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Living in Lecce

Lecce is a city in Italy. At the start of 2026, the city covered 239.6 km² and had a population density of 394 people per km². The foreign population count was 8,814 at the start of 2026.

Higher unemployment than 83% of Italian cities that publish it and cleaner air than 73% of Italian cities that publish it.

Which Italy-wide rules apply when you move to Lecce?

National rules stay on the country page instead of being relabelled as city data.

Visa and entry rulesPassport-specific entry and national residence context.BenefitsCountry-wide eligibility and official application routes.Taxes in ItalyNational rates and thresholds that apply in Lecce.Healthcare eligibilityCountry-wide insurance and residence conditions.

Housing and cost

How much does it cost to rent in Lecce?

Average net cold rent is about 5.33 EUR/m² per month (2025-S2), excluding heating and operating charges.

Published average over existing tenancies; a specific flat can sit either side of it. Asking-rent series, where present, are separate rows in the table.

  • Average net rent (nettokalt): 5.33 EUR/m²/month · Collected source1

City-level rent is published below; no city-level cost-of-living basket is published for Lecce yet.

Net rent across major citiesLecce highlighted among comparable cities
Net rent across major cities with Lecce highlighted€30.00Milano€17.15Rome€9.10Napolinet rent, € / m² / month
MetricValuePeriodSource
Dwellings56,196 dwellings31 Dec 2021Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics)8Official
G05 Main Residential Dwellings45,175 dwellings31 Dec 2021Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics)9Official
Average net rent (nettokalt)5.33 EUR/m²/month31 Dec 2025Collected source1Official · municipality zone median

Worked out from these numbers

What does a 60 m² flat cost?

About 320 EUR a month in cold rent at the published average of about 5.33 EUR/m² per month, before heating and operating charges.

Heating, water and operating charges come on top, and a specific flat can sit either side of an average.

Source period: 2025-S2

Work and income

What is the unemployment rate in Lecce?

The unemployment rate is about 11.4 % (2023).

  • Unemployment rate: 11.35 % · Eurostat3
Unemployment across cities in ItalyUnemployment in Lecce is 11.4%. Of 2,385 cities with data, 1,023 have unemployment of 4 to under 6%.
unemployment rate, % · measured cities in Italy per band9 cities: 0% to under 2%90–2155 cities: 2% to under 4%1552–41023 cities: 4% to under 6%10234–6316 cities: 6% to under 8%3166–8232 cities: 8% to under 10%2328–10335 cities: 10% to under 12%33510–12Lecce 11.4%189 cities: 12% to under 14%18912–1485 cities: 14% to under 16%8514–1621 cities: 16% to under 18%2116–1814 cities: 18% to under 20%1418–203 cities: 20% to under 22%320–222 cities: 22% to under 24%222–241 city: 24% to under 26%124–26

Unemployment rate (%)

MetricValuePeriodSource
People in employment35,600 people31 Dec 2021Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics)10Official
Median gross salary (regional)1,353 EUR/month31 Dec 2024servizi2.inps.it21Official
Unemployment rate11.35 %country median 6.0%31 Dec 2023Eurostat3Official
Unemployment rate over time7 published observations, 2011–2023
Unemployment rate in Lecce by year, %7.6%11.5%15.4%19.3%201120192021202311.3%%

Unemployment rate fell 23.4% between 2011 and 2023, from 14.8% to 11.3%.

Public employment service

No exact public employment office is currently linked to Lecce. The verified national service may still offer online registration, job search or an official office finder.

Country-level information

Centri per l'impiego — Public employment service

Italian public employment services / regional employment centres

Job SearchTraining
Search jobs
Open the Italy service overview

Country-level service information is not treated as proof of a physical office in Lecce. Sources checked through 10 Aug 2026.

Family and education

MetricValuePeriodSource
Primary School Count22 count3 Aug 2026Ministero dell'Istruzione e del Merito (dati.istruzione.it)16Official
School Count110 count3 Aug 2026Ministero dell'Istruzione e del Merito (dati.istruzione.it)16Official

Mobility and administration

MetricValuePeriodSource
Nearest airportLCC3 Aug 2026OurAirports20Official
Distance to nearest airport13 km3 Aug 2026OurAirports20Official

Language courses and integration

No exact city-level course record is currently published for Lecce. These verified national programmes may still apply; use the official programme page to check local availability.

