": "107.5 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city", "observation_period": "2020-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-87a5ad6298bc" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-87a5ad6298bc", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/SaudiArabia/CSV/RiyadhNew_40437.csv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: city", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-26" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:us-place-3251800", "label": "North Las Vegas, United States", "canonical_path": "/cities/us/north-las-vegas/", "country_code": "US", "value": 108.5, "value_display": "108.5 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city", "observation_period": "2020-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-44e0e5593589" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-44e0e5593589", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/normals-monthly/1991-2020/access/USC00265705.csv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: city", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-29" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:us-place-0682590", "label": "Victorville, United States", "canonical_path": "/cities/us/victorville/", "country_code": "US", "value": 141.5, "value_display": "141.5 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city", "observation_period": "2020-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-161b01faaa0a" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-161b01faaa0a", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/normals-monthly/1991-2020/access/USC00049325.csv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: city", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-29" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:au:abs_sua:1007", "label": "Broken Hill, Australia", "canonical_path": "/cities/au/broken-hill/", "country_code": "AU", "value": 239.2, "value_display": "239.2 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "nearest_station", "observation_period": "1991-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:85d469a708ee18fb884ab0a2ff94ef59" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:85d469a708ee18fb884ab0a2ff94ef59", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-5-WMO-Normals-9120/Australia/CSV/BrokenHill_94691.csv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: nearest_station", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-31" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:au:abs_sua:7001", "label": "Alice Springs, Australia", "canonical_path": "/cities/au/alice-springs/", "country_code": "AU", "value": 272.6, "value_display": "272.6 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "nearest_station", "observation_period": "1991-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:70e9947a649a8d965ca807cb3ccd7b9c" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:70e9947a649a8d965ca807cb3ccd7b9c", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-5-WMO-Normals-9120/Australia/CSV/AliceSpringsAirport_94326.csv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: nearest_station", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-31" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:ca:slug:kamloops", "label": "Kamloops, Canada", "canonical_path": "/cities/ca/kamloops/", "country_code": "CA", "value": 272.9, "value_display": "272.9 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city", "observation_period": "2020-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-66f7e797746d" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-66f7e797746d", "url": "https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1991_2020_e.html?climate_id=1163780&dispBack=0&lstProvince=BC&searchType=stnProv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: city", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-26" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:ca:slug:whitehorse", "label": "Whitehorse, Canada", "canonical_path": "/cities/ca/whitehorse/", "country_code": "CA", "value": 279.6, "value_display": "279.6 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city", "observation_period": "2020-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-7817ded539fe" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-7817ded539fe", "url": "https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1991_2020_e.html?climate_id=2101300&dispBack=0&lstProvince=YT&searchType=stnProv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: city", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-26" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:au:abs_sua:2017", "label": "Swan Hill, Australia", "canonical_path": "/cities/au/swan-hill/", "country_code": "AU", "value": 314.4, "value_display": "314.4 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "nearest_station", "observation_period": "1991-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:f318256bb4bb6884a0ffcc352c893b36" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:f318256bb4bb6884a0ffcc352c893b36", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-5-WMO-Normals-9120/Australia/CSV/SwanHillAerodrome_94843.csv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: nearest_station", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-31" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:ca:slug:medicine-hat", "label": "Medicine Hat, Canada", "canonical_path": "/cities/ca/medicine-hat/", "country_code": "CA", "value": 330.8, "value_display": "330.8 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city", "observation_period": "2020-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-2d343a919e50" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-2d343a919e50", "url": "https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1991_2020_e.html?climate_id=3034479&dispBack=0&lstProvince=AB&searchType=stnProv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: city", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-26" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:au:abs_sua:5010", "label": "Port Hedland, Australia", "canonical_path": "/cities/au/port-hedland/", "country_code": "AU", "value": 335.6, "value_display": "335.6 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "nearest_station", "observation_period": "1991-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:06463283cfea30ecc26376001a7608ef" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:06463283cfea30ecc26376001a7608ef", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-5-WMO-Normals-9120/Australia/CSV/PortHedlandAirport_94312.csv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: nearest_station", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-31" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:ca:slug:penticton", "label": "Penticton, Canada", "canonical_path": "/cities/ca/penticton/", "country_code": "CA", "value": 344.1, "value_display": "344.1 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city", "observation_period": "2020-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-4d80240255c3" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-4d80240255c3", "url": "https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1991_2020_e.html?climate_id=1126146&dispBack=0&lstProvince=BC&searchType=stnProv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: city", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-26" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:cy:official:cystat:municipality:4000", "label": "Larnaka, Cyprus", "canonical_path": "/cities/cy/larnaca/", "country_code": "CY", "value": 350, "value_display": "350 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city", "observation_period": "2020-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-afc58888ce6a" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-afc58888ce6a", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Cyprus/CSV/LarnakaAirport_17609.csv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: city", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-29" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:cy:wikidata:Q3856", "label": "Nicosia, Cyprus", "canonical_path": "/cities/cy/nicosia/", "country_code": "CY", "value": 350, "value_display": "350 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city", "observation_period": "2020-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-01208af38e5f" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-01208af38e5f", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Cyprus/CSV/LarnakaAirport_17609.csv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: city", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-26" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:au:abs_sua:4003", "label": "Murray Bridge, Australia", "canonical_path": "/cities/au/murray-bridge/", "country_code": "AU", "value": 360.4, "value_display": "360.4 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "nearest_station", "observation_period": "1991-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:69b3f0655da7016b518ed9c456dffecf" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:69b3f0655da7016b518ed9c456dffecf", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-5-WMO-Normals-9120/Australia/CSV/MurrayBridge_95812.csv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: nearest_station", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-31" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:gr:wikidata:Q1524", "label": "Athens, Greece", "canonical_path": "/cities/gr/athens/", "country_code": "GR", "value": 370.8, "value_display": "370.8 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city", "observation_period": "1990-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-236651dcde6d" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-236651dcde6d", "url": "https://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_167160_kt.pdf", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: city", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-26" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:ca:slug:lethbridge", "label": "Lethbridge, Canada", "canonical_path": "/cities/ca/lethbridge/", "country_code": "CA", "value": 372.6, "value_display": "372.6 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city", "observation_period": "2020-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-554491b644df" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-554491b644df", "url": "https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1991_2020_e.html?climate_id=3033875&dispBack=0&lstProvince=AB&searchType=stnProv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: city", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-26" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:pt:wikidata:Q27320", "label": "Porto Santo, Portugal", "canonical_path": "/cities/pt/porto-santo/", "country_code": "PT", "value": 381.7, "value_display": "381.7 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city", "observation_period": "2020-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-7b02dbd2ba23" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-7b02dbd2ba23", "url": "https://www.ipma.pt/en/oclima/normais.clima/1991-2020/", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: city", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-26" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:cy:official:cystat:municipality:6000", "label": "Pafos, Cyprus", "canonical_path": "/cities/cy/paphos/", "country_code": "CY", "value": 393.3, "value_display": "393.3 