# Permanent residence routes by country Snapshot: approved-static-6fbe9b847dfeb5d6 Current permanent-residence pathways by destination, without inferring eligibility across countries. - Canonical: /reports/permanent-residence-routes-by-country/ - Last checked: 2026-07-15 ## Answers ### Australia AU permanent_residence — Requirements: Fees: Official Pricing Estimator Present; Purpose: permanent residence after qualifying regional provisional residence and work; Dependants: Family Unit Can Be Included; Family Unit Can Be Added Before Decision; Processing: Guide Only; Case By Case; Official Processing Time Guide; Eligibility: Eligible Visa Classes: 491; 494; Ato Notice Window Years: 5; Ato Notices Income Years: 3; Eligible Visa Held Years: 3; Visa Condition Compliance Required; Designated Regional Residence And Work; Work Rights: Allowed; Study Allowed; Geographic Scope: Australia; Renewability: Permanent Status; Travel After 5 Year Component Requires Resident Return Visa; Duration Validity: Permanent; Stay Indefinitely; Travel Component Years: 5; Settlement Or Citizenship Progression: Citizenship If Eligible Stated; Permanent Residence Start Rule Stated - Source: https://immi.homeaffairs.gov.au/visas/getting-a-visa/visa-listing/skilled-regional-191/regional-provisional - Checked: 2026-07-13 ### Austria Long-term Resident - EU — Route scope: The residence title may be granted to third-country nationals who have been entitled to reside in Austria for the last five years without interruption, meet the general requirements and have completed Module 2 of the Integration Agreement. - Source: https://www.migration.gv.at/en/types-of-immigration/permanent-immigration/other-forms-of-settlement/ - Checked: 2026-07-13 ### Bulgaria BG permanent_residence — Requirements: Authority: Migration Directorate, Ministry of Interior; Residence Layer: permanent residence; Qualifying Period Years: 5 - Source: https://www.mvr.bg/migration/en/legislation/citizens-of-eu - Checked: 2026-07-13 ### Canada CA permanent_residence — Route scope: IRCC permanent-residence program family including work-based, regional, family, refugee and special programs. - Source: https://www.canada.ca/en/immigration-refugees-citizenship/services/immigrate-canada.html - Checked: 2026-07-13 ### Croatia HR permanent_residence — Requirements: Route Exists; Eligibility Note: Official MVEP page lists permanent residence categories and qualifying prior temporary-stay periods; exact eligibility depends on the applicant category.; Source Page Language: English - Source: https://mvep.gov.hr/consular-information-147214/stay-of-aliens-180412/180412 - Checked: 2026-07-13 ### Cyprus CY permanent_residence — Requirements: Residence Layer: long-term resident status; Qualifying Period Years: 5; Initial Permit Validity Years: 5 - Source: https://www.gov.cy/mip-md/en/documents/acquisition-of-the-status-of-long-term-resident-in-the-republic-2/ - Checked: 2026-07-13 ### Czechia CZ permanent_residence — Route scope: Czech permanent residence route, including the general information page and the route after at least five years of continuous residence. - Source: https://ipc.gov.cz/en/visa-and-residence-permit-types/third-country-nationals/permanent-residence/permanent-residence-general-information/ - Checked: 2026-07-14 ### Denmark Permanent residence permit in Denmark — Requirements: Route Subject: holder of a temporary residence permit; Residence Layer: permanent residence permit; Ordinary Residence Period Years: 8; Shorter Period In Some Situations Years: 4 - Source: https://www.nyidanmark.dk/en-GB/You-want-to-apply/Permanent-residence-permit/Permanent-residence - Checked: 2026-07-13 ### Estonia Long-term residence permit — Route scope: See the linked official authority page for the current requirements. - Source: https://workinestonia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/relocation-guide.pdf - Checked: 2026-07-14 ### Finland Finland permanent residence permit and P-EU permit — Route scope: See the linked official authority page for the current requirements. - Source: https://migri.fi/en/permanent-residence-permits - Checked: 2026-07-14 ### France permanent