Country-level information

CPIA public Italian-language and orientation courses for foreign adults — State Language Course

Italian public adult-education system — Centri Provinciali per l'Istruzione degli Adulti

For foreign adults, people seeking Italian language and culture courses.

ItalianCEFR A2In Personvaries
Open official information

L.O.R.R. — Language, Orientation, Recognition and Networks with CPIA — Job-related language course

Italian Ministry of Labour and Social Policies / FAMI 2021-2027 programme

For third-country nationals, vulnerable migrants, unaccompanied minors.

ItalianIn Person, Onlinenot_published
Open official information
Open the full Italy section
National programme information is not treated as proof of a course location in Lecce.

Climate and air quality

Annual PM2.5 was 11.3 µg/m³ at the end of 2024.

Is the air quality good in Lecce?

The annual PM2.5 mean is about 11.3 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³.

Annual mean at the measuring site(s) serving the city; current-day readings differ.

  • PM2.5 — annual mean: 11.33 µg/m³ · EEA Air Quality Annual Statistics — validated PM2.5 station data2
Temperature through the yearAverage daytime high and night-time low, °C
Lecce average monthly daytime high and night-time low temperature, °C0°10°20°30°40°JFMAMJJASOND33°4°Daytime highNight-time low
Rainfall through the yearAverage monthly precipitation, mm
Lecce average monthly precipitation, mm03060901205952644942302325691019873JFMAMJJASONDmm
Air quality vs health guidelinesAnnual means against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limits
Lecce annual air pollutant levels against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limitsCity valueWHO guidelineEU limit52511.3PM2.5104017.8NO₂µg/m³

City values from the published air-quality observations. WHO 2021 guidelines and EU limit values are published constants.

PM2.5 across cities in ItalyAnnual PM2.5 in Lecce is 11.3 µg/m³. Of 1,690 cities with data, 204 have annual PM2.5 of 12 to under 13 µg/m³.
annual PM2.5, µg/m³ · measured cities in Italy per band7 cities: 3 µg/m³ to under 4 µg/m³73–41 city: 4 µg/m³ to under 5 µg/m³14–512 cities: 5 µg/m³ to under 6 µg/m³125–68 cities: 6 µg/m³ to under 7 µg/m³86–714 cities: 7 µg/m³ to under 8 µg/m³147–855 cities: 8 µg/m³ to under 9 µg/m³558–9121 cities: 9 µg/m³ to under 10 µg/m³1219–10118 cities: 10 µg/m³ to under 11 µg/m³11810–11114 cities: 11 µg/m³ to under 12 µg/m³11411–12Lecce 11.3204 cities: 12 µg/m³ to under 13 µg/m³20412–13171 cities: 13 µg/m³ to under 14 µg/m³17113–14121 cities: 14 µg/m³ to under 15 µg/m³12114–1585 cities: 15 µg/m³ to under 16 µg/m³8515–1679 cities: 16 µg/m³ to under 17 µg/m³7916–1782 cities: 17 µg/m³ to under 18 µg/m³8217–18131 cities: 18 µg/m³ to under 19 µg/m³13118–19113 cities: 19 µg/m³ to under 20 µg/m³11319–2062 cities: 20 µg/m³ to under 21 µg/m³6220–2170 cities: 21 µg/m³ to under 22 µg/m³7021–2260 cities: 22 µg/m³ to under 23 µg/m³6022–2317 cities: 23 µg/m³ to under 24 µg/m³1723–2435 cities: 24 µg/m³ to under 25 µg/m³3524–259 cities: 25 µg/m³ to under 26 µg/m³925–261 city: 28 µg/m³ to under 29 µg/m³128–29

Annual PM2.5 (µg/m³)

