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Moving to Italy

Italy country facts, largest cities, hub labels and reports.

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Across 198 passports, 93 passports enter visa-free and 105 passports need a visa for Italy. Check your passport below.

Visa-free
93
Visa required
105

198 accepted passport rules · rules effective as of 2026-09-05

Visa and entry rules

Short stay and entry198 source-backed passport answersHighly SkilledOfficial route overview and current conditions.Remote Or Digital NomadNon-EU citizen working remotely in Italy; digital nomad or remote worker in a highly qualified profession. · Income threshold: Approximately EUR 25,500 legal income per year.Entrepreneur StartupApplicants seeking Italy's startup self-employment visa must intend to establish an innovative startup in Italy and provide certification of the financial reference parameters requ.Permanent ResidenceApplicants generally need five years of lawful residence in Italy and must meet the Italian-language knowledge condition for the EU long-term resident permit.WorkOfficial route overview and current conditions.

Sources checked through 3 Sept 2026.

Work and income

What is the unemployment rate in Italy?

The national unemployment rate was 6.1 % in 2025. Source: Eurostat — Unemployment by sex and age — annual data (une_rt_a)13

This is the Eurostat labour-force survey series used as the canonical national answer. Other published definitions exist and are shown in the table below.

What is the median gross salary in Italy?

The median gross salary was 2,259 EUR/month in 2022.

Half of employees earn less than this. Mean gross and national-accounts averages use different definitions and are shown in the table below. national-accounts average — shown in the table below.

  • Median gross salary, monthly: 2,259 EUR/month · Eurostat (Structure of Earnings Survey, earn_ses_monthly)14
  • Average gross salary, monthly: 2,000 EUR/month · 2026-07-25 · Eurostat — National accounts aggregates (nama_10_a10) and employment (nama_10_a10_e)12
MetricValuePeriodSource
Median gross salary, monthly2,259 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Eurostat (Structure of Earnings Survey, earn_ses_monthly)14Official · national figure
National unemployment rate6.1 %31 Dec 2025Eurostat — Unemployment by sex and age — annual data (une_rt_a)13Official · national figure
Unemployment across cities in ItalyOf 2,385 cities with data, 1,023 have unemployment of 4 to under 6%.

Typical city (median): about 6.0%

unemployment rate, % · measured cities in Italy per band9 cities: 0% to under 2%90–2155 cities: 2% to under 4%1552–41023 cities: 4% to under 6%10234–6316 cities: 6% to under 8%3166–8232 cities: 8% to under 10%2328–10335 cities: 10% to under 12%33510–12189 cities: 12% to under 14%18912–1485 cities: 14% to under 16%8514–1621 cities: 16% to under 18%2116–1814 cities: 18% to under 20%1418–203 cities: 20% to under 22%320–222 cities: 22% to under 24%222–241 city: 24% to under 26%124–26

Unemployment rate (%)

Annual PM2.5 across cities in ItalyOf 1,690 cities with data, 728 have annual PM2.5 of 10 to under 15 µg/m³.

Typical city (median): about 14.0 µg/m³

annual PM2.5, µg/m³ · measured cities in Italy per band8 cities: 0 µg/m³ to under 5 µg/m³80–5210 cities: 5 µg/m³ to under 10 µg/m³2105–10728 cities: 10 µg/m³ to under 15 µg/m³72810–15490 cities: 15 µg/m³ to under 20 µg/m³49015–20244 cities: 20 µg/m³ to under 25 µg/m³24420–2510 cities: 25 µg/m³ to under 30 µg/m³1025–30

Annual PM2.5 (µg/m³)

Public employment service in Italy

Official job-search, registration, counselling and training routes. Private recruitment agencies are not included.

Centri per l'impiego — Public employment service

Italian public employment services / regional employment centres

Job SearchTraining
Search jobs

A national service does not prove that an office exists in every city. City pages show an office only after an exact address is linked to that city. Sources checked through 10 Aug 2026.

Taxes in Italy

National rates and comparable published scenarios. Personal tax depends on income, household and residence circumstances.

What does an average earner take home in Italy?

A single person on an average wage keeps about 26,118 EUR/year of about 36,594 EUR/year gross per year — 71.4% of pay.