residence — Route scope: France has a permanent-resident card route; Service-Public lists the carte de résident permanent among residence documents and provides the linked eligibility procedure. - Source: https://www.service-public.fr/particuliers/vosdroits/F35495/3_1_1_5_0_1?idFicheParent=N110%2F - Checked: 2026-07-15 ### Germany DE permanent_residence — Documents: Settlement Permit: indefinite German residence title; general skilled-worker route uses Section 18c conditions; Self Employed Fast Path Years: 3; Permanent Eu Residence Language: B1 German stated by BAMF general route page; General Skilled Worker Residence Years: 3; Permanent Eu Residence Minimum Legal Residence Years: 5 - Source: https://www.make-it-in-germany.com/en/visa-residence/living-permanently/settlement-permit - Checked: 2026-07-13 ### Greece GR permanent_residence — Requirements: Long-term residence permit; indefinite-term residence permit; ten-year residence permit - Source: https://migration.gov.gr/en/migration-policy/metanasteusi-stin-ellada/katigories-adeion-diamonis-politon-triton-choron-dikaiologitika%E2%80%8B/ - Checked: 2026-07-14 ### Iceland Permanent residence permit — Route scope: See the linked official authority page for the current requirements. - Source: https://island.is/en/permanent-residence-permit/requirements - Checked: 2026-07-14 ### Ireland Ireland Long Term Residency permission — Route scope: See the linked official authority page for the current requirements. - Source: https://www.irishimmigration.ie/my-situation-has-changed-since-i-arrived-in-ireland/long-term-residency/ - Checked: 2026-07-14 ### Italy EU long-term resident permit (permesso CE per soggiornanti di lungo periodo), Article 9 route — Route scope: See the linked official authority page for the current requirements. - Source: https://libertaciviliimmigrazione.dlci.interno.gov.it/test-di-conoscenza-della-lingua-italiana - Checked: 2026-07-14 ### Latvia LV permanent_residence — Requirements: Exceptions Explicit; Official Language Level: A2; Permanent Living Required; Means Of Sustenance Required; Temporary Residence Required Years: 5 - Source: https://www.pmlp.gov.lv/en/article/residence-permits-what-are-their-types - Checked: 2026-07-13 ### Lithuania Permanent residence permit — Route scope: The Migration Department provides a distinct permanent residence permit route and explains the application questions and qualifying residence situations. The route is recorded without extending the source into passport-specific rules; exact eligibility depends on the applicable statutory ground and the applicant's facts. - Source: https://www.migracija.lt/en/how-do-i-get-a-permanent-residence-permit - Checked: 2026-07-13 ### Luxembourg Long-term resident status for third-country nationals — Route scope: See the linked official authority page for the current requirements. - Source: https://guichet.public.lu/en/citoyens/immigration/plus-3-mois/ressortissant-tiers/sejour-5-ans/statut-resident-longue-duree-ressortissant-pays-tiers.html - Checked: 2026-07-14 ### Malta Malta Permanent Residence Programme (MPRP) — Requirements: Programme: Malta Permanent Residence Programme; Route Subject: third-country national main applicant and family dependants; Residence Certificate: does not expire while obligations are met; Residence Card Validity Years: 5 - Source: https://residencymalta.gov.mt/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/MPRP-FAQs-V2.6.5.pdf - Checked: 2026-07-13 ### Netherlands NL permanent_residence — Requirements: Continuity: valid Dutch residence permit for at least 5 consecutive years; Main Residence: main residence in the Netherlands during the period; Current Purpose: valid residence permit for a non-temporary purpose; Permit End Date: permanent residence permit has no end date; residence document is valid for 5 years and renewable; Qualifying Residence Period Years: 5 - Source: https://ind.nl/en/replace-extend-renew-and-change/permanent-residency/permanent-residence-permit - Checked: 2026-07-13 ### Norway Norway permanent residence permit — Route scope: Norway has an official permanent residence permit route for eligible people already