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Living in Parma

Parma is a city in Italy. The city covers 260.6 km², with a population density of 765.4 people per km² at the start of 2026. The city had 108,661 dwellings in 2023.

Lower unemployment than 64% of Italian cities that publish it and dirtier air than 61% of Italian cities that publish it.

Which Italy-wide rules apply when you move to Parma?

National rules stay on the country page instead of being relabelled as city data.

Visa and entry rulesPassport-specific entry and national residence context.BenefitsCountry-wide eligibility and official application routes.Taxes in ItalyNational rates and thresholds that apply in Parma.Healthcare eligibilityCountry-wide insurance and residence conditions.

Housing and cost

How much does it cost to rent in Parma?

Average net cold rent is 7 EUR/m² per month (2025-S2), excluding heating and operating charges.

Published average over existing tenancies; a specific flat can sit either side of it. Asking-rent series, where present, are separate rows in the table.

  • Average net rent (nettokalt): 7 EUR/m²/month · Collected source1
What recurs every month6 published recurring costs, € per month
Parma recurring monthly costs, € per month

€ / month

Private kindergarten€575
Utilities, 85 m² flat€188
Fitness club€65
Transport pass€34
Internet, 60 Mbps€29
Mobile plan, 10 GB€13

Supplemental estimate lane; these items are not official statistics.

Net rent across major citiesParma highlighted among comparable cities
Net rent across major cities with Parma highlighted

net rent, € / m² / month

Milano€30.00
Rome€17.15
Napoli€9.10
MetricValuePeriodSource
Fitness club membership, monthly65 EUR/month31 Dec 2024Numbeo — Cost of Living in Parma (Wayback capture 20241213020158)24Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Internet, 60 Mbps unlimited28.65 EUR/month31 Dec 2024Numbeo — Cost of Living in Parma (Wayback capture 20241213020158)24Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Private kindergarten, monthly575 EUR/month31 Dec 2024Numbeo — Cost of Living in Parma (Wayback capture 20241213020158)24Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Mobile plan, 10 GB13.29 EUR/month31 Dec 2024Numbeo — Cost of Living in Parma (Wayback capture 20241213020158)24Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Monthly transport pass34 EUR/month31 Dec 2024Numbeo — Cost of Living in Parma (Wayback capture 20241213020158)24Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Basic utilities, 85 m² home188.3 EUR/month31 Dec 2024Numbeo — Cost of Living in Parma (Wayback capture 20241213020158)24Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Dwellings108,661 dwellings31 Dec 2023ISTAT permanent population and housing census by census section and municipality11Official
G05 Main Residential Dwellings90,600 dwellings31 Dec 2021Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics)6Official
Average net rent (nettokalt)7 EUR/m²/month31 Dec 2025Collected source1Official · municipality zone median

Worked out from these numbers

What does a 60 m² flat cost?

About 420 EUR a month in cold rent at the published average of 7 EUR/m² per month, before heating and operating charges.

Heating, water and operating charges come on top, and a specific flat can sit either side of an average.

Source period: 2025-S2

Work and income

What is the unemployment rate in Parma?

The unemployment rate is about 5.2 % (2023).

  • Unemployment rate: 5.22 % · Eurostat2
Unemployment across cities in ItalyUnemployment in Parma is 5.2%. Of 2,385 cities with data, 1,023 have unemployment of 4 to under 6%.
unemployment rate, % · measured cities in Italy per band9 cities: 0% to under 2%90–2155 cities: 2% to under 4%1552–41023 cities: 4% to under 6%10234–6Parma 5.2%316 cities: 6% to under 8%3166–8232 cities: 8% to under 10%2328–10335 cities: 10% to under 12%33510–12189 cities: 12% to under 14%18912–1485 cities: 14% to under 16%8514–1621 cities: 16% to under 18%2116–1814 cities: 18% to under 20%1418–203 cities: 20% to under 22%320–222 cities: 22% to under 24%222–241 city: 24% to under 26%124–26

Unemployment rate (%)

MetricValuePeriodSource
People in employment92,048 people31 Dec 2021Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics)7Official
Median gross salary (regional)2,396 EUR/month31 Dec 2024servizi2.inps.it23Official
Unemployment rate5.22 %country median 6.0%31 Dec 2023Eurostat2Official
Unemployment rate over time8 published observations, 2001–2023
Unemployment rate in Parma by year, %3.7%5.8%7.8%9.9%20012018202020235.2%%

Unemployment rate rose 25.5% between 2001 and 2023, from 4.2% to 5.2%.

