{ "snapshot_id": "approved-static-c6015be852c3d22b", "page_version": "07edd63bd157dc7c481abad7ec03a97d", "content_date": "2026-09-29", "schema_version": "immigrationdb-report-dataset-v1", "generated_at": "2026-09-29", "citation": { "@type": "CreativeWork", "@id": "https://immigrationdb.com/reports/japan-cities-with-cleanest-air/#citation", "schema_version": "immigrationdb-citation-v1", "citation_type": "ImmigrationDB compilation", "canonical_url": "https://immigrationdb.com/reports/japan-cities-with-cleanest-air/", "title": "Cities with cleanest air in Japan", "author": { "name": "ImmigrationDB", "url": "https://immigrationdb.com/" }, "publisher": { "name": "ImmigrationDB", "url": "https://immigrationdb.com/" }, "snapshot_id": "approved-static-c6015be852c3d22b", "version": "07edd63bd157dc7c481abad7ec03a97d", "retrieval_date": "2026-09-29", "build_date": "2026-09-29", "compilation_license": { "name": "CC BY 4.0", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "terms_url": "https://immigrationdb.com/about/copyright/" }, "formats": { "apa": "ImmigrationDB. (2026, September 29). Cities with cleanest air in Japan [ImmigrationDB compilation; version 07edd63bd157dc7c481abad7ec03a97d]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/reports/japan-cities-with-cleanest-air/ Retrieved 2026-09-29. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "bibtex": "@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_cities-with-cleanest-air-in-japan_6b093b006664,\n author = {ImmigrationDB},\n title = {Cities with cleanest air in Japan},\n publisher = {ImmigrationDB},\n year = {2026},\n date = {2026-09-29},\n version = {07edd63bd157dc7c481abad7ec03a97d},\n url = {https://immigrationdb.com/reports/japan-cities-with-cleanest-air/},\n note = {Retrieved 2026-09-29. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},\n}", "markdown": "[Cities with cleanest air in Japan](https://immigrationdb.com/reports/japan-cities-with-cleanest-air/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; version 07edd63bd157dc7c481abad7ec03a97d; retrieved 2026-09-29; built 2026-09-29." }, "boundary_note": "This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately." }, "underlying_source_references": [ { "source_id": "source-104d1a1cc159", "source_url": "https://gis.nies.go.jp/arcgis/rest/services/full/atm_all/MapServer/206/query?where=measure_year+IN+%282021%2C2022%2C2023%29+AND+measure_material_code%3D%2712%27&outFields=%2A&returnGeometry=true&outSR=4326&f=json&resultOffset=0&resultRecordCount=2000", "source_title": "NIES monthly PM2.5 station means annualized to calendar 2023", "publisher": "National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan (NIES)", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-09-23" }, { "source_id": "source-12ce7f6f442e", "source_url": "https://www.env.go.jp/content/000377910.pdf", "source_title": "MOE Japan Air Pollution Monitoring Report FY2023 — 那須塩原市", "publisher": "Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-09-03" }, { "source_id": "source-2f88d0251edf", "source_url": "https://tenbou.nies.go.jp/download/", "source_title": "tenbou.nies.go.jp", "publisher": "tenbou.nies.go.jp", "source_quality": "verified", "last_checked": "2026-08-26" } ], "report": { "schema_version": "immigrationdb-generated-report-v1", "canonical_slug": "japan-cities-with-cleanest-air", "canonical_path": "/reports/japan-cities-with-cleanest-air/", "title": "Cities with cleanest air in Japan", "question": "Cities with cleanest air in Japan", "short_answer": "揖斐郡池田町, Japan has the lowest pm2.5 — annual mean of the 30 cities compared: 3.93 µg/m³ (NIES monthly PM2.5 station means annualized to calendar 2023, 2023-12-31).", "summary": "Japan cities ranked by annual PM2.5 concentration, not by current readings.", "report_type": "data_driven_report", "scope": "city", "status": "accepted", "indexability": "indexable", "population_floor": 20000, "excluded_counts": { "population_floor": 758 }, "not_advice_disclaimer": "This ranking is a source-backed reference. Read the source, geographic grain and observation date before comparing rows.", "methodology_id": "methodology-japan-cities-with-cleanest-air-v1", "methodology": { "summary": "Every row is a published pm2.5 — annual mean observation measured in µg/m³, ranked lowest first. The values were observed between 2023 and 2024. A place appears only when it publishes this exact metric, so an absent place means missing data rather than a low value. Only published cities with at least 20,000 residents and city-level observations qualify.", "formula": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3 asc", "assumptions": [ "Source definitions, geographic grain and observation period remain visible for every row." ], "exclusions": [ "Supplemental sources, null values, incompatible units, rows without direct source URLs, places below the population floor, non-city observations and copied values are excluded." ], "source_policy": "Verified sources with direct URL and visible scope" }, "freshness": { "last_checked": "2026-09-23", "status": "generated_from_current_reusable_facts", "field_dates_visible": true, "verified_at": "2026-09-23" }, "rows": [ { "row_id": "japan-cities-with-cleanest-air:city:jp:jis:214043", "label": "揖斐郡池田町, Japan", "canonical_path": "/cities/jp/ibikooriiketamachi/", "country_code": "JP", "population_total": 23360, "value": 3.93461537033647, "value_display": "3.93 µg/m³", "unit": "µg/m³", "geographic_grain": "nearest_station", 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