residing in Norway; it allows indefinite stay and work. - Source: https://www.udi.no/en/want-to-apply/permanent-residence/ - Checked: 2026-07-13 ### Portugal PT permanent_residence — Requirements: Criminal Condition: no sentence or sentences exceeding one year in the last five years, subject to the stated exceptions; Authorization Validity: no validity limit; Basic Portuguese Required; Card Renewal Period Years: 5; Means Of Subsistence Required; Temporary Residence Required Years: 5; Tax And Social Security Compliance Required - Source: https://aima.gov.pt/pt/viver/autorizacao-de-residencia-permanente-art-80-o - Checked: 2026-07-13 ### Romania Long-term residence — Route scope: The official IGI page describes the long-term residence route and conditions, including continuous residence and required documents. - Source: https://igi.mai.gov.ro/en/long-term-residence-in-romania/ - Checked: 2026-07-13 ### Saudi Arabia Unlimited Duration Premium Residency — Route scope: See the linked official authority page for the current requirements. - Source: https://pr.gov.sa/product-details-limited-unlimited - Checked: 2026-07-13 ### Slovakia Permanent residence for five years, unlimited duration or long-term residence — Route scope: See the linked official authority page for the current requirements. - Source: https://www.minv.sk/swift_data/source/policia/hranicna_a_cudzinecka_policia/pravne_predpisy/404-ACT-Of-21-October-2011-On-Residence-of-Foreigners-and-Amendment-and-Supplementation-of-Certain-Acts.pdf - Checked: 2026-07-13 ### Slovenia Permanent residence permit — Route scope: Terms and conditions for issuing permanent residence permit - Source: https://infotujci.si/en/terms-and-conditions-for-issuing-permanent-residence-permit/ - Checked: 2026-07-14 ### South Korea KR permanent_residence — Documents: Route Code: F-5; Route Name: Permanent Resident; Employment Scope: no restrictions on employment or profit-making activities according to the classification of status of stay; Eligibility Examples: general permanent residents staying in Korea for more than 5 years; spouse or underage children of a national; high-amount investors; point system permanent residents; investors in technology startups - Source: https://www.immigration.go.kr/bbs/immigration_eng/230/454085/download.do - Checked: 2026-07-13 ### Spain ES permanent residence — Route scope: Spain offers national long-term residence authorization permitting indefinite residence and work under the same conditions as Spaniards; standard path requires five years of legal and continuous residence, subject to statutory exceptions. - Source: https://www.inclusion.gob.es/en/web/migraciones/w/49.-autorizacion-de-residencia-de-larga-duracion-nacional - Checked: 2026-07-15 ### Sweden SE permanent_residence — Requirements: Validity: unlimited while resident in Sweden, subject to revocation rules; Good Conduct Required; Usual Application Point: with extension application for current permit; Prior Residence Permit Period: required for a certain period; exact period depends on current permit type; Financial Maintenance Required; Revocation Possible If No Longer Resident - Source: https://www.migrationsverket.se/en/you-want-to-apply/permanent-residence-permit.html - Checked: 2026-07-13 ### United Kingdom Indefinite Leave to Remain / settlement — Eligibility: route-specific eligibility; usually 5 years of lawful residence and work for work-route applicants; some routes have different periods - Source: https://www.gov.uk/indefinite-leave-to-remain - Checked: 2026-07-15 ### United States US permanent_residence — Route scope: Lawful permanent residence (Green Card) through USCIS-listed family, employment, investor, special immigrant, refugee/asylee and other eligibility categories. - Source: https://www.uscis.gov/green-card/green-card-eligibility-categories - Checked: 2026-07-13 ## Method Select current sourced routes in the permanent_residence family, keep one route per destination, publish available conditions and link the responsible authority. ## Boundary This report is a route directory, not an eligibility decision or legal advice. Verify the linked authority before applying.