{
  "snapshot_id": "approved-static-c6015be852c3d22b",
  "page_version": "56602260a87a5eda3ed3229befdf7bad",
  "content_date": "2026-09-29",
  "schema_version": "immigrationdb-report-dataset-v1",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-29",
  "citation": {
    "@type": "CreativeWork",
    "@id": "https://immigrationdb.com/reports/france-largest-cities/#citation",
    "schema_version": "immigrationdb-citation-v1",
    "citation_type": "ImmigrationDB compilation",
    "canonical_url": "https://immigrationdb.com/reports/france-largest-cities/",
    "title": "Largest cities in France",
    "author": {
      "name": "ImmigrationDB",
      "url": "https://immigrationdb.com/"
    },
    "publisher": {
      "name": "ImmigrationDB",
      "url": "https://immigrationdb.com/"
    },
    "snapshot_id": "approved-static-c6015be852c3d22b",
    "version": "56602260a87a5eda3ed3229befdf7bad",
    "retrieval_date": "2026-09-29",
    "build_date": "2026-09-29",
    "compilation_license": {
      "name": "CC BY 4.0",
      "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
      "terms_url": "https://immigrationdb.com/about/copyright/"
    },
    "formats": {
      "apa": "ImmigrationDB. (2026, September 29). Largest cities in France [ImmigrationDB compilation; version 56602260a87a5eda3ed3229befdf7bad]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/reports/france-largest-cities/ Retrieved 2026-09-29. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
      "bibtex": "@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_largest-cities-in-france_92816cd3d5cc,\n  author = {ImmigrationDB},\n  title = {Largest cities in France},\n  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},\n  year = {2026},\n  date = {2026-09-29},\n  version = {56602260a87a5eda3ed3229befdf7bad},\n  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/reports/france-largest-cities/},\n  note = {Retrieved 2026-09-29. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},\n}",
      "markdown": "[Largest cities in France](https://immigrationdb.com/reports/france-largest-cities/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; version 56602260a87a5eda3ed3229befdf7bad; retrieved 2026-09-29; built 2026-09-29."
    },
    "boundary_note": "This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately."
  },
  "underlying_source_references": [
    {
      "source_id": "source-3515b2bf6244",
      "source_url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/2011101?geo=COM-75056",
      "source_title": "FR official material for population_total",
      "publisher": "INSEE, Ville de Paris, FINESS and official French public authorities",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-07-18"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-9be6027ecc60",
      "source_url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/tableaux/8643952/COM/13055/popref2023_cc_popref.csv",
      "source_title": "Insee",
      "publisher": "Insee",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-08-05"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-1e5dd7fe700b",
      "source_url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/tableaux/8643952/COM/69123/popref2023_cc_popref.csv",
      "source_title": "Insee",
      "publisher": "Insee",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-08-05"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-797b4368b63b",
      "source_url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-31555",
      "source_title": "INSEE — Populations de référence 2023, Toulouse (commune 31555)",
      "publisher": "INSEE",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-f79034cdb967",
      "source_url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-06088",
      "source_title": "INSEE — Populations de référence 2023, Nice (commune 06088)",
      "publisher": "INSEE",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-72030e6f0753",
      "source_url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-44109",
      "source_title": "INSEE — Populations de référence 2023, Nantes (commune 44109)",
      "publisher": "INSEE",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-ea9b96f8675a",
      "source_url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-34172",
      "source_title": "INSEE — Populations de référence 2023, Montpellier (commune 34172)",
      "publisher": "INSEE",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-314a71b475c6",
      "source_url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-67482",
      "source_title": "INSEE — Populations de référence 2023, Strasbourg (commune 67482)",
      "publisher": "INSEE",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-230948c2de7e",
      "source_url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-33063",
      "source_title": "INSEE — Populations de référence 2023, Bordeaux (commune 33063)",
      "publisher": "INSEE",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-51e8cd19ba5e",
      "source_url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-59350",
      "source_title": "INSEE — Populations de référence 2023, Lille (commune 59350)",
      "publisher": "INSEE",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-8dcbb2100ff2",
      "source_url": "https://www.banatic.interieur.gouv.fr/consultation/api/export/pregenere/telecharger/France",
      "source_title": "Base nationale sur les intercommunalités (BANATIC) — groupements de communes, Population totale (DGCL, ministère de l'Intérieur)",
      "publisher": "Direction générale des collectivités locales (DGCL), Ministère de l'Intérieur",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-09-19"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-47d6550c7866",
      "source_url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
      "source_title": "INSEE — Populations légales 2023, Rennes (commune 35238)",
      "publisher": "INSEE",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-9e4adca7283f",
      "source_url": "https://api.insee.fr/melodi/file/DS_POPULATIONS_REFERENCE/DS_POPULATIONS_REFERENCE_2023_CSV_FR",
      "source_title": "INSEE — Populations de référence 2023 (Recensement de la population; DS_POPULATIONS_REFERENCE_2023)",
      "publisher": "Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (INSEE)",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-09-19"
    }
  ],
  "report": {
    "schema_version": "immigrationdb-generated-report-v1",
    "canonical_slug": "france-largest-cities",
    "canonical_path": "/reports/france-largest-cities/",
    "title": "Largest cities in France",