MetricValuePeriodSource
NO₂ — annual mean17.8 µg/m³country median 15.031 Dec 2012Eurostat4Official
PM2.5 — annual mean11.33 µg/m³country median 14.031 Dec 2024EEA Air Quality Annual Statistics — validated PM2.5 station data2Official
Average daytime high by monthJan 13.12 · Feb 13.79 · Mar 16.09 · Apr 19.52 · May 24.7 · Jun 29.84 · Jul 32.53 · Aug 32.67 · Sep 27.54 · Oct 22.83 · Nov 18.22 · Dec 14.31 °C31 Dec 1991World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI22Official
Average night-time low by monthJan 3.7 · Feb 4.09 · Mar 5.64 · Apr 8.13 · May 12.14 · Jun 16.61 · Jul 19.09 · Aug 19.64 · Sep 16.21 · Oct 12.68 · Nov 8.91 · Dec 5.17 °C31 Dec 1991World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI22Official
Average temperature by monthJan 8.4 · Feb 8.95 · Mar 10.86 · Apr 13.82 · May 18.43 · Jun 23.28 · Jul 25.86 · Aug 26.16 · Sep 21.8 · Oct 17.7 · Nov 13.55 · Dec 9.72 °C31 Dec 1991World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI22Official
Average precipitation by monthJan 58.63 · Feb 51.71 · Mar 64.1 · Apr 49.12 · May 41.72 · Jun 29.91 · Jul 22.76 · Aug 25.02 · Sep 69.48 · Oct 101.1 · Nov 97.64 · Dec 73.38 mm31 Dec 1991World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI22Official

Cities of a similar size in Italy

Closest published populations, for a like-for-like comparison.

All Italy cities
Pesaro95,266 residentsLa Spezia92,706 residentsCesena95,730 residentsAlessandria92,522 residentsBarletta92,191 residentsArezzo96,479 residents

Population and city profile

How many people live in Lecce?

The published population was 94,187 people in 2025. Source: ISTAT municipality population and citizenship tables 202513

Who lives hereResidents by nationality, % of population
Lecce residents by nationalityBy nationalityNational passport90.6%Foreign residents 9.4%

Calculated from the population and foreign-resident facts on this page.

MetricValuePeriodSource
Cars per 1,000 residents733.1 cars per 1000 people31 Dec 2024Eurostat5Official
City area239.6 km²2026Official SITUAS report 74 (Comuni - Dimensione): exact municipality surface in km2, with annual area vintage.18Official
Foreign-resident share8.8 %31 Dec 2025Eurostat6Official
Foreign residents8,814 people1 Jan 2026Official ISTAT STRASA estimate of resident foreign population by municipality at 1 January 2026; Età=999 is the total.17Official
Population density394 people/km²1 Jan 2026Official SITUAS report 74 (Comuni - Dimensione): exact municipality surface in km2, with annual area vintage.19Official
Population Female49,266 people31 Dec 2024Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics)7Official
Population Male44,921 people31 Dec 2024Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics)7Official
Population94,187 people1 Jan 2025ISTAT municipality population and citizenship tables 202513Official
Population over time12 published observations, 2014–2025
Population in Lecce by year, residents93,13193,95894,78595,6122014201620182022202594,187residents

Population rose 0.9% between 2014 and 2025, from 93,302 to 94,187.

Foreign residents over time13 published observations, 2014–2026
Foreign residents in Lecce by year, residents5,4696,6677,8649,0622014201620182022202420268,814residents

Foreign residents rose 54.2% between 2014 and 2026, from 5,717 to 8,814.

International community in Lecce

Named groups from exact city-grain official distributions. Citizenship, birthplace, language and ancestry answer different questions and stay separate.