Public employment service

No exact public employment office is currently linked to Parma. The verified national service may still offer online registration, job search or an official office finder.

Country-level information

Centri per l'impiego — Public employment service

Italian public employment services / regional employment centres

Job SearchTraining
Search jobs
Open the Italy service overview

Country-level service information is not treated as proof of a physical office in Parma. Sources checked through 10 Aug 2026.

Family and education

The city had 150 schools in August 2025.

MetricValuePeriodSource
Schools150 schools31 Aug 2025MIM Open Data - Anagrafe scuole statali e paritarie14Official
Primary School Count35 count3 Aug 2026Ministero dell'Istruzione e del Merito (dati.istruzione.it)15Official
School Count149 count3 Aug 2026Ministero dell'Istruzione e del Merito (dati.istruzione.it)15Official

Mobility and administration

MetricValuePeriodSource
Destinations from nearest airport4 count3 Aug 2026OpenFlights21Official
Nearest airportPMF3 Aug 2026OurAirports22Official
Distance to nearest airport4 km3 Aug 2026OurAirports22Official

Language courses and integration

No exact city-level course record is currently published for Parma. These verified national programmes may still apply; use the official programme page to check local availability.

Country-level information

CPIA public Italian-language and orientation courses for foreign adults — State Language Course

Italian public adult-education system — Centri Provinciali per l'Istruzione degli Adulti

For foreign adults, people seeking Italian language and culture courses.

ItalianCEFR A2In Personvaries
Open official information

L.O.R.R. — Language, Orientation, Recognition and Networks with CPIA — Job-related language course

Italian Ministry of Labour and Social Policies / FAMI 2021-2027 programme

For third-country nationals, vulnerable migrants, unaccompanied minors.

ItalianIn Person, Onlinenot_published
Open official information
Open the full Italy section
National programme information is not treated as proof of a course location in Parma.

Climate and air quality

Annual NO₂ was 16 µg/m³ in 2025. Annual PM10 was 25 µg/m³ in 2025.

Is the air quality good in Parma?

The annual PM2.5 mean is 16 µg/m³ (2025) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³. Source: Official annual background concentration municipality summary; Mediana of the source municipality grid distribution17

Annual mean at the measuring site(s) serving the city; current-day readings differ.

Air quality vs health guidelinesAnnual means against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limits
Parma annual air pollutant levels against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limitsCity valueWHO guidelineEU limit52516.0PM2.5154025.0PM10104016.0NO₂µg/m³

City values from the published air-quality observations. WHO 2021 guidelines and EU limit values are published constants.

PM2.5 across cities in ItalyAnnual PM2.5 in Parma is 16.0 µg/m³. Of 1,690 cities with data, 204 have annual PM2.5 of 12 to under 13 µg/m³.
annual PM2.5, µg/m³ · measured cities in Italy per band7 cities: 3 µg/m³ to under 4 µg/m³73–41 city: 4 µg/m³ to under 5 µg/m³14–512 cities: 5 µg/m³ to under 6 µg/m³125–68 cities: 6 µg/m³ to under 7 µg/m³86–714 cities: 7 µg/m³ to under 8 µg/m³147–855 cities: 8 µg/m³ to under 9 µg/m³558–9121 cities: 9 µg/m³ to under 10 µg/m³1219–10118 cities: 10 µg/m³ to under 11 µg/m³11810–11114 cities: 11 µg/m³ to under 12 µg/m³11411–12204 cities: 12 µg/m³ to under 13 µg/m³20412–13171 cities: 13 µg/m³ to under 14 µg/m³17113–14121 cities: 14 µg/m³ to under 15 µg/m³12114–1585 cities: 15 µg/m³ to under 16 µg/m³8515–1679 cities: 16 µg/m³ to under 17 µg/m³7916–17Parma 16.082 cities: 17 µg/m³ to under 18 µg/m³8217–18131 cities: 18 µg/m³ to under 19 µg/m³13118–19113 cities: 19 µg/m³ to under 20 µg/m³11319–2062 cities: 20 µg/m³ to under 21 µg/m³6220–2170 cities: 21 µg/m³ to under 22 µg/m³7021–2260 cities: 22 µg/m³ to under 23 µg/m³6022–2317 cities: 23 µg/m³ to under 24 µg/m³1723–2435 cities: 24 µg/m³ to under 25 µg/m³3524–259 cities: 25 µg/m³ to under 26 µg/m³925–261 city: 28 µg/m³ to under 29 µg/m³128–29

