{
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  "generated_at": "2026-09-12",
  "citation": {
    "@type": "CreativeWork",
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    "title": "Public employment services by country",
    "author": {
      "name": "ImmigrationDB",
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    },
    "publisher": {
      "name": "ImmigrationDB",
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    "compilation_license": {
      "name": "CC BY 4.0",
      "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
      "terms_url": "https://immigrationdb.com/about/copyright/"
    },
    "formats": {
      "apa": "ImmigrationDB. (2026, September 12). Public employment services by country [ImmigrationDB compilation; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/reports/public-employment-services/ Retrieved 2026-09-12. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
      "bibtex": "@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_public-employment-services-by-country_637262633d74,\n  author = {ImmigrationDB},\n  title = {Public employment services by country},\n  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},\n  year = {2026},\n  date = {2026-09-12},\n  version = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},\n  snapshot = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},\n  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/reports/public-employment-services/},\n  note = {Retrieved 2026-09-12. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},\n}",
      "markdown": "[Public employment services by country](https://immigrationdb.com/reports/public-employment-services/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; retrieved 2026-09-12; built 2026-09-12."
    },
    "boundary_note": "This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately."
  },
  "underlying_source_references": [
    {
      "source_id": "source-32b8cc524aed",
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      "source_title": "Workforce Australia",
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    {
      "source_id": "source-86c00a502518",
      "source_url": "https://www.ams.at/regionen/osterreichweit/geschaeftsstellen/oesterreich-office",
      "source_title": "Arbeitsmarktservice Österreich",
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    },
    {
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      "source_title": "Actiris",
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      "last_checked": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-bf21bd63d20e",
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      "source_title": "Le Forem",
      "publisher": "Le Forem Walloon public employment and training service",
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    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-1354f995e2a4",
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      "publisher": "Vlaamse Dienst voor Arbeidsbemiddeling en Beroepsopleiding",
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    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-24602e20f038",
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      "last_checked": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-dc23c534becb",
      "source_url": "https://jobbank-guichetemplois.service.canada.ca/Resource_Sheet/Resource_Sheet-What_is_Job_Bank-English.pdf",
      "source_title": "Job Bank and public employment services",
      "publisher": "Government of Canada",
      "source_quality": "verified",
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    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-893059a9a13d",
      "source_url": "https://www.hzz.hr/en/",
      "source_title": "Croatian Employment Service",
      "publisher": "Hrvatski zavod za zapošljavanje (HZZ)",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-bbbc1081bbe1",
      "source_url": "https://www.mlsi.gov.cy/mlsi/dl/dl.nsf/page1c_en/page1c_en",
      "source_title": "Public Employment Service Cyprus",
      "publisher": "Department of Labour, Republic of Cyprus",
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    },
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      "source_id": "source-3f8d247a7215",
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      "source_id": "source-c6b32b4ee688",
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      "publisher": "Danish Agency for Labour Market and Recruitment (STAR)",
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      "source_title": "Eesti Töötukassa",
      "publisher": "Estonian Unemployment Insurance Fund",
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    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-5253e4a2c566",
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      "source_id": "source-8bd70e6adeac",
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    },
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    },
    {
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      "source_title": "Intreo employment service",
      "publisher": "Department of Social Protection, Ireland",
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      "source_title": "Centri per l'impiego",
      "publisher": "Italian public employment services / regional employment centres",
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    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-fdf39cefa9a9",
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      "publisher": "Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan",
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    {
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      "source_url": "https://eures.europa.eu/living-and-working/living-and-working-conditions-europe/living-and-working-conditions-latvia_en",
      "source_title": "State Employment Agency",
      "publisher": "Nodarbinātības valsts aģentūra (NVA)",
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      "last_checked": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
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      "source_url": "https://www.eures.ee/sites/eures.ee/files/2025-04/Living-and-Working-in-Lithuania_naujas.pdf",
      "source_title": "Employment Service of Lithuania",
      "publisher": "Užimtumo tarnyba prie Lietuvos Respublikos socialinės apsaugos ir darbo ministerijos",
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    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-4008cd25f574",
      "source_url": "https://adem.public.lu/en.html",
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      "publisher": "Agence pour le développement de l'emploi (ADEM)",
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      "source_id": "source-5bc1ff0db257",
      "source_url": "https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/service/contact/contactgids/u/uitvoeringsinstituut-werknemersverzekeringen-uwv",
      "source_title": "UWV public employment service",
      "publisher": "Uitvoeringsinstituut Werknemersverzekeringen (UWV)",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-08-11"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-8d596f30f29e",
      "source_url": "https://www.workandincome.govt.nz/",
      "source_title": "Work and Income employment service",
      "publisher": "Ministry of Social Development, New Zealand",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-340af9e79ad0",
      "source_url": "https://arbeidsplassen.nav.no/en/work-in-norway/finding-a-job",
      "source_title": "NAV employment service",