    "question": "Largest cities in France",
    "short_answer": "Paris, France has the highest population of the 30 cities compared: 2,103,778 people (FR official material for population_total, 2023-01-01).",
    "summary": "France cities ranked by their own published resident population.",
    "report_type": "data_driven_report",
    "scope": "city",
    "status": "accepted",
    "indexability": "indexable",
    "population_floor": 20000,
    "excluded_counts": {
      "population_floor": 1784
    },
    "not_advice_disclaimer": "This ranking is a source-backed reference. Read the source, geographic grain and observation date before comparing rows.",
    "methodology_id": "methodology-france-largest-cities-v1",
    "methodology": {
      "summary": "Every row is a published population observation, ranked highest first. The values were observed between 2023 and 2026. A place appears only when it publishes this exact metric, so an absent place means missing data rather than a low value. Only published cities with at least 20,000 residents and city-level observations qualify.",
      "formula": "population_total desc",
      "assumptions": [
        "Source definitions, geographic grain and observation period remain visible for every row."
      ],
      "exclusions": [
        "Supplemental sources, null values, incompatible units, rows without direct source URLs, places below the population floor, non-city observations and copied values are excluded."
      ],
      "source_policy": "Verified sources with direct URL and visible scope"
    },
    "freshness": {
      "last_checked": "2026-09-19",
      "status": "generated_from_current_reusable_facts",
      "field_dates_visible": true,
      "verified_at": "2026-09-19"
    },
    "rows": [
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:wikidata:Q90",
        "label": "Paris, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/paris/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 2103778,
        "value": 2103778,
        "value_display": "2,103,778 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-01-01",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-3515b2bf6244"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-3515b2bf6244",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/2011101?geo=COM-75056",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-18"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:geonames:2995469",
        "label": "Marseille, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/marseille/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 892391,
        "value": 892391,
        "value_display": "892,391 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-9be6027ecc60"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-9be6027ecc60",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/tableaux/8643952/COM/13055/popref2023_cc_popref.csv",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-08-05"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:geonames:2996944",
        "label": "Lyon, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/lyon/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 525314,
        "value": 525314,
        "value_display": "525,314 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-1e5dd7fe700b"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-1e5dd7fe700b",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/tableaux/8643952/COM/69123/popref2023_cc_popref.csv",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-08-05"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:insee5:31555",
        "label": "Toulouse, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/toulouse/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 514819,
        "value": 514819,
        "value_display": "514,819 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-01-01",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-797b4368b63b"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-797b4368b63b",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-31555",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-03"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:insee5:06088",
        "label": "Nice, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/nice/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 357737,
        "value": 357737,
        "value_display": "357,737 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-01-01",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-f79034cdb967"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-f79034cdb967",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-06088",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-03"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:insee5:44109",
        "label": "Nantes, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/nantes/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 327734,
        "value": 327734,
        "value_display": "327,734 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-01-01",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-72030e6f0753"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-72030e6f0753",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-44109",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-03"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:insee5:34172",
        "label": "Montpellier, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/montpellier/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 310240,
        "value": 310240,
        "value_display": "310,240 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-01-01",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-ea9b96f8675a"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-ea9b96f8675a",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-34172",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-03"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:insee5:67482",
        "label": "Strasbourg, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/strasbourg/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 293771,
        "value": 293771,
        "value_display": "293,771 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-01-01",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-314a71b475c6"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-314a71b475c6",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-67482",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-03"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:insee5:33063",