Annual PM2.5 (µg/m³)

MetricValuePeriodSource
NO₂ — annual mean16 µg/m³country median 15.02025Official annual background concentration municipality summary; Mediana of the source municipality grid distribution17Official
PM10 — annual mean25 µg/m³country median 22.02025Official annual background concentration municipality summary; Mediana of the source municipality grid distribution17Official
PM2.5 — annual mean16 µg/m³country median 14.02025Official annual background concentration municipality summary; Mediana of the source municipality grid distribution17Official
Climate Monthly Extreme High CJan 22.69 · Feb 20.05 · Mar 26.31 · Apr 28.42 · May 33.99 · Jun 40.23 · Jul 41.41 · Aug 41.92 · Sep 36.15 · Oct 30.03 · Nov 22.6 · Dec 17.17 °C31 Dec 2001NASA POWER / NASA Langley Research Center16Official
Climate Monthly Extreme Low CJan -7.84 · Feb -9.35 · Mar -5.81 · Apr -2.75 · May 4.91 · Jun 8.37 · Jul 13.25 · Aug 11.59 · Sep 7.72 · Oct 1.11 · Nov -3.39 · Dec -8.78 °C31 Dec 2001NASA POWER / NASA Langley Research Center16Official
Average temperature by monthJan 3.38 · Feb 5.11 · Mar 9.23 · Apr 13.64 · May 18.43 · Jun 23.68 · Jul 26.74 · Aug 26.26 · Sep 20.79 · Oct 15.19 · Nov 9.17 · Dec 4.13 °C31 Dec 2001NASA POWER / NASA Langley Research Center16Official
Annual PM2.5 over time12 published observations, 2013–2025
Annual PM2.5 in Parma by year, µg/m³14.317.821.224.72013201620182022202516.0µg/m³

Annual PM2.5 fell 11.1% between 2013 and 2025, from 18.0 to 16.0.

Cities of a similar size in Italy

Closest published populations, for a like-for-like comparison.

All Italy cities
Trieste198,388 residentsBrescia199,853 residentsPrato197,057 residentsPadova207,412 residentsTaranto186,011 residentsModena184,074 residents

Population and city profile

How many people live in Parma?

The published population was 198,693 people in 2025. Source: ISTAT municipality population and citizenship tables 202510

Who lives hereResidents by nationality, % of population
Parma residents by nationalityBy nationalityNational passport82.9%Foreign residents17.1%

Calculated from the population and foreign-resident facts on this page.

MetricValuePeriodSource
Cars per 1,000 residents636.3 cars per 1000 people31 Dec 2024Eurostat3Official
City area260.6 km²2026Official SITUAS report 74 (Comuni - Dimensione): exact municipality surface in km2, with annual area vintage.19Official
Foreign-resident share17.1 %31 Dec 2025Eurostat4Official
Foreign residents34,073 people1 Jan 2026Official ISTAT STRASA estimate of resident foreign population by municipality at 1 January 2026; Età=999 is the total.18Official
Population density765.4 people/km²1 Jan 2026Official SITUAS report 74 (Comuni - Dimensione): exact municipality surface in km2, with annual area vintage.20Official
Population Female102,027 people31 Dec 2024Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics)5Official
Population Male96,666 people31 Dec 2024Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics)5Official
Population198,693 people1 Jan 2025ISTAT municipality population and citizenship tables 202510Official
Population over time12 published observations, 2014–2025
Population in Parma by year, residents186,937191,777196,616201,45620142016201820222025198,693residents

Population rose 5.7% between 2014 and 2025, from 187,938 to 198,693.

Foreign residents over time13 published observations, 2014–2026
Foreign residents in Parma by year, residents27,63530,33333,03235,73020142016201820222024202634,073residents

Foreign residents rose 20.9% between 2014 and 2026, from 28,193 to 34,073.

International community in Parma

Named groups from exact city-grain official distributions. Citizenship, birthplace, language and ancestry answer different questions and stay separate.

