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Living in Santander

In Santander, the statutory reference rent is €7.00 per m² a month (2022) and unemployment is 8.7% (2024).

Santander is in Spain; its population was 175,425 at the start of 2025. For Santander, monthly mean temperatures were 10.7°C in January and 19.7°C in July. A monthly estimate placed internet service at €36 in December 2022. A monthly estimate placed basic utilities for an 85 m² home at €144 in December 2022. Gigabit broadband availability was 98.2% in 2025.

Last checked 2026-09-1635 sources

Population175,425people1 Jan 2025Official source · Santander - official stats
Median gross salary (region)1,937EUR/month31 Dec 2024Official source · Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE)
Average net rent7EUR/m²/monthcountry median €5.10 — 37% aboveOfficial source · cdn.mivau.gob.es
Unemployment rate8.7%country median 4.4% — 98% aboveOfficial source · INE Urban Indicators — unemployment rate by city
Recorded crime4,561incidents per 100,000country median 4,281 — 7% aboveOfficial source · MIR 2024 Q4 exact III. TOTAL INFRACCIONES PENALES, enero-diciembre 2024; INE 29005 denominator.
PM2.5, annual mean7.4µg/m³country median 8.7 — 15% belowOfficial source · MITECO Evaluación de la calidad del aire en España 2024 — Table 16 PM2.5

Pricier rent than 74% of Spanish cities that publish it, higher unemployment than 92% of Spanish cities that publish it and cleaner air than 72% of Spanish cities that publish it.

Which Spain-wide rules apply when you move to Santander?

National rules stay on the country page instead of being relabelled as city data.

Housing and cost

How much does it cost to rent in Santander?

Average net cold rent is 7 EUR/m² per month (2022), excluding heating and operating charges.

Published average over existing tenancies; a specific flat can sit either side of it. Asking-rent series, where present, are separate rows in the table.

  • Average net rent (nettokalt): 7 EUR/m²/month · cdn.mivau.gob.es2
What recurs every month6 published recurring costs, € per month
Santander recurring monthly costs, € per month

€ / month

Private kindergarten€249
Utilities, 85 m² flat€144
Fitness club€36
Internet, 60 Mbps€36
Transport pass€34
Mobile plan, 10 GB€26

Supplemental estimate lane; these items are not official statistics.

Net rent across major citiesSantander highlighted among comparable cities
Net rent across major cities with Santander highlighted

net rent, € / m² / month

Madrid€14.00
Barcelona€13.70
Bilbao€11.50
Palma€9.80
Santander€7.00
Murcia€5.80
Show the other 6 cities
Málaga€9.60
Seville€9.20
Valencia€8.20
Zaragoza€7.70
Las Palmas de Gran Canaria€7.30
Alicante€7.10
MetricValuePeriodSource
Fitness club membership, monthly36.26 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v235Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Internet, 60 Mbps unlimited36.08 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v235Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Private kindergarten, monthly248.8 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v235Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Meal at an inexpensive restaurant11.94 EUR31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v235Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Mobile plan, 10 GB26.25 EUR/month31 Jul 2026Cost of Living in Santander. Jun 2026. Prices in Santander34Commercial estimate · Supplemental context
Monthly transport pass34.33 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v235Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Basic utilities, 85 m² home144.5 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v235Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Dwellings93,405 dwellings31 Dec 2021Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain15Official
Main residence dwellings72,468 dwellings31 Dec 2021Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain15Official
Secondary, seasonal or vacant dwellings20,940 dwellings31 Dec 2021Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain15Official
Average net rent (nettokalt)7 EUR/m²/monthcountry median €5.1031 Dec 2022cdn.mivau.gob.es2Official
Official reference rent (median)595 EUR/month31 Dec 2024SERPAVI — VDP001_01 — rental price and surface indicators by municipality23Official

Is Santander a good place to live?

There is no universal answer. The profile scores below show who the available published evidence may suit; they are a decision aid, not a personal recommendation.