Standardized OECD Taxing Wages (standardized scenario): single person, no children, earning the average wage. The same scenario is published for every covered country, so take-home shares compare directly.

Gross-to-net decomposition, 2025
ComponentAmount / year
Net wage earnings, kept26,118
Income taxes−7,003
Employee social contributions−3,473
Gross wage earnings36,594
  • Gross-to-net pay for a sample household: single person no children — 36,594 gross → 26,118 net a year (2025, national currency) · Taxing Wages 2026 — labour taxation decomposition
Top income-tax rate43 %
Corporate tax rate24 %
Employee income tax, yearly11,873 EUR/year
Employee social contributions, yearly9,714 EUR/year
Verified from the linked official or intergovernmental records. Open the primary source. Sources checked through 3 Aug 2026.

Benefits newcomers may qualify for in Italy

Public schemes where an official source defines an eligible migration or residence status. Amounts and conditions are kept in their native terms.

ProgrammePublished amountSource and application

Accoglienza per richiedenti asilo — Arrival and reception support

Amount varies

Ministry of the Interior / reception authority

Check official eligibility
Eligibility and amount details

The current Italian Ministry reception guide confirms accommodation, reception services and that a cash subsidy may be provided in the reception phase, but it does not state one national EUR rate in the checked source. Support varies with reception phase, assigned accommodation and services; no fixed amount is asserted.

The official Italian Ministry of the Interior reception guide states: ‘L’accoglienza è il sostegno che ricevi come richiedente mentre aspetti che le autorità concludano l’esame della tua domanda di protezione internazionale.’ . The guide also identifies the Ministry of the Interior as the authority responsible for reception in Italy; placement, accommodation and the other statutory reception conditions still apply.

Assegno di Inclusione (ADI) — Minimum-income support

Amount set per household by formula / Annual

National Institute for Social Security (INPS)

Open official application
Eligibility and amount details

Quota A integrates family income up to an annual threshold of EUR 6,500 multiplied by the ADI equivalence-scale parameter; the payable amount is the difference after household-income assessment. For qualifying elderly/severe-disability households the source states EUR 8,190 before the same scale.

The INPS ADI page lists EU citizens or family members with residence rights; third-country nationals with an EU long-term residence permit; and holders of international protection or stateless status, with a five-year residence requirement. It separately includes special-case residence permit holders under Italian TUI Articles 18, 18bis and 18ter under the published exception rules.

Assegno di Inclusione (ADI) — quota B, housing support for rented accommodation — Housing support

Amount set per household by formula / Annual

National Institute for Social Security (INPS) / competent municipality

Open official application
Eligibility and amount details

Quota B is the rental-support component for a household living in a dwelling with a properly registered lease; the amount is based on the annual rent and statutory household caps, so no single national payment amount is invented. The current INPS page also states the 2026 rental-household income threshold of EUR 10,140.

ADI consists of two parts: family-income integration up to a threshold (quota A) and support for households resident in rented accommodation with a duly registered lease (quota B). Eligible applicants include EU citizens/family members with residence rights, third-country nationals with an EU long-term residence permit, and holders of international protection or stateless status, subject to the published five-year residence requirement and other conditions.

Assegno unico e universale per i figli a carico (AUU) — Family and child support

58.3–203.8 EUR / Monthly

National Institute for Social Security (INPS)

Open official application
Eligibility and amount details

Per minor child: maximum EUR 203.80 with ISEE up to EUR 17,468.51; minimum EUR 58.30 without ISEE or with ISEE at least EUR 46,582.71.

The INPS AUU page lists EU citizens or family members with residence rights; third-country nationals with an EU long-term residence permit; single-work-permit holders authorised for work over six months; research-permit holders authorised to stay over six months; and jobseeker residence-permit holders, subject to the published citizenship, residence and stay conditions.

Nuova prestazione di Assicurazione Sociale per l’Impiego (NASpI) — Unemployment support

Amount set per household by formula / Monthly

National Institute for Social Security (INPS)

Open official application
Eligibility and amount details

Formula based on average monthly taxable remuneration over the last four years; 2026 reference threshold EUR 1,456.72 and maximum monthly amount EUR 1,584.70.