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city", "observation_period": "2020-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "source-884bbf24059e" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "source-884bbf24059e", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Cyprus/CSV/PafosAirport_17600.csv", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: city", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-29" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:pt:wikidata:Q986079", "label": "Castro Marim, Portugal", "canonical_path": "/cities/pt/castro-marim/", "country_code": "PT", "value": 416.7, "value_display": "416.7 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "nearest_station", "observation_period": "1991-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:4f9ac06d172fb4bec8debeec32fb2c21" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:4f9ac06d172fb4bec8debeec32fb2c21", "url": "https://www.ipma.pt/bin/file.data/climate-normal/cn_91-20_VILA_REAL_SANTO_ANTONIO.pdf", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: nearest_station", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-31" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:pt:wikidata:Q372840", "label": "Tavira, Portugal", "canonical_path": "/cities/pt/tavira/", "country_code": "PT", "value": 416.7, "value_display": "416.7 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "nearest_station", "observation_period": "1991-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:4f9ac06d172fb4bec8debeec32fb2c21" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:4f9ac06d172fb4bec8debeec32fb2c21", "url": "https://www.ipma.pt/bin/file.data/climate-normal/cn_91-20_VILA_REAL_SANTO_ANTONIO.pdf", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: nearest_station", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-31" } ] }, { "row_id": "cities-with-the-least-rainfall:city:pt:wikidata:Q750578", "label": "Vila Real de Santo António, Portugal", "canonical_path": "/cities/pt/vila-real-de-santo-antonio/", "country_code": "PT", "value": 416.7, "value_display": "416.7 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "nearest_station", "observation_period": "1991-12-31", "derivation": "Sum of the twelve published monthly values of climate_monthly_precip_mm", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:4f9ac06d172fb4bec8debeec32fb2c21" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:4f9ac06d172fb4bec8debeec32fb2c21", "url": "https://www.ipma.pt/bin/file.data/climate-normal/cn_91-20_VILA_REAL_SANTO_ANTONIO.pdf", "locator": "climate_precipitation_annual_mm_derived; geographic grain: nearest_station", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-31" } ] } ], "claims": [], "source_ledger": [ { "source_id": "source-ab6f3f7611e5", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/UAE/CSV/AbuDhabiIntlAirport_41217.csv", "title": "WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 station CSV", "publisher": "World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-26" }, { "source_id": "source-5a8250e43a76", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/normals-monthly/1991-2020/access/USW00003145.csv", "title": "NOAA U.S. Climate Normals 1991-2020", "publisher": "National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-29" }, { "source_id": "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:1f189a8b8cc7083ae0d66f4b84f137ba", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Spain/CSV/FUERTEVENTURAAEROPUERTO_60035.csv", "title": "WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station FUERTEVENTURA/AEROPUERTO", "publisher": "World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-31" }, { "source_id": "source-617833e26b04", "url": "https://www.aemet.es/documentos/es/datos_abiertos/Estadisticas/Estadisticas_meteorofenologicas/evmf_estadistica_anual_2023.zip", "title": "AEMET climate normal — mean monthly total precipitation, FUERTEVENTURA/AEROPUERTO, 1991-2020", "publisher": "Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMET)", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-27" }, { "source_id": "source-e66e5a1acf0d", "url": "https://www.aemet.es/documentos/es/datos_abiertos/Estadisticas/Estadisticas_meteorofenologicas/evmf_estadistica_anual_2023.zip", "title": "AEMET climate normal — mean monthly total precipitation, LANZAROTE/AEROPUERTO, 1991-2020", "publisher": "Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMET)", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-27" }, { "source_id": "source-20cc25f297fe", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/normals-monthly/1991-2020/access/USW00053123.csv", "title": "NOAA U.S. Climate Normals 1991-2020", "publisher": "National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-29" }, { "source_id": "source-cc7d2ab49969", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/normals-monthly/1991-2020/access/USW00023169.csv", "title": "NOAA U.S. Climate Normals 1991-2020", "publisher": "National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-29" }, { "source_id": "source-87a5ad6298bc", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/SaudiArabia/CSV/RiyadhNew_40437.csv", "title": "WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 station CSV", "publisher": "World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-26" }, { "source_id": "source-44e0e5593589", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/normals-monthly/1991-2020/access/USC00265705.csv", "title": "NOAA U.S. Climate Normals 1991-2020", "publisher": "National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-29" }, { "source_id": "source-161b01faaa0a", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/normals-monthly/1991-2020/access/USC00049325.csv", "title": "NOAA U.S. Climate Normals 1991-2020", "publisher": "National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-29" }, { "source_id": "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:85d469a708ee18fb884ab0a2ff94ef59", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-5-WMO-Normals-9120/Australia/CSV/BrokenHill_94691.csv", "title": "WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station