Try your profile
Remote worker60%strong on work, weak on safety · range 52–68%
Skilled employee62%strong on work, weak on education · range 54–70%
Student60%strong on cost, weak on education · range 51–69%
Family54%strong on family, weak on education · range 46–62%
Retirement57%strong on air quality, weak on admin · range 48–66%

Worked out from these numbers

What does a 60 m² flat cost?

About 420 EUR a month in cold rent at the published average of 7 EUR/m² per month, before heating and operating charges.

Heating, water and operating charges come on top, and a specific flat can sit either side of an average.

Source period: 2022

Work and income

The unemployment rate was 8.7% in 2024.

What is the unemployment rate in Santander?

The unemployment rate is 8.7 % (2024). Source: INE Urban Indicators — unemployment rate by city10

Unemployment across cities in SpainUnemployment in Santander is 8.7%. Of 1,361 cities with data, 844 have unemployment of 0 to under 5%.

Unemployment rate (%)

MetricValuePeriodSource
Gigabit broadband availability98.25 %30 Jun 2025SETELECO Cobertura Banda Ancha España 2021-202524Official
People in employment63,066 people31 Dec 2021Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain15Official
Median gross salary (regional)1,937 EUR/month31 Dec 2024Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE)11Official · regional context
Unemployment rate8.7 %country median 4.4%31 Dec 2024INE Urban Indicators — unemployment rate by city10Official
Unemployment rate over time10 published observations, 2015–2024

Unemployment rate fell 52.7% between 2015 and 2024, from 18.4% to 8.7%.

What does a salary buy in Santander?

Take-home pay after tax, minus rent and the everyday bills this city publishes. Each line names its source.

regional median gross pay: €1,937 (Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), 2024-12-31).
Left over each month€901of €1,562 take-home
  • Rent
  • Utilities
  • Transport
  • Internet
  • Mobile
  • Left over
Line-by-line breakdown and sources
Each month€
Take-home payOECD Taxing Wages 2025, single, no children. Includes central and local income tax and employee social contributions.€1,562
Rent, 60 m²€7.00/m² · official · cdn.mivau.gob.es · 2022-12-31− €420
Public transport pass€34 · market price · Global Cost of Living · 2022-12-31− €34
Utilities, 85 m²€144 · market price · Global Cost of Living · 2022-12-31− €144
Internet€36 · market price · Global Cost of Living · 2022-12-31− €36
Mobile plan€26 · market price · Cost of Living in Santander. Jun 2026. Prices in Santander · 2026-07-31− €26
Left over€901
Take-home pay for other salaries and households Compare with another city Check a job offer in Santander Salary needed to live in Santander

Public employment service

No exact public employment office is currently linked to Santander. The verified national service may still offer online registration, job search or an official office finder.

Country-level information

Servicio Público de Empleo Estatal — Public employment service

Servicio Público de Empleo Estatal (SEPE)

Job SearchUnemployment ClaimTraining

Country-level service information is not treated as proof of a physical office in Santander. Sources checked through 10 Aug 2026.

Healthcare

MetricValuePeriodSource
Hospital beds per 100,000 residents659.4 beds per 100,00031 Dec 2025Ministerio de Sanidad – Catálogo Nacional de Hospitales 202516Official
Hospitals4 count31 Dec 2025Catálogo Nacional de Hospitales 202516Official

Yes — migrants can receive medical care in Santander under the national coverage rules.

Healthcare access follows the country-wide insurance rules; local capacity facts remain city data and are not used as proof of eligibility.

Open the official coverage guide
Hospital beds per 100,000 residents659.4 beds per 100,000Verified 2026-08-03
Country rule verified 2026-08-03.

Safety

How safe is Santander?