INPS's ‘Parità di trattamento’ page says that foreign workers in Italy have the same rights as Italian citizens for social-security and assistance benefits subject to statutory conditions, and that persons of any nationality who perform paid dependent work in Italy are subject to Italian social insurance. INPS's NASpI service says NASpI is due to subordinate workers who involuntarily lost employment and meet the contribution and unemployment conditions. This bounded profile is a foreign worker with subordinate employment insured in Italy, subject to the NASpI conditions.

ImmigrationDB shows published rules; it does not decide personal eligibility. Confirm your status, contribution record and household circumstances with the responsible authority before applying. Sources checked through 12 Aug 2026.

Can migrants receive medical care in Italy?

Yes — migrants can receive medical care in Italy when the official insurance or residence conditions are met.

Verified 2026-08-03. Open the official coverage rules.

Language courses and integration in Italy

Government programmes, public integration services and exact provider records. The section expands only from fields present in the source; missing prices, refunds or contacts are not replaced with estimates.

3verified programmes
1cities with exact local records
5verified location records
1listed providers

CPIA public Italian-language and orientation courses for foreign adults — State Language Course

Italian public adult-education system — Centri Provinciali per l'Istruzione degli Adulti

For foreign adults, people seeking Italian language and culture courses.

ItalianCEFR A2In Personvaries
Open official information

L.O.R.R. — Language, Orientation, Recognition and Networks with CPIA — Job-related language course

Italian Ministry of Labour and Social Policies / FAMI 2021-2027 programme

For third-country nationals, vulnerable migrants, unaccompanied minors.

ItalianIn Person, Onlinenot_published
Open official information

LGNet3 Laboratorio di Lingua Italiana — Roma — Integration course

Roma Capitale / LGNet3 project

For migrant participants.

ItalianCEFR A2–B1In Personnot_published
Open official information
Country programmes describe the national or named local framework. Availability in a city is shown only when a source names that place exactly. Sources checked through 2026-08-10.

Living and moving context for Italy

Italy had GDP per capita of US$43,309 in 2025 and life expectancy of 84.0 years in 2024. The national unemployment rate was 6.1% in 2025. There were 4.191 doctors per 1,000 people in 2022. For 2024, estimated employee amounts were €11,873 a year in income tax and €9,714 in social contributions. In 2024, the groceries price level index was 96.5 on an EU27=100 basis. Monthly estimates were €309 for groceries and €116 for utilities; household electricity was €0.337/kWh and gas was €0.105/kWh. Average gross salary was €2,000 per month and national median net income was €1,603 per month in 2024. Estimated monthly net income was €2,110 for one person, €2,508 for a couple and €2,893 for a family. The national crime rate was 3,969.2 offences per 100,000 people in 2023.

#1 by populationRome2,745,062 residents#2 by populationMilano1,365,698 residents#3 by populationNapoli909,013 residents

Italy cities by population

The largest published cities appear first. Population is taken from the reusable official city layer; hub labels come from the existing city taxonomy.

Open city finder
CityPopulationNet rent, €/m²/monthMedian gross salary, €/month
Rome2,745,062Population17.15Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Milano1,365,698Population30.00Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Napoli909,013Population9.10Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Torino853,196Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Palermo628,693Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Genova564,080Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Bologna390,151Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Firenze361,705Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Bari315,831Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Catania298,054Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Verona255,039Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Venezia249,490Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Messina217,033Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Cagliari214,929Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Padova207,412Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Brescia199,853Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Parma198,693Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Trieste198,388Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Prato197,057Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Taranto186,011Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
All published cities in Italy

Reports with this country

Accepted report pages with a row for this country.

All reports
Cities meeting the WHO PM2.5 annual guideline Cities with the highest car density Cities with the largest foreign populations Cities with the lowest annual PM2.5 Cities with the most published annual sunshine Countries with the highest published family income after groceries and utilities
Foreign residents5,371,251 people31 Dec 2025Official source · Eurostat
Population58,952,704 people31 Dec 2024Official source · World Bank
Median gross salary, monthly2,259 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Official source · Eurostat (Structure of Earnings Survey, earn_ses_monthly)
National unemployment rate6.1 %31 Dec 2025Official source · Eurostat — Unemployment by sex and age — annual data (une_rt_a)
Public healthcare access for foreign residentsConditional3 Aug 2026Official source · Portale Integrazione Migranti — Government of Italy
Area302,070 km²31 Dec 2023Official source · World Bank
74 country facts · 2,396 cities · Last checked 2026-09-06

Italy facts

Current source-backed observations, grouped the way the city pages are, with geographic scope and observation periods.

