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Thunder Bay

Thunder Bay had 108,843 residents in 2021 and is a city in Canada. The unemployment rate was 11.2% in May 2021. In May 2021, the foreign population was 4,630. A monthly estimate placed internet service at €70 in July 2026. A monthly estimate placed basic utilities for an 85 m² home at €139 in July 2026.

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Higher unemployment than 68% of Canadian cities that publish it and more recorded crime than 68% of Canadian cities that publish it.

Foreign residents4,630 peoplecity · Verified 2026-07-15Official source · Statistics Canada Census Profile 2021 characteristic 1512: not Canadian citizens, population in private households, 25% sample data, at CSD grain. This is the exact foreign-citizenship interpretation used for foreign_population_total; it is not immigrant status.
Population108,843 peoplecity · Verified 2026-06-12Official source · Statistics Canada — Census Profile 2021 (Thunder Bay, CSD 3558005)
Unemployment rate11.2 %city · Verified 2026-07-26Official source · Statistics Canada — 2021 Census Profile, unemployment rate at CSD grain
PM10 — annual mean9 µg/m³city · Verified 2026-07-15Official source · Official ECCC/NAPS 2024 annual daily-mean station observations, reproducibly aggregated as an arithmetic mean for eligible stations within 25 km of the target city coordinate. This is a derived place observation, not an asserted municipal monitor aggregate.
Average daytime high by monthJan -7.6 · Feb -5.2 · Mar 1 · Apr 8.9 · May 15.9 · Jun 21.6 · Jul 24.9 · Aug 24.2 · Sep 19.2 · Oct 10.9 · Nov 2.6 · Dec -4.5 °Ccity · Verified 2026-07-26Official source · Canadian Climate Normals — THUNDER BAY, 1991-2020
Average night-time low by monthJan -19.2 · Feb -18.3 · Mar -11.8 · Apr -4.2 · May 1.9 · Jun 7.8 · Jul 11 · Aug 10 · Sep 5.5 · Oct -0.3 · Nov -6.7 · Dec -14.6 °Ccity · Verified 2026-07-26Official source · Canadian Climate Normals — THUNDER BAY, 1991-2020
Every value keeps its source, geographic scope and verification date · Last checked 2026-07-27

Who Thunder Bay may suit

Relative profile scores use comparable published values. They are a decision aid, not a personal recommendation.

Try your profile
Remote worker59%strong on work, weak on air quality · range 45–73% from published values
Skilled employee56%strong on work, weak on safety · range 42–70% from published values
Student58%strong on cost, weak on healthcare · range 44–72% from published values
Family50%strong on family, weak on cost · range 36–64% from published values
Retirement54%strong on healthcare, weak on admin · range 40–68% from published values

Population and city profile

The city covered 328.4 km² in 2021. Population density was 332.1 people per km² in 2021.

Who lives hereResidents by nationality, % of population
Thunder Bay residents by nationalityBy nationalityNational passport95.7%Foreign residents 4.3%

Derived from the published population and foreign-resident counts.

MetricValueVerifiedSource
City area328.4 km22026-06-122021Official sourceStatistics Canada — Census Profile 2021 (Thunder Bay, CSD 3558005) Source-backed value
Foreign residents4,630 people2026-07-152021Official sourceStatistics Canada Census Profile 2021 characteristic 1512: not Canadian citizens, population in private households, 25% sample data, at CSD grain. This is the exact foreign-citizenship interpretation used for foreign_population_total; it is not immigrant status. Source-backed value
Population density332.1 people/km²2026-07-152021Official sourceStatistics Canada Census Profile 2021 characteristic 6: population density per square kilometre at CSD grain. This is the exact CSD value; it is not a CMA or province observation. Source-backed value
Population108,843 people2026-06-122021Official sourceStatistics Canada — Census Profile 2021 (Thunder Bay, CSD 3558005) Source-backed value
Population over time22 published observations, 2001–2022
Population in Thunder Bay by year, residents108,464110,297112,131113,964200120032005200720092011201320152017201920212022111,113residents

Population fell 1.9% between 2001 and 2022, from 113,242 to 111,113.

Each point keeps the source and period it was published with.