Country of birth

Resident population in Italy at 1 January 2025; source-native country dimension; total sex · 2025-01-01

Published groupPeopleShare
Derived source total (sum of all published country rows)198,693100.0%
Italia159,06380.1%
Moldova6,3223.2%
Albania3,4501.7%
Filippine2,5051.3%
Tunisia2,1491.1%
Romania1,7020.9%
Nigeria1,6590.8%
Ucraina1,5380.8%
Marocco1,4870.7%
Show 150 more groups
Published groupPeopleShare
Ghana1,2020.6%
Costa d'Avorio1,0780.5%
Pakistan1,0160.5%
India9950.5%
Senegal9010.5%
Cina7590.4%
Camerun6340.3%
Francia5860.3%
Bangladesh5600.3%
Brasile5520.3%
Federazione russa5280.3%
Germania5200.3%
Repubblica Dominicana4990.3%
Perù4860.2%
Etiopia4620.2%
Svizzera4430.2%
Argentina3910.2%
Colombia3860.2%
Regno Unito3580.2%
Egitto2950.1%
Spagna2670.1%
Venezuela2500.1%
Ecuador2250.1%
Iran2120.1%
Polonia2080.1%
Stati Uniti d'America1880.1%
Mali1860.1%
Grecia1750.1%
Algeria1690.1%
Cuba1690.1%
Belgio1630.1%
Libano1510.1%
Guinea1420.1%
Somalia1390.1%
Gambia1290.1%
Eritrea1230.1%
Sri Lanka1220.1%
Croazia1190.1%
Burkina Faso1190.1%
Libia1100.1%
Afghanistan1090.1%
Macedonia del Nord1050.1%
Sudan1050.1%
Cile830.0%
Bulgaria820.0%
Turchia810.0%
Togo740.0%
Ungheria730.0%
Bielorussia640.0%
Repubblica Democratica del Congo640.0%
Messico640.0%
Siria630.0%
Bosnia-Erzegovina610.0%
Portogallo560.0%
Paraguay530.0%
Paesi Bassi520.0%
Israele520.0%
Kosovo510.0%
Giappone510.0%
Georgia500.0%
Canada500.0%
Thailandia440.0%
Congo440.0%
Iraq420.0%
Gabon410.0%
Serbia400.0%
Uruguay400.0%
Lettonia390.0%
Vietnam380.0%
Kazakhstan380.0%
Liberia380.0%
Australia380.0%
Lituania350.0%
Myanmar/Birmania340.0%
Austria330.0%
Indonesia330.0%
Capo Verde320.0%
Irlanda310.0%
Benin310.0%
Kenya310.0%
Repubblica ceca300.0%
El Salvador300.0%
Giordania280.0%
Slovacchia270.0%
Maurizio260.0%
Sudafrica240.0%
Corea del Sud220.0%
Svezia210.0%
Finlandia190.0%
Ruanda190.0%
Honduras180.0%
Uzbekistan170.0%
Palestina160.0%
Burundi160.0%
Danimarca150.0%
Arabia Saudita150.0%
Angola150.0%
Sierra Leone150.0%
Nepal140.0%
Bolivia140.0%
Lussemburgo130.0%
Norvegia130.0%
Ciad130.0%
Tanzania130.0%
Uganda130.0%
Guinea-Bissau120.0%
Slovenia110.0%
Niger100.0%
Montenegro90.0%
Armenia90.0%
Nuova Zelanda90.0%
Malta80.0%
Emirati Arabi Uniti80.0%
Azerbaigian80.0%
Costa Rica80.0%
Mozambico70.0%
Haiti70.0%
Kirghizistan60.0%
Taiwan60.0%
Madagascar60.0%
Zimbabwe60.0%
Cambogia50.0%
Kuwait50.0%
Monaco40.0%
Cipro40.0%
Guatemala40.0%
Nicaragua40.0%
Estonia30.0%
Islanda20.0%
San Marino20.0%
Laos20.0%
Mongolia20.0%
Oman20.0%
Tagikistan20.0%
Mauritania20.0%
Sao Tomé e Principe20.0%
Panama20.0%
Malaysia10.0%
Qatar10.0%
Singapore10.0%
Yemen10.0%
Turkmenistan10.0%
Repubblica Centrafricana10.0%
Gibuti10.0%
Seychelles10.0%
Zambia10.0%
Bahamas10.0%
Santa Lucia10.0%
Samoa10.0%
Tonga10.0%

Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source13

Citizenship

Resident population in Italy at 1 January 2025; source-native country dimension; total sex · 2025-01-01