BROKEN HILL", "publisher": "World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-31" }, { "source_id": "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:70e9947a649a8d965ca807cb3ccd7b9c", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-5-WMO-Normals-9120/Australia/CSV/AliceSpringsAirport_94326.csv", "title": "WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station ALICE SPRINGS AIRPORT", "publisher": "World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-31" }, { "source_id": "source-66f7e797746d", "url": "https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1991_2020_e.html?climate_id=1163780&dispBack=0&lstProvince=BC&searchType=stnProv", "title": "Canadian Climate Normals — KAMLOOPS A, 1991-2020", "publisher": "Environment and Climate Change Canada", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-26" }, { "source_id": "source-7817ded539fe", "url": "https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1991_2020_e.html?climate_id=2101300&dispBack=0&lstProvince=YT&searchType=stnProv", "title": "Canadian Climate Normals — WHITEHORSE A, 1991-2020", "publisher": "Environment and Climate Change Canada", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-26" }, { "source_id": "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:f318256bb4bb6884a0ffcc352c893b36", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-5-WMO-Normals-9120/Australia/CSV/SwanHillAerodrome_94843.csv", "title": "WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station SWAN HILL AERODROME", "publisher": "World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-31" }, { "source_id": "source-2d343a919e50", "url": "https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1991_2020_e.html?climate_id=3034479&dispBack=0&lstProvince=AB&searchType=stnProv", "title": "Canadian Climate Normals — MEDICINE HAT, 1991-2020", "publisher": "Environment and Climate Change Canada", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-26" }, { "source_id": "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:06463283cfea30ecc26376001a7608ef", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-5-WMO-Normals-9120/Australia/CSV/PortHedlandAirport_94312.csv", "title": "WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station PORT HEDLAND AIRPORT", "publisher": "World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-31" }, { "source_id": "source-4d80240255c3", "url": "https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1991_2020_e.html?climate_id=1126146&dispBack=0&lstProvince=BC&searchType=stnProv", "title": "Canadian Climate Normals — PENTICTON A, 1991-2020", "publisher": "Environment and Climate Change Canada", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-26" }, { "source_id": "source-afc58888ce6a", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Cyprus/CSV/LarnakaAirport_17609.csv", "title": "WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 station CSV", "publisher": "World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-29" }, { "source_id": "source-01208af38e5f", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Cyprus/CSV/LarnakaAirport_17609.csv", "title": "WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 station CSV", "publisher": "World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-26" }, { "source_id": "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:69b3f0655da7016b518ed9c456dffecf", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-5-WMO-Normals-9120/Australia/CSV/MurrayBridge_95812.csv", "title": "WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station MURRAY BRIDGE", "publisher": "World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-31" }, { "source_id": "source-236651dcde6d", "url": "https://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_167160_kt.pdf", "title": "DWD climate table — Athens Airport (Hellinikon), 1961-1990", "publisher": "Deutscher Wetterdienst", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-26" }, { "source_id": "source-554491b644df", "url": "https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1991_2020_e.html?climate_id=3033875&dispBack=0&lstProvince=AB&searchType=stnProv", "title": "Canadian Climate Normals — LETHBRIDGE, 1991-2020", "publisher": "Environment and Climate Change Canada", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-26" }, { "source_id": "source-7b02dbd2ba23", "url": "https://www.ipma.pt/en/oclima/normais.clima/1991-2020/", "title": "IPMA climate normal — mean monthly precipitation, Porto Santo, 1991-2020", "publisher": "Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA)", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-26" }, { "source_id": "source-884bbf24059e", "url": "https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/archive/arc0216/0253808/1.1/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Cyprus/CSV/PafosAirport_17600.csv", "title": "WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 station CSV", "publisher": "World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-29" }, { "source_id": "task-631-round2-2026-07-31:source:4f9ac06d172fb4bec8debeec32fb2c21", "url": "https://www.ipma.pt/bin/file.data/climate-normal/cn_91-20_VILA_REAL_SANTO_ANTONIO.pdf", "title": "IPMA Normais Climatológicas 1991-2020 — IPMA estação VILA REAL DE SANTO ANTONIO (nº 866)", "publisher": "Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA)", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-07-31" } ], "meaning_audit": [ "Compare the displayed value, unit, source date and geographic grain together.", "A city label does not change a regional observation into a city measurement." ], "blockers": [], "counts": { "rows_total": 30, "rows_accepted": 30, "rows_blocked": 0, "accepted_items": 30, "blocked_items": 0 } } }