        "label": "Bordeaux, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/bordeaux/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 267991,
        "value": 267991,
        "value_display": "267,991 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-01-01",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-230948c2de7e"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-230948c2de7e",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-33063",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-03"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:insee5:59350",
        "label": "Lille, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/lille/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 238246,
        "value": 238246,
        "value_display": "238,246 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-01-01",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-51e8cd19ba5e"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-51e8cd19ba5e",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-59350",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-03"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:geonames:8533870",
        "label": "Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/saint-quentin-en-yvelines/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 237581,
        "value": 237581,
        "value_display": "237,581 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2026-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-8dcbb2100ff2"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-8dcbb2100ff2",
            "url": "https://www.banatic.interieur.gouv.fr/consultation/api/export/pregenere/telecharger/France",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-19"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:insee5:35238",
        "label": "Rennes, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/rennes/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 230890,
        "value": 230890,
        "value_display": "230,890 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-01-01",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-47d6550c7866"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-47d6550c7866",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-03"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:geonames:2970479",
        "label": "Paris 15 Vaugirard, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/paris-15-vaugirard/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 229713,
        "value": 229713,
        "value_display": "229,713 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-9e4adca7283f"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-9e4adca7283f",
            "url": "https://api.insee.fr/melodi/file/DS_POPULATIONS_REFERENCE/DS_POPULATIONS_REFERENCE_2023_CSV_FR",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-19"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:geonames:8555643",
        "label": "Cergy-Pontoise, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/cergy-pontoise/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 222099,
        "value": 222099,
        "value_display": "222,099 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2026-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-8dcbb2100ff2"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-8dcbb2100ff2",
            "url": "https://www.banatic.interieur.gouv.fr/consultation/api/export/pregenere/telecharger/France",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-19"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:geonames:2994540",
        "label": "Paris 20 Ménilmontant, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/paris-20-menilmontant/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 185140,
        "value": 185140,
        "value_display": "185,140 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-9e4adca7283f"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-9e4adca7283f",
            "url": "https://api.insee.fr/melodi/file/DS_POPULATIONS_REFERENCE/DS_POPULATIONS_REFERENCE_2023_CSV_FR",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-19"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:geonames:3029374",
        "label": "Paris 18 Buttes-Montmartre, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/paris-18-buttes-montmartre/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 183127,
        "value": 183127,
        "value_display": "183,127 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-9e4adca7283f"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-9e4adca7283f",
            "url": "https://api.insee.fr/melodi/file/DS_POPULATIONS_REFERENCE/DS_POPULATIONS_REFERENCE_2023_CSV_FR",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-19"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:geonames:3015772",
        "label": "Paris 13 Gobelins, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/paris-13-gobelins/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 181271,
        "value": 181271,
        "value_display": "181,271 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-9e4adca7283f"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-9e4adca7283f",
            "url": "https://api.insee.fr/melodi/file/DS_POPULATIONS_REFERENCE/DS_POPULATIONS_REFERENCE_2023_CSV_FR",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-19"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:insee5:83137",
        "label": "Toulon, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/toulon/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 179116,
        "value": 179116,
        "value_display": "179,116 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-01-01",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-f929289bb59a"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-f929289bb59a",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-03"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:geonames:3029372",
        "label": "Paris 19 Buttes-Chaumont, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/paris-19-buttes-chaumont/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 178691,
        "value": 178691,
        "value_display": "178,691 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-9e4adca7283f"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-9e4adca7283f",
            "url": "https://api.insee.fr/melodi/file/DS_POPULATIONS_REFERENCE/DS_POPULATIONS_REFERENCE_2023_CSV_FR",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-19"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:insee5:51454",