Published groupPeopleShare
Derived source total (sum of all published country rows)198,693100.0%
Italia164,67282.9%
Romania4,7522.4%
Filippine2,8341.4%
Moldova2,8291.4%
Albania2,7021.4%
Nigeria2,2071.1%
Tunisia2,1571.1%
Ucraina1,4560.7%
Marocco1,1960.6%
Show 140 more groups
Published groupPeopleShare
Ghana1,1740.6%
Pakistan1,0930.6%
Costa d'Avorio9740.5%
Cina9500.5%
India8910.4%
Senegal7460.4%
Camerun7090.4%
Bangladesh5800.3%
Repubblica Dominicana3400.2%
Perù3240.2%
Egitto2730.1%
Spagna2580.1%
Etiopia2490.1%
Francia2460.1%
Mali2320.1%
Brasile2180.1%
Federazione russa2140.1%
Colombia1900.1%
Iran1760.1%
Polonia1620.1%
Guinea1500.1%
Ecuador1450.1%
Burkina Faso1410.1%
Gambia1340.1%
Algeria1320.1%
Sri Lanka1280.1%
Grecia1260.1%
Bulgaria1160.1%
Afghanistan1160.1%
Croazia1060.1%
Sudan1030.1%
Libano1010.1%
Regno Unito990.0%
Cuba990.0%
Portogallo980.0%
Somalia960.0%
Eritrea950.0%
Macedonia del Nord770.0%
Togo770.0%
Belgio760.0%
Turchia750.0%
Germania730.0%
Venezuela700.0%
Stati Uniti d'America520.0%
Congo510.0%
Repubblica Democratica del Congo490.0%
Argentina490.0%
Ungheria470.0%
Bielorussia470.0%
Giappone450.0%
Siria410.0%
Kosovo390.0%
Israele380.0%
Gabon380.0%
Lettonia370.0%
Lituania360.0%
Irlanda350.0%
Myanmar/Birmania340.0%
Georgia330.0%
El Salvador310.0%
Messico280.0%
Paraguay280.0%
Indonesia260.0%
Benin260.0%
Cile260.0%
Paesi Bassi250.0%
Thailandia250.0%
Bosnia-Erzegovina220.0%
Slovacchia210.0%
Iraq210.0%
Corea del Sud200.0%
Palestina200.0%
Liberia200.0%
Austria180.0%
Kenya180.0%
Repubblica ceca170.0%
Serbia160.0%
Angola160.0%
Ruanda160.0%
Svizzera150.0%
Libia150.0%
Svezia140.0%
Giordania140.0%
Tanzania130.0%
Canada130.0%
Maurizio120.0%
Sierra Leone120.0%
Danimarca110.0%
Capo Verde110.0%
Guinea-Bissau110.0%
Uruguay110.0%
Vietnam100.0%
Nepal90.0%
Burundi90.0%
Niger90.0%
Nuova Zelanda90.0%
Finlandia80.0%
Norvegia80.0%
Ciad80.0%
Montenegro70.0%
Uzbekistan70.0%
Bolivia70.0%
Australia70.0%
Kirghizistan60.0%
Malta50.0%
Slovenia50.0%
Kazakhstan50.0%
Honduras50.0%
Azerbaigian40.0%
Uganda40.0%
Costa Rica40.0%
Haiti40.0%
Nicaragua40.0%
Malaysia30.0%
Mongolia30.0%
Madagascar30.0%
Mauritania30.0%
Sudafrica30.0%
Guyana30.0%
Lussemburgo20.0%
Estonia20.0%
Cambogia20.0%
Singapore20.0%
Yemen20.0%
Taiwan20.0%
Mozambico20.0%
Guatemala20.0%
Panama20.0%
Apolide20.0%
Arabia Saudita10.0%
Cipro10.0%
Laos10.0%
Armenia10.0%
Gibuti10.0%
Malawi10.0%
Zimbabwe10.0%
Dominica10.0%
Santa Lucia10.0%
Samoa10.0%
Tonga10.0%

Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source12

Is Parma a good place to live?

There is no universal answer. The profile scores below show who the available published evidence may suit; they are a decision aid, not a personal recommendation.

Try your profile
Remote worker57%strong on work, weak on safety · range 47–67%
Skilled employee68%strong on work, weak on safety · range 59–77%
Student67%strong on education, weak on safety · range 57–77%
Family67%strong on family, weak on safety · range 56–78%
Retirement51%strong on legal route, weak on admin · range 39–63%
Foreign residents34,073 people1 Jan 2026Official source · Official ISTAT STRASA estimate of resident foreign population by municipality at 1 January 2026; Età=999 is the total.
Population198,693 people1 Jan 2025Official source · ISTAT municipality population and citizenship tables 2025
Average net rent (nettokalt)7 EUR/m²/month31 Dec 2025Official source · Collected source
Dwellings108,661 dwellings31 Dec 2023Official source · ISTAT permanent population and housing census by census section and municipality
People in employment92,048 people31 Dec 2021Official source · Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics)
Median gross salary (regional)2,396 EUR/month31 Dec 2024Official source · servizi2.inps.it
Every value keeps its source, geographic scope and verification date · Last checked 2026-09-03

Additional context

MetricValuePeriodSource
Residents born abroad19.53 %31 Dec 2023ISTAT permanent population and housing census by census section and municipality11Official
G05 Non Citizen Share Pct17.12 %31 Dec 2024Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics)8Official
Households95,174 households31 Dec 2024Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics)9Official

Yes — migrants can receive medical care in Parma when the national insurance or residence conditions are met.