Police recorded about 4,561 incidents per 100,000 (2024). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: MIR 2024 Q4 exact III. TOTAL INFRACCIONES PENALES, enero-diciembre 2024; INE 29005 denominator.17

Recorded crime across major citiesSantander highlighted among comparable cities
Recorded crime across major cities with Santander highlighted

recorded incidents per 100k residents

Pamplona7,766
Alicante7,419
Murcia5,289
Córdoba5,095
Melilla5,090
Vitoria-Gasteiz4,916
Cartagena4,578
Castellón de la Plana4,251
Elche4,043
Lorca3,706
Logroño3,690
Burgos3,628
MetricValuePeriodSource
Burglaries per 100,000 residents124.3 incidents per 100,00031 Dec 2025ES-MinInterior-1509012-2025Q45Official
Recorded incidents per 100,000 residents4,561 incidents per 100,000country median 4,28131 Dec 2024MIR 2024 Q4 exact III. TOTAL INFRACCIONES PENALES, enero-diciembre 2024; INE 29005 denominator.17Official
Violent crime per 100,000 residents155.1 incidents per 100,00031 Dec 2025ES-MinInterior-1509012-2025Q45Official

Mobility and administration

MetricValuePeriodSource
Destinations from nearest airport17 count13 Jun 2026OpenFlights — routes.dat20Official
Nearest airportSDR13 Jun 2026OurAirports — airports.csv21Official
Distance to nearest airport4.7 km13 Jun 2026OurAirports — airports.csv21Official

Language courses and integration

No exact city-level course record is currently published for Santander. These verified national programmes may still apply; use the official programme page to check local availability.

Country-level information

Escuelas Oficiales de Idiomas — public language education network — State Language Course

Ministry of Education, Vocational Training and Sports / autonomous education authorities

For adult language learners, residents.

In Person, Online, HybridCost varies
National programme information is not treated as proof of a course location in Santander.

Find courses near Santander

Climate and air quality

Monthly precipitation was 110.1 mm in January and 48.3 mm in July. Annual PM2.5 was 7.4 µg/m³ at the end of 2024.

Is the air quality good in Santander?

The annual PM2.5 mean is 7.4 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³. Source: MITECO Evaluación de la calidad del aire en España 2024 — Table 16 PM2.518

Annual mean at the measuring site(s) serving the city; current-day readings differ.

Temperature through the yearAverage daytime high and night-time low, °C
Rainfall through the yearAverage monthly precipitation, mm
Sunshine through the yearAverage monthly sunshine, hours
Air quality vs health guidelinesAnnual means against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limits

City values from the published air-quality observations. WHO 2021 guidelines and EU limit values are published constants.

PM2.5 across cities in SpainAnnual PM2.5 in Santander is 7.4 µg/m³. Of 269 cities with data, 57 have annual PM2.5 of 8 to under 9 µg/m³.

Annual PM2.5 (µg/m³)

MetricValuePeriodSource
NO₂ — annual mean12 µg/m³31 Dec 2024EEA air quality statistics — ES NO2 annual mean 2024 (station TETUÁN)3Official · nearest-station reading
PM10 — annual mean18 µg/m³31 Dec 2024EEA air quality statistics — ES PM10 annual mean 2024 (station TETUÁN)4Official · nearest-station reading
PM2.5 — annual mean7.4 µg/m³country median 8.731 Dec 2024MITECO Evaluación de la calidad del aire en España 2024 — Table 16 PM2.518Official
Average daytime high by monthJan 13.2 · Feb 13.1 · Mar 14.7 · Apr 15.8 · May 17.7 · Jun 20.2 · Jul 22.2 · Aug 23.2 · Sep 21.9 · Oct 20 · Nov 16 · Dec 14.1 °C31 Dec 2020AEMET climate normal — mean monthly maximum air temperature, SANTANDER I,CMT, 1991-20201Official
Average night-time low by monthJan 8.1 · Feb 7.6 · Mar 8.8 · Apr 10 · May 12.2 · Jun 15 · Jul 17 · Aug 17.6 · Sep 16.1 · Oct 13.9 · Nov 10.5 · Dec 8.7 °C31 Dec 2020AEMET climate normal — mean monthly minimum air temperature, SANTANDER I,CMT, 1991-20201Official
Average temperature by monthJan 10.7 · Feb 10.4 · Mar 11.8 · Apr 12.9 · May 15 · Jun 17.6 · Jul 19.7 · Aug 20.4 · Sep 19 · Oct 17 · Nov 13.3 · Dec 11.4 °C31 Dec 2020AEMET climate normal — mean monthly air temperature, SANTANDER I,CMT, 1991-20201Official
Average precipitation by monthJan 110.1 · Feb 88.4 · Mar 83 · Apr 82.4 · May 66.6 · Jun 55.9 · Jul 48.3 · Aug 54.8 · Sep 79.3 · Oct 108.2 · Nov 161 · Dec 120.8 mm31 Dec 2020AEMET climate normal — mean monthly total precipitation, SANTANDER I,CMT, 1991-20201Official
Average sunshine by monthJan 2.9 · Feb 3.9 · Mar 5.3 · Apr 6 · May 6.5 · Jun 6.7 · Jul 7.2 · Aug 7 · Sep 6.7 · Oct 5 · Nov 3.3 · Dec 3.1 hours31 Dec 2020AEMET climate normal — mean monthly sunshine duration, SANTANDER I,CMT, 1991-20201Official