        "label": "Reims, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/reims/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 177674,
        "value": 177674,
        "value_display": "177,674 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-01-01",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-79da4fc4ea76"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-79da4fc4ea76",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-03"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:insee5:42218",
        "label": "Saint-Étienne, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/saint-etienne/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 173136,
        "value": 173136,
        "value_display": "173,136 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-01-01",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-fa0c708d77a7"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-fa0c708d77a7",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-26"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:insee5:76351",
        "label": "Le Havre, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/le-havre/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 166687,
        "value": 166687,
        "value_display": "166,687 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-01-01",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-d7d8a3d430a5"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-d7d8a3d430a5",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-03"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:insee5:69266",
        "label": "Villeurbanne, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/villeurbanne/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 163684,
        "value": 163684,
        "value_display": "163,684 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-01-01",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-6191684fefd8"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-6191684fefd8",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-03"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:insee5:21231",
        "label": "Dijon, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/dijon/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 161830,
        "value": 161830,
        "value_display": "161,830 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-01-01",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-a8eb0783140a"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-a8eb0783140a",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-03"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:geonames:2988394",
        "label": "Paris 16 Passy, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/paris-16-passy/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 159386,
        "value": 159386,
        "value_display": "159,386 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-9e4adca7283f"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-9e4adca7283f",
            "url": "https://api.insee.fr/melodi/file/DS_POPULATIONS_REFERENCE/DS_POPULATIONS_REFERENCE_2023_CSV_FR",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-19"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:geonames:3034610",
        "label": "Paris 17 Batignolles-Monceau, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/paris-17-batignolles-monceau/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 159212,
        "value": 159212,
        "value_display": "159,212 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-9e4adca7283f"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-9e4adca7283f",
            "url": "https://api.insee.fr/melodi/file/DS_POPULATIONS_REFERENCE/DS_POPULATIONS_REFERENCE_2023_CSV_FR",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-19"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:insee5:49007",
        "label": "Angers, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/angers/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 159022,
        "value": 159022,
        "value_display": "159,022 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-01-01",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-b83fb945eb39"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-b83fb945eb39",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-03"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:insee5:38185",
        "label": "Grenoble, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/grenoble/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 156140,
        "value": 156140,
        "value_display": "156,140 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-01-01",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-6caa728ceac2"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-6caa728ceac2",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-03"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:insee5:30189",
        "label": "Nîmes, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/nimes/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 151839,
        "value": 151839,
        "value_display": "151,839 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-01-01",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-fa0c708d77a7"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-fa0c708d77a7",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-26"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      },
      {
        "row_id": "france-largest-cities:city:fr:insee5:13001",
        "label": "Aix-en-Provence, France",
        "canonical_path": "/cities/fr/aix-en-provence/",
        "country_code": "FR",
        "population_total": 149695,
        "value": 149695,
        "value_display": "149,695 people",
        "unit": "people",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "source_locator": null,
        "observation_period": "2023-01-01",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "population_total",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-cdd5c1c27507"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-cdd5c1c27507",
            "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
            "locator": "population_total; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-09-03"
          }
        ],
        "reader_label": "Population",
        "label_owner_metric_id": "population_total",
        "reader_label_role": "primary"
      }
    ],
    "claims": [],
    "source_ledger": [
      {
        "source_id": "source-3515b2bf6244",
        "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/2011101?geo=COM-75056",
