# Major cities with the highest modelled solar exposure

Snapshot: approved-static-99827d02fde8c07a

NASA POWER annual mean daily surface shortwave energy in kWh/m²/day. This is a consistent solar-exposure metric and is not relabelled as sunny days.

- Canonical: /reports/major-cities-highest-modelled-solar-exposure/
- Last checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

## Answers

### Los Angeles, United States

5.6455 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=-118.243680&latitude=34.052230&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Lisbon, Portugal

4.7974 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=-9.149800&latitude=38.725090&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Sintra, Portugal

4.7974 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=-9.378260&latitude=38.800970&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Madrid, Spain

4.7033 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=-3.702560&latitude=40.416500&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Valencia, Spain

4.6558 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=-0.379660&latitude=39.473910&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Nîmes, France

4.4086 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=4.357880&latitude=43.836650&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal

4.3932 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=-8.612410&latitude=41.124010&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Barcelona, Spain

4.3752 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=2.158990&latitude=41.388790&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Genova, Italy

3.9382 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=8.944390&latitude=44.404780&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### New York, United States

3.9206 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=-74.005970&latitude=40.714270&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Varna, Bulgaria

3.9173 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=27.910240&latitude=43.219120&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Plovdiv, Bulgaria

3.8885 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=24.750010&latitude=42.153870&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### 横浜市, Japan

3.8873 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=139.650000&latitude=35.433330&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### 大阪市, Japan

3.8602 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=135.501070&latitude=34.693790&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Chicago, United States

3.8441 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=-87.650050&latitude=41.850030&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Sofia, Bulgaria

3.8436 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=23.324150&latitude=42.697510&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Bucharest, Romania

3.8287 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=26.106260&latitude=44.432250&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Milano, Italy

3.7834 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=9.189510&latitude=45.464270&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Saint-Étienne, France

3.7445 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=4.390000&latitude=45.433890&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### 名古屋市, Japan

3.7332 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=136.906400&latitude=35.181470&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Torino, Italy

3.7174 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=7.686820&latitude=45.070490&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Toronto, Canada

3.6518 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=-79.398640&latitude=43.706430&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Montreal, Canada

3.5424 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=-73.587810&latitude=45.508840&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Iași, Romania

3.5309 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=27.600000&latitude=47.166670&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Cluj-Napoca, Romania

3.509 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=23.600000&latitude=46.766670&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Calgary, Canada

3.5086 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=-114.085290&latitude=51.050110&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Wien, Austria

3.2916 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=16.372080&latitude=48.208490&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Munich, Germany

3.2539 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=11.575490&latitude=48.137430&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Graz, Austria

3.2357 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=15.441970&latitude=47.067330&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

### Linz, Austria

3.2066 kWh/m²/day
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M%2CT2M_MAX%2CT2M_MIN%2CPRECTOTCORR%2CALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=14.286110&latitude=48.306390&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-07-16T06:53:07.287Z

## Method

Use the compatible published metric climate_grid_solar_exposure_kwh_m2_day, keep one machine-readable unit family with direct source URLs, and sort descending.

## Boundary

This ranking is a source-backed reference. Read the source, geographic grain and observation date before comparing rows.