Country of birth

Resident population in Italy at 1 January 2025; source-native country dimension; total sex · 2025-01-01

Published groupPeopleShare
Derived source total (sum of all published country rows)94,187100.0%
Italia84,33789.5%
Albania8140.9%
India7330.8%
Senegal7230.8%
Sri Lanka6580.7%
Filippine6340.7%
Romania5100.5%
Svizzera4300.5%
Germania3970.4%
Show 129 more groups
Published groupPeopleShare
Pakistan3890.4%
Brasile3870.4%
Marocco2960.3%
Nigeria2510.3%
Cina2430.3%
Polonia2120.2%
Iraq2100.2%
Bangladesh1640.2%
Francia1360.1%
Regno Unito1230.1%
Ucraina1190.1%
Afghanistan1150.1%
Argentina1120.1%
Colombia1080.1%
Stati Uniti d'America1060.1%
Bulgaria1030.1%
Federazione russa1020.1%
Montenegro940.1%
Belgio880.1%
Georgia880.1%
Egitto770.1%
Grecia750.1%
Spagna740.1%
Gambia620.1%
Tunisia600.1%
Cuba560.1%
Iran520.1%
Moldova510.1%
Venezuela500.1%
Ghana410.0%
Perù410.0%
Repubblica Dominicana400.0%
Ecuador350.0%
Costa d'Avorio330.0%
Etiopia310.0%
Madagascar300.0%
Siria280.0%
Ungheria270.0%
Kenya260.0%
Libia260.0%
Kosovo250.0%
Canada210.0%
Serbia200.0%
Messico200.0%
Svezia190.0%
Turchia190.0%
Austria180.0%
Macedonia del Nord180.0%
Guinea170.0%
Mali170.0%
Lettonia160.0%
Somalia160.0%
Uruguay160.0%
Indonesia150.0%
Paesi Bassi140.0%
Australia130.0%
Bielorussia120.0%
Irlanda110.0%
Portogallo110.0%
Lituania110.0%
Algeria110.0%
Burkina Faso100.0%
Camerun100.0%
Croazia90.0%
Cile90.0%
Slovenia80.0%
Bosnia-Erzegovina80.0%
Vietnam80.0%
Sudafrica80.0%
Sudan80.0%
Guatemala80.0%
Slovacchia70.0%
Repubblica ceca70.0%
Thailandia70.0%
Bolivia70.0%
Danimarca60.0%
Finlandia60.0%
Corea del Sud60.0%
Giappone60.0%
Eritrea60.0%
Libano50.0%
Armenia50.0%
Sierra Leone50.0%
Kazakhstan40.0%
Capo Verde40.0%
Togo40.0%
Repubblica Democratica del Congo40.0%
Estonia30.0%
Palestina30.0%
Kuwait30.0%
Azerbaigian30.0%
Mauritania30.0%
Mozambico30.0%
Ruanda30.0%
Islanda20.0%
Lussemburgo20.0%
Norvegia20.0%
Arabia Saudita20.0%
Cipro20.0%
Israele20.0%
Nepal20.0%
Uzbekistan20.0%
Taiwan20.0%
Congo20.0%
Gabon20.0%
Guinea-Bissau20.0%
Liberia20.0%
Maurizio20.0%
Niger20.0%
Tanzania20.0%
Uganda20.0%
Costa Rica20.0%
Paraguay20.0%
Malta10.0%
Monaco10.0%
Emirati Arabi Uniti10.0%
Giordania10.0%
Laos10.0%
Qatar10.0%
Benin10.0%
Burundi10.0%
Repubblica Centrafricana10.0%
Ciad10.0%
Seychelles10.0%
Zambia10.0%
Zimbabwe10.0%
Panama10.0%
Trinidad e Tobago10.0%
Nuova Zelanda10.0%

Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source15

Citizenship

Resident population in Italy at 1 January 2025; source-native country dimension; total sex · 2025-01-01