Population and city profile

How many people live in Santander?

The published population was 175,425 people in January 2025. Source: Santander - official stats22

Who lives hereResidents by nationality, % of population

Calculated from the population and foreign-resident facts on this page.

MetricValuePeriodSource
Cars per 1,000 residents433.8 cars per 1000 people31 Dec 2024Eurostat6Official
City area34.76 km²31 Dec 2024Eurostat GISCO, European Commission8Official
Foreign-resident share10.8 %31 Dec 2024Eurostat7Official
Foreign residents18,691 people1 Jan 2024Official INE municipal population by country of nationality; foreign total derived as Total nationality minus España.19Official
Population density4,995 people/km²31 Dec 2024Eurostat GISCO / Eurostat Urban Audit8Official
Female residents93,201 people31 Dec 2023Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE)12Official
Male residents79,525 people31 Dec 2023Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE)12Official
Population175,425 people1 Jan 2025Santander - official stats22Official
Population over time29 published observations, 1996–2025

Population fell 5.4% between 1996 and 2025, from 185,410 to 175,425.

Foreign residents over time10 published observations, 2015–2024

Foreign residents rose 45.9% between 2015 and 2024, from 12,808 to 18,691.

International community in Santander

Named groups from exact city-grain official distributions. Citizenship, birthplace, language and ancestry answer different questions and stay separate.

Country of birth

Population resident in Spain; both sexes; official INE Census 2021 municipal table · 2021 Census

Published groupPeopleShare
TOTAL172,000100.0%
Spain148,48186.3%
South America11,1016.5%
Rent of Europe3,2171.9%
European Union (without Spain)3,0151.8%
Central America and Caribbean2,6261.5%
Africa1,6240.9%
Asia9770.6%
North America9120.5%
Oceania470.0%

Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source13

Citizenship

Population resident in Spain; both sexes; official INE Census 2021 municipal table · 2021 Census

Published groupPeopleShare
TOTAL172,000100.0%
Spanish157,27291.4%
South America5,2333.0%
European Union (without Spain)3,1831.9%
Rent of Europe2,5441.5%
Africa1,3160.8%
Central America and Caribbean1,2400.7%
Asia9010.5%
North America2840.2%
Statelens160.0%
Oceania110.0%

Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source14

Additional context

MetricValuePeriodSource
Households72,468 households31 Dec 2021Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain15Official
Labour force75,744 people31 Dec 2021Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain15Official

Alternatives for people set on Santander

Three places for the three reasons people leave a city on the shortlist: stay in the region, stay in the country, or keep the budget and change the country. A percentage appears only where both cities publish that metric from the same source, period and grain. Distances are straight lines — travel times are not collected yet.

Piélagos as a Santander alternative in the same region

18 km away, better on 2 of 5 metrics measured the same way, worse on 1.