Cost of living

What recurs every month5 published recurring costs, € per month
Thunder Bay recurring monthly costs, € per month€595Private kindergarten€139Utilities, 85 m² flat€70Internet, 60 Mbps€51Mobile plan, 10 GB€26Fitness club€ / month

Published city cost observations. Some items come from the supplemental estimate lane and are not official statistics.

MetricValueVerifiedSource
Fitness club membership, monthly25.6667 EUR/month2026-07-27FreshCommercial estimateCost of Living in Thunder Bay. Jul 2026. Prices in Thunder Bay Supplemental context
Internet, 60 Mbps unlimited70.2757 EUR/month2026-07-27FreshCommercial estimateCost of Living in Thunder Bay. Jul 2026. Prices in Thunder Bay Supplemental context
Private kindergarten, monthly595.1162 EUR/month2026-07-27FreshCommercial estimateCost of Living in Thunder Bay. Jul 2026. Prices in Thunder Bay Supplemental context
Meal at an inexpensive restaurant15.4656 EUR2026-07-27FreshCommercial estimateCost of Living in Thunder Bay. Jul 2026. Prices in Thunder Bay Supplemental context
Mobile plan, 10 GB50.523 EUR/month2026-07-27FreshCommercial estimateCost of Living in Thunder Bay. Jul 2026. Prices in Thunder Bay Supplemental context
Basic utilities, 85 m² home139.1904 EUR/month2026-07-27FreshCommercial estimateCost of Living in Thunder Bay. Jul 2026. Prices in Thunder Bay Supplemental context

Work and income

Unemployment across cities in CanadaWhere Thunder Bay lands among 166 measured cities
unemployment rate, % · measured cities in Canada per band224–6336–8358–103810–12Thunder Bay 11.2%2912–14614–16218–20122–24unemployment rate, % · measured cities in Canada per band

Published unemployment rates for cities in the same country.

MetricValueVerifiedSource
Unemployment rate11.2 %country median 9.4% — 19% above2026-07-262021Official sourceStatistics Canada — 2021 Census Profile, unemployment rate at CSD grain Source-backed value

Safety

Recorded crime across major citiesThunder Bay highlighted among comparable cities
Recorded crime across major cities with Thunder Bay highlighted11,352Chilliwack10,650Red Deer10,546Kamloops9,365Nanaimo8,922Kelowna7,953Saskatoon7,894Winnipeg7,692Lethbridge7,503Regina7,129Moncton7,108Edmonton6,867Thunder Bayrecorded incidents per 100k residents

Published values for cities using the same metric and unit.

MetricValueVerifiedSource
Recorded incidents per 100,000 residents6,867 offences/100kcountry median 5,283 — 30% above2026-07-262024Independent sourceStatistics Canada — Police-reported Crime Severity Index and crime rate, by census metropolitan area, 2024 Source-backed value

Climate and air quality

Monthly mean temperatures were −13.4°C in January and 18°C in July. Annual PM10 was 9 µg/m³ in 2024.

Temperature through the yearAverage daytime high and night-time low, °C
Thunder Bay average monthly daytime high and night-time low temperature, °C-20°-10°0°10°20°30°JFMAMJJASOND25°-19°Daytime highNight-time low

Published monthly climate normals for this city.

Air quality vs health guidelinesAnnual means against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limits
Thunder Bay annual air pollutant levels against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limitsCity valueWHO guidelineEU limit15409.0PM10µg/m³

City values from the published air-quality observations. WHO 2021 guidelines and EU limit values are published constants.

PM10 across cities in CanadaWhere Thunder Bay lands among 77 measured cities
annual PM10, µg/m³ · measured cities in Canada per band15–616–7137–858–979–10Thunder Bay 9.01210–111711–121112–13413–14414–15115–16118–19annual PM10, µg/m³ · measured cities in Canada per band

Published annual means from the same national measurement network.