Population and profile

How many people live in Italy?

The published population was 58,952,704 people in 2024. Source: World Bank38

National, resident population scope. Foreign-resident and migration-background figures are separate metrics in the table below.

How many foreign residents live in Italy?

The foreign-resident population was 5,371,251 people in 2025. Source: Eurostat5

Residents without Italy citizenship. The migration-background population is a broader measure and appears in the table below.

MetricValuePeriodSource
Foreign residents5,371,251 people31 Dec 2025Eurostat5Official · national figure
Population58,952,704 people31 Dec 2024World Bank38Official · national figure

Legal, tax and other context

MetricValuePeriodSource
Public healthcare access for foreign residentsConditional3 Aug 2026Portale Integrazione Migranti — Government of Italy34Official · national figure
Area302,070 km²31 Dec 2023World Bank39Official · national figure
Cost level against the capital96.5 index (EU27=100)31 Dec 2024Eurostat — Comparative price levels and HICP (prc_ppp_ind, prc_hicp_midx)9Official · national
Gross-to-net pay for a sample householdsingle person no children — 36,594 gross → 26,118 net a year (2025, national currency)31 Dec 2025Taxing Wages 2026 — labour taxation decomposition35Official · country household scenario
Population by year59,030,133 people (2022)1 Jan 2022Population on 1 January by age and sex (DEMO_PJAN)33Official · country annual series
Salary by professionService and sales workers — 1,862 EUR/month (2022)31 Dec 2022Mean monthly earnings by sex, occupation and size class of the enterprise (2022)23Official · country occupation
Doctors per 1,000 residents4.19 per 1,00031 Dec 2022World Bank indicator SH.MED.PHYS.ZS42Official · national figure
Household electricity price0.337 EUR/kWh31 Dec 2024Eurostat — Household energy prices (nrg_pc_204 electricity, nrg_pc_202 gas)11Official · national
Employer social contribution rate31.58 %31 Dec 2025OECD25Official · national figure
People employed in agriculture, forestry and fishing951,000 people2025ec.europa.eu2Official · national figure
People employed in mining and quarrying18,800 people2025ec.europa.eu2Official · national figure
People employed in manufacturing3,922,600 people2025ec.europa.eu2Official · national figure
People employed in electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning86,100 people2025ec.europa.eu2Official · national figure
People employed in water supply, sewerage and waste management259,400 people2025ec.europa.eu2Official · national figure
People employed in construction1,897,800 people2025ec.europa.eu2Official · national figure
People employed in wholesale and retail trade; motor vehicle and motorcycle repair3,817,400 people2025ec.europa.eu2Official · national figure
People employed in transportation and storage1,228,800 people2025ec.europa.eu2Official · national figure
People employed in accommodation and food services1,921,800 people2025ec.europa.eu2Official · national figure
People employed in information and communication682,900 people2025ec.europa.eu2Official · national figure
People employed in finance and insurance621,100 people2025ec.europa.eu2Official · national figure
People employed in real estate188,400 people2025ec.europa.eu2Official · national figure
People employed in professional, scientific and technical services1,981,700 people2025ec.europa.eu2Official · national figure
People employed in administrative and support services1,597,400 people2025ec.europa.eu2Official · national figure
People employed in public administration, defence and compulsory social security1,221,400 people2025ec.europa.eu2Official · national figure

Common questions

Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.

What is the unemployment rate in Italy?

The national unemployment rate was 6.1 % in 2025. Source: Eurostat — Unemployment by sex and age — annual data (une_rt_a).

How many people live in Italy?

The published population was 58,952,704 people in 2024. Source: World Bank.

What is the median gross salary in Italy?

The median gross salary was 2,259 EUR/month in 2022. Source: Eurostat (Structure of Earnings Survey, earn_ses_monthly).

