{
  "snapshot_id": "approved-static-d14fc7f7502430cd",
  "schema_version": "immigrationdb-report-dataset-v1",
  "generated_at": "2026-07-22",
  "report": {
    "schema_version": "immigrationdb-generated-report-v1",
    "canonical_slug": "south-korea-lowest-pm25",
    "canonical_path": "/reports/south-korea-lowest-pm25/",
    "title": "South Korean cities with the lowest annual PM2.5",
    "question": "South Korean cities with the lowest annual PM2.5",
    "short_answer": "사천시, South Korea is first in the current published ranking at 10 µg/m³; compare its source date and geographic grain before using the result.",
    "summary": "South Korean city observations ranked by official annual PM2.5 concentration without mixing current readings or units.",
    "report_type": "data_driven_report",
    "scope": "KR municipalities",
    "status": "accepted",
    "indexability": "indexable",
    "not_advice_disclaimer": "This ranking is a source-backed reference. Read the source, geographic grain and observation date before comparing rows.",
    "methodology_id": "methodology-south-korea-lowest-pm25-v1",
    "methodology": {
      "summary": "Use the compatible published metric air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3, keep one machine-readable unit family with direct source URLs, and sort ascending.",
      "formula": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3 asc",
      "assumptions": [
        "Source definitions, geographic grain and observation period remain visible for every row."
      ],
      "exclusions": [
        "Supplemental sources, null values, incompatible units and rows without direct source URLs are excluded."
      ],
      "source_policy": "Verified sources with direct URL and visible scope"
    },
    "freshness": {
      "last_checked": "2026-07-22",
      "status": "generated_from_current_reusable_facts",
      "field_dates_visible": true
    },
    "rows": [
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:48240",
        "label": "사천시, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 10,
        "value_display": "10 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:47930",
        "label": "울진군, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 10,
        "value_display": "10 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:48310",
        "label": "거제시, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 12,
        "value_display": "12 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:50130",
        "label": "서귀포시, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 12,
        "value_display": "12 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:48330",
        "label": "양산시, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 12,
        "value_display": "12 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:47940",
        "label": "울릉군, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 12,
        "value_display": "12 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:48850",
        "label": "하동군, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 12,
        "value_display": "12 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:48250",
        "label": "김해시, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 13,
        "value_display": "13 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:48270",
        "label": "밀양시, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 13,
        "value_display": "13 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:47920",
        "label": "봉화군, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 13,
        "value_display": "13 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:47770",
        "label": "영덕군, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 13,
        "value_display": "13 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:50110",
        "label": "제주시, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 13,
        "value_display": "13 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:47130",
        "label": "경주시, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 14,
        "value_display": "14 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:44210",
        "label": "서산시, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 14,
        "value_display": "14 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:48170",
        "label": "진주시, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 14,
        "value_display": "14 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:48220",
        "label": "통영시, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 14,
        "value_display": "14 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:48880",
        "label": "거창군, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 15,
        "value_display": "15 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:44250",
        "label": "계룡시, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 15,
        "value_display": "15 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:41290",
        "label": "과천시, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 15,
        "value_display": "15 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:44180",
        "label": "보령시, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 15,
        "value_display": "15 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:44760",
        "label": "부여군, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 15,
        "value_display": "15 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:41130",
        "label": "성남시, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 15,
        "value_display": "15 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
        "derivation": "identity",
        "status": "accepted",
        "metric_id": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3",
        "source_quality": "verified",
        "source_ids": [
          "source-539b31b47005"
        ],
        "evidence": [
          {
            "source_id": "source-539b31b47005",
            "url": "https://airkorea.or.kr/jfile/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=19b678b00cc53&fileSeq=1",
            "locator": "air_quality_pm25_annual_ug_m3; geographic grain: city",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-07-22"
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "row_id": "south-korea-lowest-pm25:city:kr:mois:47230",
        "label": "영천시, South Korea",
        "country_code": "KR",
        "value": 15,
        "value_display": "15 µg/m³",
        "unit": "ug/m3",
        "geographic_grain": "city",
        "observation_period": "2024-12-31",
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