Published groupPeopleShare
Derived source total (sum of all published country rows)94,187100.0%
Italia85,85591.2%
Filippine8510.9%
Senegal8210.9%
India7730.8%
Sri Lanka7580.8%
Albania5410.6%
Romania4990.5%
Pakistan3930.4%
Nigeria3310.4%
Show 108 more groups
Published groupPeopleShare
Cina3250.3%
Brasile2530.3%
Marocco2470.3%
Iraq2080.2%
Bangladesh1860.2%
Polonia1730.2%
Montenegro1730.2%
Afghanistan1080.1%
Bulgaria940.1%
Georgia900.1%
Ucraina810.1%
Egitto720.1%
Federazione russa630.1%
Spagna610.1%
Gambia610.1%
Stati Uniti d'America590.1%
Francia580.1%
Regno Unito580.1%
Tunisia570.1%
Germania500.1%
Colombia490.1%
Iran460.0%
Ghana430.0%
Grecia380.0%
Kosovo360.0%
Costa d'Avorio350.0%
Serbia280.0%
Siria280.0%
Argentina260.0%
Moldova250.0%
Cuba250.0%
Repubblica Dominicana250.0%
Kenya230.0%
Perù220.0%
Belgio210.0%
Guinea200.0%
Ecuador200.0%
Venezuela200.0%
Ungheria170.0%
Lettonia160.0%
Mali160.0%
Madagascar150.0%
Indonesia120.0%
Turchia120.0%
Somalia120.0%
Portogallo110.0%
Lituania100.0%
Messico100.0%
Irlanda90.0%
Algeria90.0%
Burkina Faso90.0%
Camerun90.0%
Canada90.0%
Austria80.0%
Paesi Bassi80.0%
Svezia80.0%
Sudan80.0%
Finlandia70.0%
Svizzera70.0%
Bielorussia70.0%
Etiopia70.0%
Sudafrica70.0%
Slovacchia60.0%
Libano50.0%
Armenia50.0%
Croazia40.0%
Macedonia del Nord40.0%
Repubblica ceca40.0%
Capo Verde40.0%
Sierra Leone40.0%
Uganda40.0%
Eritrea40.0%
Uruguay40.0%
Danimarca30.0%
Bosnia-Erzegovina30.0%
Corea del Sud30.0%
Palestina30.0%
Giappone30.0%
Vietnam30.0%
Libia30.0%
Ruanda30.0%
Togo30.0%
Islanda20.0%
Estonia20.0%
Israele20.0%
Nepal20.0%
Thailandia20.0%
Kazakhstan20.0%
Taiwan20.0%
Congo20.0%
Guinea-Bissau20.0%
Maurizio20.0%
Niger20.0%
Guatemala20.0%
Cile20.0%
Australia20.0%
Slovenia10.0%
Laos10.0%
Qatar10.0%
Uzbekistan10.0%
Azerbaigian10.0%
Benin10.0%
Ciad10.0%
Liberia10.0%
Mauritania10.0%
Tanzania10.0%
Zimbabwe10.0%
Paraguay10.0%

Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source14

Is Lecce a good place to live?

There is no universal answer. The profile scores below show who the available published evidence may suit; they are a decision aid, not a personal recommendation.

Try your profile
Remote worker52%strong on work, weak on safety · range 42–62%
Skilled employee63%strong on work, weak on safety · range 54–72%
Student65%strong on education, weak on safety · range 55–75%
Family63%strong on family, weak on safety · range 52–74%
Retirement52%strong on legal route, weak on admin · range 40–64%
Foreign residents8,814 people1 Jan 2026Official source · Official ISTAT STRASA estimate of resident foreign population by municipality at 1 January 2026; Età=999 is the total.
Population94,187 people1 Jan 2025Official source · ISTAT municipality population and citizenship tables 2025
Average net rent (nettokalt)5.33 EUR/m²/month31 Dec 2025Official source · Collected source
Dwellings56,196 dwellings31 Dec 2021Official source · Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics)
People in employment35,600 people31 Dec 2021Official source · Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics)
Median gross salary (regional)1,353 EUR/month31 Dec 2024Official source · servizi2.inps.it
Every value keeps its source, geographic scope and verification date · Last checked 2026-09-03

Additional context

MetricValuePeriodSource
G05 Non Citizen Share Pct8.85 %31 Dec 2024Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics)11Official
Households47,500 households31 Dec 2024Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics)12Official

Yes — migrants can receive medical care in Lecce when the national insurance or residence conditions are met.

Healthcare access follows the country-wide insurance rules; local capacity facts remain city data and are not used as proof of eligibility.

Open the official coverage guide
Country rule verified 2026-08-03.

Common questions

Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.