  • Nearest airport: 13.6 km Piélagos vs 4.7 km Santander+189%
  • Rent: €5.70/m² Piélagos vs €7.00/m² Santander−19%
  • Recorded crime, per 100k: 3,260 Piélagos vs 4,561 Santander−29%
  • Residents: 26,901 Piélagos vs 175,425 Santander−85%
  • Median gross pay, region: €1,937 Piélagos vs €1,937 Santandersame level

San Sebastián as a Santander alternative in the same country

A move, not a commute, at 148 km, better on 3 of 5 metrics measured the same way, worse on 2. Rent and foreign residents cannot be compared like for like.

  • Nearest airport: 15.8 km San Sebastián vs 4.7 km Santander+236%
  • Median gross pay, region: €2,659 San Sebastián vs €1,937 Santander+37%
  • Unemployment: 5.5% San Sebastián vs 8.7% Santander−37%
  • Rent: €14.50/m² (2024) San Sebastián vs €7.00/m² (2022) Santanderno percentage
  • Recorded crime, per 100k: 5,842 San Sebastián vs 4,561 Santander+28%
  • Hospital beds, per 100k: 772.6 San Sebastián vs 659.4 Santander+17%
  • Foreign residents: 10.4% (2025) San Sebastián vs 10.8% (2024) Santanderno percentage

Cities near Santander

Published cities within 25 km, nearest first. Distances are straight-line.

Camargo Commuting Zone · 6.3 km away
Rent
6.2 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2022-12-31
Marina de Cudeyo Commuting Zone · 6.3 km away
Rent
6 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2022-12-31
El Astillero Commuting Zone · 7.4 km away
Rent
6.1 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2022-12-31
Santa Cruz de Bezana Commuting Zone · 8.7 km away
Rent
6.7 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2022-12-31
Medio Cudeyo Commuting Zone · 11.0 km away
Rent
6 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2022-12-31
Entrambasaguas Commuting Zone · 14.0 km away
Rent
5.4 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2022-12-31
Miengo Commuting Zone · 16.0 km away
Rent
7 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2022-12-31
Piélagos Commuting Zone · 17.6 km away
Rent
5.7 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2022-12-31

Alternative cities in Spain

Other cities in Spain to compare with Santander, nearest in population first.

All Spain cities

How does Santander compare?

Pick a city. The answer appears here and the address bar keeps it, so the comparison can be shared; the page stays Santander's.

School for children who move here. School is compulsory from age 6 to 16. Newly arrived pupils get support in the school language: Regional reception programmes (aulas de enlace Madrid / aules d acollida Catalonia etc). How to enrol a child (educacionfpydeportes.gob.es).

A country-wide rule for Spain; Santander's school authority applies it locally.

Sources: eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu · 2025–2026.

Common questions

Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.

How many people live in Santander?

The published population was 175,425 people in January 2025. Source: Santander - official stats.

How much does it cost to rent in Santander?

Average net cold rent is 7 EUR/m² per month (2022), excluding heating and operating charges. For a 70 m² flat that is about 490 EUR a month before utilities. Source: cdn.mivau.gob.es.

Is the air quality good in Santander?

The annual PM2.5 mean is 7.4 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³. Source: MITECO Evaluación de la calidad del aire en España 2024 — Table 16 PM2.5.

How safe is Santander?

Police recorded about 4,561 incidents per 100,000 (2024). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: MIR 2024 Q4 exact III. TOTAL INFRACCIONES PENALES, enero-diciembre 2024; INE 29005 denominator..

What is the unemployment rate in Santander?

The unemployment rate is 8.7 % (2024). Source: INE Urban Indicators — unemployment rate by city.

What is the typical salary around Santander?

The median gross salary is 1,937 EUR/month. Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE).

Is Santander a good place to live?

Santander may suit different people for different reasons. The page's profile scores compare published cost, work, housing, safety, healthcare and other available factors; they are a decision aid, not a universal recommendation.

Which cities are near Santander?

Camargo, Marina de Cudeyo, El Astillero, Santa Cruz de Bezana, Medio Cudeyo are near Santander. Typed relationship labels are shown where published; other rows use straight-line distance from admitted coordinates.

How many people born in Spain live in Santander?