Cite this page

Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.

APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, September 12). Moving to Italy: salary, cost of living [ImmigrationDB compilation; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/countries/italy/ Retrieved 2026-09-12. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_moving-to-italy-salary-cost-of-living_cc0e078acb69,
  author = {ImmigrationDB},
  title = {Moving to Italy: salary, cost of living},
  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-09-12},
  version = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  snapshot = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/countries/italy/},
  note = {Retrieved 2026-09-12. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}
Markdown citation
[Moving to Italy: salary, cost of living](https://immigrationdb.com/countries/italy/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; retrieved 2026-09-12; built 2026-09-12.

This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.

Sources

Every number above comes from one of these records. Open the original source for its geographic scope and publication date.

  1. Agenzia delle Entrate, Italy www1.agenziaentrate.gov.it · checked 2026-08-03
  2. ec.europa.eu ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-12
  3. EF EPI ef.com · checked 2026-08-03
  4. European Medicines Agency ema.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-03
  5. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-20
  6. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-07
  7. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-05
  8. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-05
  9. Eurostat — Comparative price levels and HICP (prc_ppp_ind, prc_hicp_midx) Eurostat · ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-14
  10. Eurostat — Distribution of income by household composition (ilc_di04) Eurostat · ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-26
Show 37 more sources
  1. Eurostat — Household energy prices (nrg_pc_204 electricity, nrg_pc_202 gas) Eurostat · ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-14
  2. Eurostat — National accounts aggregates (nama_10_a10) and employment (nama_10_a10_e) Eurostat · ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-26
  3. Eurostat — Unemployment by sex and age — annual data (une_rt_a) Eurostat · ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-26
  4. Eurostat (Structure of Earnings Survey, earn_ses_monthly) ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-03
  5. Eurostat crim_off_cat (ICCS0101, NR) ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-09-05
  6. Eurostat demo_pjan ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-09-05
  7. Eurostat hbs_exp_t121 ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-09-06
  8. Eurostat ilc_di03 ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-09-06
  9. Globalization and World Cities (GaWC), Loughborough University gawc.lboro.ac.uk · checked 2026-08-03
  10. Hospital beds (per 1,000 people) data.worldbank.org · checked 2026-08-13
  11. Invest in Italy — official Government of Italy portal Invest in Italy · investinitaly.gov.it · checked 2026-08-03
  12. Istat — Italian Statistical Yearbook 2024, Chapter 6, Table 6.14 Istat · istat.it · checked 2026-07-29
  13. Mean monthly earnings by sex, occupation and size class of the enterprise (2022) ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-30
  14. MIPEX mirovni-institut.si · checked 2026-08-03
  15. OECD sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-08-08
  16. OECD sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-08-08
  17. OECD Centre for Tax Policy and Administration sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-08-03
  18. OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Innovation sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-08-07
  19. OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Innovation sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-08-07
  20. OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Innovation sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-08-07
  21. OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Innovation sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-08-05
  22. Physicians (per 1,000 people) data.worldbank.org · checked 2026-08-13
  23. Population on 1 January by age and sex (DEMO_PJAN) ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-29
  24. Portale Integrazione Migranti — Government of Italy Portale Integrazione Migranti · integrazionemigranti.gov.it · checked 2026-08-03
  25. Taxing Wages 2026 — labour taxation decomposition Taxing Wages 2026 · sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-07-29
  26. WHO GHO RS_196/RS_198 ghoapi.azureedge.net · checked 2026-09-05
  27. WHO GHO RS_196/RS_198 ghoapi.azureedge.net · checked 2026-09-05
  28. World Bank api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-08-02
  29. World Bank api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-08-02
  30. World Bank api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-08-02
  31. World Bank indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-07-14
  32. World Bank indicator SH.MED.PHYS.ZS api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-07-14
  33. World Bank indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-07-14
  34. World Bank Open Data api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-08-07
  35. World Bank Open Data api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-08-07
  36. World Bank SP.POP.TOTL api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-09-05
  37. OECD — Taxing Wages (DF_TAXINGWAGES) tax wedge and net income OECD · oecd.org · checked 2026-07-14