{ "snapshot_id": "approved-static-99827d02fde8c07a", "schema_version": "immigrationdb-report-dataset-v1", "generated_at": "2026-07-16", "report": { "schema_version": "immigrationdb-generated-report-v1", "canonical_slug": "major-cities-highest-modelled-annual-precipitation", "canonical_path": "/reports/major-cities-highest-modelled-annual-precipitation/", "title": "Major cities with the highest modelled annual precipitation", "question": "Major cities with the highest modelled annual precipitation", "short_answer": "Bergen, Norway is first in the current published ranking at 2,717.46 mm/year; compare its source date and geographic grain before using the result.", "summary": "Annual precipitation is derived from the NASA POWER climatological daily rate × 365.25. It is not a rainy-day count.", "report_type": "data_driven_report", "scope": "multi-country city-coordinate grid", "status": "accepted", "indexability": "indexable", "not_advice_disclaimer": "This ranking is a source-backed reference. Read the source, geographic grain and observation date before comparing rows.", "methodology_id": "methodology-major-cities-highest-modelled-annual-precipitation-v1", "methodology": { "summary": "Use the compatible published metric climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm, keep one machine-readable unit family with direct source URLs, and sort descending.", "formula": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm desc", "assumptions": [ "Source definitions, geographic grain and observation period remain visible for every row." ], "exclusions": [ "Supplemental sources, null values, incompatible units and rows without direct source URLs are excluded." ], "source_policy": "Verified sources with direct URL and visible scope" }, "freshness": { "last_checked": "2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z", "status": "generated_from_current_reusable_facts", "field_dates_visible": true }, "rows": [ { "row_id": "major-cities-highest-modelled-annual-precipitation:city:no:slug:bergen", "label": "Bergen, Norway", "country_code": "NO", "value": 2717.46, "value_display": "2,717.46 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city_coordinate_grid", "observation_period": "2001-2020", "derivation": "PRECTOTCORR ANN (mm/day) × 365.25", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020", "url": "https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE¶meters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=5.324150&latitude=60.392990&format=JSON", "locator": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm; geographic grain: city_coordinate_grid", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z" } ] }, { "row_id": "major-cities-highest-modelled-annual-precipitation:city:jp:jis:271004", "label": "大阪市, Japan", "country_code": "JP", "value": 1753.2, "value_display": "1,753.2 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city_coordinate_grid", "observation_period": "2001-2020", "derivation": "PRECTOTCORR ANN (mm/day) × 365.25", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020", "url": "https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE¶meters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=135.501070&latitude=34.693790&format=JSON", "locator": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm; geographic grain: city_coordinate_grid", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z" } ] }, { "row_id": "major-cities-highest-modelled-annual-precipitation:city:jp:jis:231002", "label": "名古屋市, Japan", "country_code": "JP", "value": 1742.242, "value_display": "1,742.242 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city_coordinate_grid", "observation_period": "2001-2020", "derivation": "PRECTOTCORR ANN (mm/day) × 365.25", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020", "url": "https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE¶meters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=136.906400&latitude=35.181470&format=JSON", "locator": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm; geographic grain: city_coordinate_grid", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z" } ] }, { "row_id": "major-cities-highest-modelled-annual-precipitation:city:jp:jis:141003", "label": "横浜市, Japan", "country_code": "JP", "value": 1636.32, "value_display": "1,636.32 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city_coordinate_grid", "observation_period": "2001-2020", "derivation": "PRECTOTCORR ANN (mm/day) × 365.25", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020", "url": "https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE¶meters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=139.650000&latitude=35.433330&format=JSON", "locator": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm; geographic grain: city_coordinate_grid", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z" } ] }, { "row_id": "major-cities-highest-modelled-annual-precipitation:city:no:slug:trondheim", "label": "Trondheim, Norway", "country_code": "NO", "value": 1482.915, "value_display": "1,482.915 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city_coordinate_grid", "observation_period": "2001-2020", "derivation": "PRECTOTCORR ANN (mm/day) × 365.25", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020", "url": "https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE¶meters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=10.395060&latitude=63.430490&format=JSON", "locator": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm; geographic grain: city_coordinate_grid", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z" } ] }, { "row_id": "major-cities-highest-modelled-annual-precipitation:us-place-3651000", "label": "New York, United States", "country_code": "US", "value": 1311.247, "value_display": "1,311.247 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city_coordinate_grid", "observation_period": "2001-2020", "derivation": "PRECTOTCORR ANN (mm/day) × 365.25", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020", "url": "https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE¶meters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=-74.005970&latitude=40.714270&format=JSON", "locator": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm; geographic grain: city_coordinate_grid", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z" } ] }, { "row_id": "major-cities-highest-modelled-annual-precipitation:city:ie:wikidata:Q12994", "label": "Cork, Ireland", "country_code": "IE", "value": 1198.02, "value_display": "1,198.02 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city_coordinate_grid", "observation_period": "2001-2020", "derivation": "PRECTOTCORR ANN (mm/day) × 365.25", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020", "url": "https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE¶meters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=-8.470610&latitude=51.897970&format=JSON", "locator": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm; geographic grain: city_coordinate_grid", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z" } ] }, { "row_id": "major-cities-highest-modelled-annual-precipitation:city:de:slug:munich", "label": "Munich, Germany", "country_code": "DE", "value": 1132.275, "value_display": "1,132.275 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city_coordinate_grid", "observation_period": "2001-2020", "derivation": "PRECTOTCORR ANN (mm/day) × 365.25", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020", "url": "https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE¶meters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=11.575490&latitude=48.137430&format=JSON", "locator": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm; geographic grain: city_coordinate_grid", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z" } ] }, { "row_id": "major-cities-highest-modelled-annual-precipitation:city:ie:wikidata:Q1723", "label": "Limerick, Ireland", "country_code": "IE", "value": 1092.098, "value_display": "1,092.098 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city_coordinate_grid", "observation_period": "2001-2020", "derivation": "PRECTOTCORR ANN (mm/day) × 365.25", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020", "url": "https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE¶meters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=-8.623060&latitude=52.664720&format=JSON", "locator": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm; 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geographic grain: city_coordinate_grid", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z" } ] }, { "row_id": "major-cities-highest-modelled-annual-precipitation:city:se:wikidata:Q25713", "label": "Göteborg, Sweden", "country_code": "SE", "value": 1033.658, "value_display": "1,033.658 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city_coordinate_grid", "observation_period": "2001-2020", "derivation": "PRECTOTCORR ANN (mm/day) × 365.25", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020", "url": "https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE¶meters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=11.974600&latitude=57.708900&format=JSON", "locator": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm; geographic grain: city_coordinate_grid", "retrieved_at": "2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z" } ] }, { "row_id": "major-cities-highest-modelled-annual-precipitation:city:pt:wikidata:Q191135", "label": "Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal", "country_code": "PT", "value": 1008.09, "value_display": "1,008.09 mm/year", "unit": "mm/year", "geographic_grain": "city_coordinate_grid", "observation_period": "2001-2020", "derivation": "PRECTOTCORR ANN (mm/day) × 365.25", "status": "accepted", "metric_id": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm", "source_quality": "verified", "source_ids": [ "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020" ], "evidence": [ { "source_id": "nasa_power_climatology_2001_2020", "url": "https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE¶meters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=-8.612410&latitude=41.124010&format=JSON", "locator": "climate_grid_annual_precipitation_mm; 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