The official country of birth distribution records 148,481 people (86.3%) in the source-defined population for 2021 Census. This is a country of birth measure, not a general estimate of ethnicity or migration status.

Cite this page

Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.

APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, October 16). Santander, Spain: population, rent, salary, cost of living [ImmigrationDB compilation; version f734bb5b7f3e914feae789720173897b]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/cities/es/santander/ Retrieved 2026-10-16. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_santander-spain-population-rent-salary-cost-of-living_a82931ac4e7c,
  author = {ImmigrationDB},
  title = {Santander, Spain: population, rent, salary, cost of living},
  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-10-16},
  version = {f734bb5b7f3e914feae789720173897b},
  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/cities/es/santander/},
  note = {Retrieved 2026-10-16. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}
Markdown citation
[Santander, Spain: population, rent, salary, cost of living](https://immigrationdb.com/cities/es/santander/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; version f734bb5b7f3e914feae789720173897b; retrieved 2026-10-16; built 2026-10-16.

This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.

Sources

JSON Markdown
  1. AEMET climate normal — mean monthly maximum air temperature, SANTANDER I,CMT, 1991-2020 AEMET climate normal · aemet.es · checked 2026-07-27
  2. cdn.mivau.gob.es cdn.mivau.gob.es · checked 2026-08-26
  3. EEA air quality statistics — ES NO2 annual mean 2024 (station TETUÁN) EEA air quality statistics · air.discomap.eea.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-31
  4. EEA air quality statistics — ES PM10 annual mean 2024 (station TETUÁN) EEA air quality statistics · air.discomap.eea.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-31
  5. ES-MinInterior-1509012-2025Q4 estadisticasdecriminalidad.ses.mir.es · checked 2026-09-15
  6. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-03
  7. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-02
  8. Eurostat GISCO, European Commission gisco-services.ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-03
  9. GISCO Urban Audit 2021 — Functional Urban Areas (URAU_RG_100K_2021_4326_FUA) GISCO Urban Audit 2021 · gisco-services.ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-09-19
  10. INE Urban Indicators — unemployment rate by city INE Urban Indicators · servicios.ine.es · checked 2026-07-26
Show 25 more sources
  1. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) servicios.ine.es · checked 2026-08-06
  2. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) ine.es · checked 2026-08-07
  3. Instituto Nacional de Estadistica (INE), Spain servicios.ine.es · checked 2026-08-30
  4. Instituto Nacional de Estadistica (INE), Spain servicios.ine.es · checked 2026-08-30
  5. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain ine.es · checked 2026-08-07
  6. Ministerio de Sanidad – Catálogo Nacional de Hospitales 2025 sanidad.gob.es · checked 2026-08-03
  7. MIR 2024 Q4 exact III. TOTAL INFRACCIONES PENALES, enero-diciembre 2024; INE 29005 denominator. estadisticasdecriminalidad.ses.mir.es · checked 2026-07-16
  8. MITECO Evaluación de la calidad del aire en España 2024 — Table 16 PM2.5 MITECO Evaluación de la calidad del aire en España 2024 · miteco.gob.es · checked 2026-07-26
  9. Official INE municipal population by country of nationality; foreign total derived as Total nationality minus España. ine.es · checked 2024-01-01
  10. OpenFlights — routes.dat OpenFlights · raw.githubusercontent.com · checked 2026-07-14
  11. OurAirports — airports.csv OurAirports · davidmegginson.github.io · checked 2026-07-14
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  13. SERPAVI — VDP001_01 — rental price and surface indicators by municipality SERPAVI · cdn.mivau.gob.es · checked 2026-09-12
  14. SETELECO Cobertura Banda Ancha España 2021-2025 digital.gob.es · checked 2025-06-30
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  19. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  20. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
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  22. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  23. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  24. Cost of Living in Santander. Jun 2026. Prices in Santander numbeo.com · checked 2026-07-27
  25. Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v2 Global Cost of Living · kaggle.com · checked 2026-07-27

Spotted a number that looks wrong? Every value here carries its source and date — tell us what you found and we will re-check it against the source.