How many people live in Lecce?

The published population was 94,187 people in 2025. Source: ISTAT municipality population and citizenship tables 2025.

How much does it cost to rent in Lecce?

Average net cold rent is about 5.33 EUR/m² per month (2025-S2), excluding heating and operating charges. For a 70 m² flat that is about 373 EUR a month before utilities. Source: Collected source.

Is the air quality good in Lecce?

The annual PM2.5 mean is about 11.3 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³. Source: EEA Air Quality Annual Statistics — validated PM2.5 station data.

What is the unemployment rate in Lecce?

The unemployment rate is about 11.4 % (2023). Source: Eurostat.

What is the typical salary around Lecce?

The median gross salary is 1,353 EUR/month. Source: servizi2.inps.it.

How many foreign residents live in Lecce?

8,814 people residents hold a foreign nationality. Source: Official ISTAT STRASA estimate of resident foreign population by municipality at 1 January 2026; Età=999 is the total..

Is Lecce a good place to live?

Lecce may suit different people for different reasons. The page's profile scores compare published cost, work, housing, safety, healthcare and other available factors; they are a decision aid, not a universal recommendation.

How many people born in Derived source total (sum of all published country rows) live in Lecce?

The official country of birth distribution records 94,187 people (100.0%) in the source-defined population for 2025-01-01. This is a country of birth measure, not a general estimate of ethnicity or migration status.

Cite this page

Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.

APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, September 12). Lecce, Italy: rent, salary, jobs, climate [ImmigrationDB compilation; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/cities/it/lecce/ Retrieved 2026-09-12. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_lecce-italy-rent-salary-jobs-climate_2eb86d1f62a6,
  author = {ImmigrationDB},
  title = {Lecce, Italy: rent, salary, jobs, climate},
  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-09-12},
  version = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  snapshot = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/cities/it/lecce/},
  note = {Retrieved 2026-09-12. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}
Markdown citation
[Lecce, Italy: rent, salary, jobs, climate](https://immigrationdb.com/cities/it/lecce/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; retrieved 2026-09-12; built 2026-09-12.

This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.

Sources

JSON Markdown
  1. Collected source www1.agenziaentrate.gov.it · checked 2026-08-05
  2. EEA Air Quality Annual Statistics — validated PM2.5 station data EEA Air Quality Annual Statistics · air.discomap.eea.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-26
  3. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-02
  4. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-03
  5. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-03
  6. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-02
  7. Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics) istat.it · checked 2026-08-07
  8. Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics) esploradati.istat.it · checked 2026-08-07
  9. Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics) esploradati.istat.it · checked 2026-08-07
  10. Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics) esploradati.istat.it · checked 2026-08-07
Show 12 more sources
  1. Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics) istat.it · checked 2026-08-07
  2. Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics) esploradati.istat.it · checked 2026-08-07
  3. ISTAT municipality population and citizenship tables 2025 demo.istat.it · checked 2026-07-26
  4. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica (Istat), Italy citizenship distribution demo.istat.it · checked 2026-08-28
  5. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica (Istat), Italy country_of_birth distribution demo.istat.it · checked 2026-08-28
  6. Ministero dell'Istruzione e del Merito (dati.istruzione.it) dati.istruzione.it · checked 2026-08-03
  7. Official ISTAT STRASA estimate of resident foreign population by municipality at 1 January 2026; Età=999 is the total. demo.istat.it · checked 2026-07-15
  8. Official SITUAS report 74 (Comuni - Dimensione): exact municipality surface in km2, with annual area vintage. situas-servizi.istat.it · checked 2026-07-15
  9. Official SITUAS report 74 (Comuni - Dimensione): exact municipality surface in km2, with annual area vintage. demo.istat.it · checked 2026-07-15
  10. OurAirports davidmegginson.github.io · checked 2026-08-03
  11. servizi2.inps.it servizi2.inps.it · checked 2026-08-27
  12. World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI ncei.noaa.gov · checked 2026-08-02

Spotted a number that looks wrong? Every value here carries its source and date — tell us what you found and we will re-check it against the source.