      "publisher": "Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration (NAV)",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-1bd71e24178a",
      "source_url": "https://www.gov.pl/web/gov/praca-portal-uslugowy-i-portal-informacyjny",
      "source_title": "Public Employment Services Poland",
      "publisher": "Ministry of Family, Labour and Social Policy / public employment offices",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-ce32a85e2257",
      "source_url": "https://www.iefp.pt/inscricao-para-emprego?tab=procura-ativa-de-emprego",
      "source_title": "Instituto do Emprego e Formação Profissional",
      "publisher": "Instituto do Emprego e Formação Profissional (IEFP)",
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    },
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      "source_url": "https://serviciipublice.gov.ro/serviciu/inregistrarea-ca-persoana-aflata-in-cautarea-unui-loc-de-munca",
      "source_title": "National Agency for Employment",
      "publisher": "Agenția Națională pentru Ocuparea Forței de Muncă (ANOFM)",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-acaac86b167c",
      "source_url": "https://www.hrsd.gov.sa/en/ministry/about-ministry/jobs",
      "source_title": "Jadarat employment platform",
      "publisher": "Human Resources Development Fund / Saudi public employment support",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-89d81c65c635",
      "source_url": "https://www.upsvr.gov.sk/sluzby-zamestnanosti.html?lang=sk&page_id=213",
      "source_title": "Central Office of Labour, Social Affairs and Family",
      "publisher": "Ústredie práce, sociálnych vecí a rodiny",
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      "last_checked": "2026-08-12"
    },
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      "source_title": "Employment Service of Slovenia",
      "publisher": "Zavod Republike Slovenije za zaposlovanje (ESS)",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-89e71b21fb7f",
      "source_url": "https://www.work24.go.kr/cm/main.do",
      "source_title": "Work24 public employment service",
      "publisher": "Ministry of Employment and Labor, Republic of Korea",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-6f684f13b75a",
      "source_url": "https://www.sepe.es/HomeSepe/en/",
      "source_title": "Servicio Público de Empleo Estatal",
      "publisher": "Servicio Público de Empleo Estatal (SEPE)",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-5264dcd6213e",
      "source_url": "https://arbetsformedlingen.se/other-languages/english-engelska",
      "source_title": "Arbetsförmedlingen",
      "publisher": "Swedish Public Employment Service",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-022373ad6d98",
      "source_url": "https://www.arbeit.swiss/en",
      "source_title": "arbeit.swiss",
      "publisher": "State Secretariat for Economic Affairs / public employment service",
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      "last_checked": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-6e3a1dac8035",
      "source_url": "https://u.ae/en/information-and-services/jobs",
      "source_title": "MOHRE employment services",
      "publisher": "Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-004e56a74739",
      "source_url": "https://www.gov.uk/contact-jobcentre-plus",
      "source_title": "Jobcentre Plus",
      "publisher": "Department for Work and Pensions",
      "source_quality": "verified",
      "last_checked": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "source_id": "source-ed70f28ffb74",
      "source_url": "https://www.usa.gov/job-help",
      "source_title": "American Job Centers",
      "publisher": "U.S. Department of Labor Employment and Training Administration",
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    "schema_version": "immigrationdb-life-layer-directory-report-v1",
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    "canonical_path": "/reports/public-employment-services/",
    "title": "Public employment services by country",
    "question": "Public employment services by country",
    "short_answer": "37 of 39 current destination countries have source-backed records in this directory. Use the exact status, conditions and official link for the country you are considering.",
    "summary": "Official public employment services, registration and job-search routes for newcomers, without treating private recruiters or unverified local offices as national coverage.",
    "category": "work",
    "report_type": "data_driven_report",
    "scope": "multi_country",
    "status": "accepted",
    "indexability": "indexable",
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      "summary": "Include current national or online public employment services with a direct official route; exact city offices remain separate city-level records.",
      "assumptions": [
        "Only current verified records with a direct official URL are included."
      ],
      "exclusions": [
        "Missing countries and unsupported statuses are not inferred.",
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      "source_policy": "Current official verified records with direct URLs"
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      "last_checked": "2026-08-12",
      "status": "generated_from_current_canonical_records",
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      "verified_at": "2026-08-12"
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        "label_owner_metric_id": null,
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      },
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        "registration_url": null,
        "job_search_url": "https://www.actiris.brussels/en/citizens/",
        "information_url": "https://www.actiris.brussels/en/",
        "label_owner_metric_id": null,
        "reader_label_role": "metric"
      },
      {
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        "label": "Belgium — Le Forem",
        "country_code": "BE",
        "value": "job_search, registration",
        "value_display": "Job Search, Registration",
        "unit": "service directory",
        "geographic_grain": "national",
        "observation_period": null,
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        ],
        "registration_url": "https://www.leforem.be/citoyens/inscription-accompagnement-chercheur-emploi.html",
        "job_search_url": "https://www.leforem.be/citoyens.html",
        "information_url": "https://www.leforem.be/",
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        "reader_label_role": "metric"
      },
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        "country_code": "BE",
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        "value_display": "Job Search, Registration, Training",
        "unit": "service directory",
        "geographic_grain": "national",
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        "evidence": [
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            "title": "VDAB",
            "publisher": "Vlaamse Dienst voor Arbeidsbemiddeling en Beroepsopleiding",
            "source_quality": "verified",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-08-10"
          }
        ],
        "registration_url": "https://www.vdab.be/registratie/?registratieType=ACCOUNT",
        "job_search_url": "https://www.vdab.be/vindeenjob",
        "information_url": "https://www.vdab.be/",
        "label_owner_metric_id": null,
        "reader_label_role": "metric"
      },
      {
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