MetricValueVerifiedSource
PM10 — annual mean9 µg/m³country median 10.5 — 14% below2026-07-152024Official sourceOfficial ECCC/NAPS 2024 annual daily-mean station observations, reproducibly aggregated as an arithmetic mean for eligible stations within 25 km of the target city coordinate. This is a derived place observation, not an asserted municipal monitor aggregate. Source-backed value
Average daytime high by monthJan -7.6 · Feb -5.2 · Mar 1 · Apr 8.9 · May 15.9 · Jun 21.6 · Jul 24.9 · Aug 24.2 · Sep 19.2 · Oct 10.9 · Nov 2.6 · Dec -4.5 °C2026-07-262020Official sourceCanadian Climate Normals — THUNDER BAY, 1991-2020 Source-backed value
Average night-time low by monthJan -19.2 · Feb -18.3 · Mar -11.8 · Apr -4.2 · May 1.9 · Jun 7.8 · Jul 11 · Aug 10 · Sep 5.5 · Oct -0.3 · Nov -6.7 · Dec -14.6 °C2026-07-262020Official sourceCanadian Climate Normals — THUNDER BAY, 1991-2020 Source-backed value
Average temperature by monthJan -13.4 · Feb -11.8 · Mar -5.4 · Apr 2.4 · May 8.9 · Jun 14.8 · Jul 18 · Aug 17.1 · Sep 12.4 · Oct 5.3 · Nov -2.1 · Dec -9.6 °C2026-07-262020Official sourceCanadian Climate Normals — THUNDER BAY, 1991-2020 Source-backed value

Mobility and administration

MetricValueVerifiedSource
Destinations from nearest airport9 count2026-06-13FreshOfficial sourceOpenFlights — routes.dat Source-backed value
Nearest airportYQT code2026-06-13FreshOfficial sourceOurAirports — airports.csv Source-backed value
Distance to nearest airport5.7 km2026-06-13FreshOfficial sourceOurAirports — airports.csv Source-backed value

Worked out from these numbers

Arithmetic on the published values above. Each one names what it assumed.

How international is the population?

4.3% of residents hold a foreign nationality — 4,630 people of 108,843 people. This counts nationality, not place of birth, so long-settled residents who naturalised are not in it.

Common questions

Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.

What is the unemployment rate in Thunder Bay?

The unemployment rate is 11.2 %. Source: Statistics Canada — 2021 Census Profile, unemployment rate at CSD grain, checked 2026-07-26.

How safe is Thunder Bay?

Police recorded 6,867 offences/100k. This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: Statistics Canada — Police-reported Crime Severity Index and crime rate, by census metropolitan area, 2024, checked 2026-07-26.

How many people live in Thunder Bay?

The published population is 108,843 people. Source: Statistics Canada — Census Profile 2021 (Thunder Bay, CSD 3558005), checked 2026-06-12.

How many foreign residents live in Thunder Bay?

4,630 people residents hold a foreign nationality. Source: Statistics Canada Census Profile 2021 characteristic 1512: not Canadian citizens, population in private households, 25% sample data, at CSD grain. This is the exact foreign-citizenship interpretation used for foreign_population_total; it is not immigrant status., checked 2026-07-15.

Cities of a similar size in Canada

Closest published populations, for a like-for-like comparison.

All Canada cities
Delta108,455 residentsSt. John's110,525 residentsLethbridge106,550 residentsBrantford104,688 residentsWaterloo113,520 residentsChatham-Kent103,988 residents

Sources

Statistics Canada Census Profile 2021 characteristic 1512: not Canadian citizens, population in private households, 25% sample data, at CSD grain. This is the exact foreign-citizenship interpretation used for foreign_population_total; it is not immigrant status.Official source · Checked 2021-05-11Statistics Canada — Census Profile 2021 (Thunder Bay, CSD 3558005)Official source · Checked 2026-07-14Statistics Canada — 2021 Census Profile, unemployment rate at CSD grainOfficial source · Checked 2026-07-26Official ECCC/NAPS 2024 annual daily-mean station observations, reproducibly aggregated as an arithmetic mean for eligible stations within 25 km of the target city coordinate. This is a derived place observation, not an asserted municipal monitor aggregate.Official source · Checked 2026-07-15Canadian Climate Normals — THUNDER BAY, 1991-2020Official source · Checked 2026-07-26Cost of Living in Thunder Bay. Jul 2026. Prices in Thunder BayCommercial source · Checked 2026-07-27

Spotted a number that looks wrong? Every value here carries its source and date — tell us what you found and we will re-check it against the source.