        "title": "FR official material for population_total",
        "publisher": "INSEE, Ville de Paris, FINESS and official French public authorities",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-07-18"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-9be6027ecc60",
        "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/tableaux/8643952/COM/13055/popref2023_cc_popref.csv",
        "title": "Insee",
        "publisher": "Insee",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-08-05"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-1e5dd7fe700b",
        "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/tableaux/8643952/COM/69123/popref2023_cc_popref.csv",
        "title": "Insee",
        "publisher": "Insee",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-08-05"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-797b4368b63b",
        "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-31555",
        "title": "INSEE — Populations de référence 2023, Toulouse (commune 31555)",
        "publisher": "INSEE",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-f79034cdb967",
        "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-06088",
        "title": "INSEE — Populations de référence 2023, Nice (commune 06088)",
        "publisher": "INSEE",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-72030e6f0753",
        "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-44109",
        "title": "INSEE — Populations de référence 2023, Nantes (commune 44109)",
        "publisher": "INSEE",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-ea9b96f8675a",
        "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-34172",
        "title": "INSEE — Populations de référence 2023, Montpellier (commune 34172)",
        "publisher": "INSEE",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-314a71b475c6",
        "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-67482",
        "title": "INSEE — Populations de référence 2023, Strasbourg (commune 67482)",
        "publisher": "INSEE",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-230948c2de7e",
        "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-33063",
        "title": "INSEE — Populations de référence 2023, Bordeaux (commune 33063)",
        "publisher": "INSEE",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-51e8cd19ba5e",
        "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-59350",
        "title": "INSEE — Populations de référence 2023, Lille (commune 59350)",
        "publisher": "INSEE",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-8dcbb2100ff2",
        "url": "https://www.banatic.interieur.gouv.fr/consultation/api/export/pregenere/telecharger/France",
        "title": "Base nationale sur les intercommunalités (BANATIC) — groupements de communes, Population totale (DGCL, ministère de l'Intérieur)",
        "publisher": "Direction générale des collectivités locales (DGCL), Ministère de l'Intérieur",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-09-19"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-47d6550c7866",
        "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
        "title": "INSEE — Populations légales 2023, Rennes (commune 35238)",
        "publisher": "INSEE",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-9e4adca7283f",
        "url": "https://api.insee.fr/melodi/file/DS_POPULATIONS_REFERENCE/DS_POPULATIONS_REFERENCE_2023_CSV_FR",
        "title": "INSEE — Populations de référence 2023 (Recensement de la population; DS_POPULATIONS_REFERENCE_2023)",
        "publisher": "Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (INSEE)",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-09-19"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-f929289bb59a",
        "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
        "title": "INSEE — Populations légales 2023, Toulon (commune 83137)",
        "publisher": "INSEE",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-79da4fc4ea76",
        "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
        "title": "INSEE — Populations légales 2023, Reims (commune 51454)",
        "publisher": "INSEE",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-fa0c708d77a7",
        "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
        "title": "INSEE populations légales 2023 par commune",
        "publisher": "INSEE",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-07-26"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-d7d8a3d430a5",
        "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
        "title": "INSEE — Populations légales 2023, Le Havre (commune 76351)",
        "publisher": "INSEE",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-6191684fefd8",
        "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
        "title": "INSEE — Populations légales 2023, Villeurbanne (commune 69266)",
        "publisher": "INSEE",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-a8eb0783140a",
        "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
        "title": "INSEE — Populations légales 2023, Dijon (commune 21231)",
        "publisher": "INSEE",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-b83fb945eb39",
        "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
        "title": "INSEE — Populations légales 2023, Angers (commune 49007)",
        "publisher": "INSEE",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-6caa728ceac2",
        "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
        "title": "INSEE — Populations légales 2023, Grenoble (commune 38185)",
        "publisher": "INSEE",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
      },
      {
        "source_id": "source-cdd5c1c27507",
        "url": "https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8680726/ensemble.zip",
        "title": "INSEE — Populations légales 2023, Aix-en-Provence (commune 13001)",
        "publisher": "INSEE",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "last_checked": "2026-09-03"
      }
    ],
    "meaning_audit": [
      "Compare the displayed value, unit, source date and geographic grain together.",
      "A city label does not change a regional observation into a city measurement."
    ],
    "blockers": [],
    "counts": {
      "rows_total": 30,
      "rows_accepted": 30,
      "rows_blocked": 0,
      "accepted_items": 30,
      "blocked_items": 0
    },
    "category": "demographics",
    "verified_at": "2026-09-19",
    "row_count": 30,
    "country_codes": [
      "FR"
    ]
  }
}
