# Warmest published city hubs

Snapshot: approved-static-6fbe9b847dfeb5d6

Capital, migration and major city hubs ranked by annual mean temperature in °C, using compatible published temperature fields.

- Canonical: /reports/warmest-published-city-hubs/
- Last checked: 2026-07-11

## Answers

### Phoenix, United States

23.51 °C
- Source: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/ghcn/daily/by_year/2023.csv.gz
- Checked: 2026-06-30

### Houston, United States

23.01 °C
- Source: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/ghcn/daily/by_year/2023.csv.gz
- Checked: 2026-06-30

### Mesa, United States

22.99 °C
- Source: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/ghcn/daily/by_year/2023.csv.gz
- Checked: 2026-06-30

### Jacksonville, United States

22.52 °C
- Source: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/ghcn/daily/by_year/2023.csv.gz
- Checked: 2026-06-30

### Tucson, United States

22.04 °C
- Source: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/ghcn/daily/by_year/2023.csv.gz
- Checked: 2026-06-30

### Constanța, Romania

11.7 °C (Mamaia station)
- Source: https://immigrationdb.com/methodology/
- Checked: 2026-06-14T00:00:00Z

### 's-Gravenhage, Netherlands

10.77 °C
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M,T2M_MAX,T2M_MIN,PRECTOTCORR,WS10M,RH2M,ALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=6.1&latitude=52.516666666&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-06-12T00:00:00Z

### Rotterdam, Netherlands

10.77 °C
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M,T2M_MAX,T2M_MIN,PRECTOTCORR,WS10M,RH2M,ALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=6.1&latitude=52.516666666&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-06-12T00:00:00Z

### Bucharest, Romania

10.7 °C
- Source: https://immigrationdb.com/methodology/
- Checked: 2026-06-14T00:00:00Z

### Timișoara, Romania

10.7 °C
- Source: https://immigrationdb.com/methodology/
- Checked: 2026-06-14T00:00:00Z

### Brăila, Romania

10.5 °C
- Source: https://immigrationdb.com/methodology/
- Checked: 2026-06-14T00:00:00Z

### Craiova, Romania

10.5 °C
- Source: https://immigrationdb.com/methodology/
- Checked: 2026-06-14T00:00:00Z

### Sofia, Bulgaria

10.5 °C
- Source: https://immigrationdb.com/methodology/
- Checked: 2026-06-14T00:00:00Z

### Amsterdam, Netherlands

10.47 °C
- Source: https://power.larc.nasa.gov/api/temporal/climatology/point?community=RE&parameters=T2M,T2M_MAX,T2M_MIN,PRECTOTCORR,WS10M,RH2M,ALLSKY_SFC_SW_DWN&longitude=6.1&latitude=52.516666666&format=JSON
- Checked: 2026-06-12T00:00:00Z

### Berlin, Germany

10 °C
- Source: https://opendata.dwd.de/climate_environment/CDC/grids_germany/multi_annual/
- Checked: 2026-06-05T00:00:00Z

### Aachen, Germany

9.8 °C
- Source: https://opendata.dwd.de/climate_environment/CDC/grids_germany/multi_annual/
- Checked: 2026-06-05T00:00:00Z

### Ahaus, Germany

9.8 °C
- Source: https://opendata.dwd.de/climate_environment/CDC/grids_germany/multi_annual/
- Checked: 2026-06-05T00:00:00Z

### Altena, Germany

9.8 °C
- Source: https://opendata.dwd.de/climate_environment/CDC/grids_germany/multi_annual/
- Checked: 2026-06-05T00:00:00Z

### Bad Berleburg, Germany

9.8 °C
- Source: https://opendata.dwd.de/climate_environment/CDC/grids_germany/multi_annual/
- Checked: 2026-06-05T00:00:00Z

### Dublin, Ireland

9.7 °C
- Source: https://www.met.ie/climate/30-year-averages
- Checked: 2026-07-11

### Ballerup, Denmark

9 °C
- Source: https://www.dmi.dk/vejrarkiv/
- Checked: 2026-07-11

### Fredericia, Denmark

8.6 °C
- Source: https://www.dmi.dk/vejrarkiv/
- Checked: 2026-07-11

### Odense, Denmark

8.6 °C
- Source: https://www.dmi.dk/vejrarkiv/
- Checked: 2026-07-11

### Svendborg, Denmark

8.6 °C
- Source: https://www.dmi.dk/vejrarkiv/
- Checked: 2026-07-11

### Greve, Denmark

8.5 °C
- Source: https://www.dmi.dk/vejrarkiv/
- Checked: 2026-07-11

### Oslo, Norway

6.3 °C
- Source: https://frost.met.no/
- Checked: 2026-06-12T00:00:00Z

### Helsinki, Finland

5.9 °C
- Source: https://en.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/download-observations
- Checked: 2026-06-12T00:00:00Z

## Method

Use compatible published metric fields (temp_mean_annual_c, g11_mean_annual_temp_c, temp_annual_c, climate_avg_temp_annual_c, climate_avg_temp_c, g11_temperature_avg_c, g13_temperature_avg_c, g13_climate_temperature_annual_c), keep numeric verified rows with direct source URLs, and sort descending.

## Boundary

This ranking is a source-backed reference. Read the source, geographic grain and observation date before comparing rows.