Healthcare access follows the country-wide insurance rules; local capacity facts remain city data and are not used as proof of eligibility.

Open the official coverage guide
Country rule verified 2026-08-03.

Common questions

Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.

How many people live in Parma?

The published population was 198,693 people in 2025. Source: ISTAT municipality population and citizenship tables 2025.

How much does it cost to rent in Parma?

Average net cold rent is 7 EUR/m² per month (2025-S2), excluding heating and operating charges. For a 70 m² flat that is about 490 EUR a month before utilities. Source: Collected source.

Is the air quality good in Parma?

The annual PM2.5 mean is 16 µg/m³ (2025) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³. Source: Official annual background concentration municipality summary; Mediana of the source municipality grid distribution.

What is the unemployment rate in Parma?

The unemployment rate is about 5.2 % (2023). Source: Eurostat.

What is the typical salary around Parma?

The median gross salary is 2,396 EUR/month. Source: servizi2.inps.it.

How many foreign residents live in Parma?

34,073 people residents hold a foreign nationality. Source: Official ISTAT STRASA estimate of resident foreign population by municipality at 1 January 2026; Età=999 is the total..

Is Parma a good place to live?

Parma may suit different people for different reasons. The page's profile scores compare published cost, work, housing, safety, healthcare and other available factors; they are a decision aid, not a universal recommendation.

How many people born in Derived source total (sum of all published country rows) live in Parma?

The official country of birth distribution records 198,693 people (100.0%) in the source-defined population for 2025-01-01. This is a country of birth measure, not a general estimate of ethnicity or migration status.

Cite this page

Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.

APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, September 12). Parma, Italy: rent, salary, cost of living [ImmigrationDB compilation; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/cities/it/parma/ Retrieved 2026-09-12. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_parma-italy-rent-salary-cost-of-living_22dd512914f7,
  author = {ImmigrationDB},
  title = {Parma, Italy: rent, salary, cost of living},
  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-09-12},
  version = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  snapshot = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/cities/it/parma/},
  note = {Retrieved 2026-09-12. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}
Markdown citation
[Parma, Italy: rent, salary, cost of living](https://immigrationdb.com/cities/it/parma/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; retrieved 2026-09-12; built 2026-09-12.

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Sources

JSON Markdown
  1. Collected source www1.agenziaentrate.gov.it · checked 2026-08-05
  2. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-02
  3. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-03
  4. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-02
  5. Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics) istat.it · checked 2026-08-07
  6. Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics) esploradati.istat.it · checked 2026-08-07
  7. Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics) esploradati.istat.it · checked 2026-08-07
  8. Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics) istat.it · checked 2026-08-07
  9. Istat (Italian National Institute of Statistics) esploradati.istat.it · checked 2026-08-07
  10. ISTAT municipality population and citizenship tables 2025 demo.istat.it · checked 2026-07-26
Show 14 more sources
  1. ISTAT permanent population and housing census by census section and municipality istat.it · checked 2026-07-16
  2. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica (Istat), Italy citizenship distribution demo.istat.it · checked 2026-08-28
  3. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica (Istat), Italy country_of_birth distribution demo.istat.it · checked 2026-08-28
  4. MIM Open Data - Anagrafe scuole statali e paritarie dati.istruzione.it · checked 2026-07-16
  5. Ministero dell'Istruzione e del Merito (dati.istruzione.it) dati.istruzione.it · checked 2026-08-03
  6. NASA POWER / NASA Langley Research Center power.larc.nasa.gov · checked 2026-08-03
  7. Official annual background concentration municipality summary; Mediana of the source municipality grid distribution dati.arpae.it · checked 2026-07-15
  8. Official ISTAT STRASA estimate of resident foreign population by municipality at 1 January 2026; Età=999 is the total. demo.istat.it · checked 2026-07-15
  9. Official SITUAS report 74 (Comuni - Dimensione): exact municipality surface in km2, with annual area vintage. situas-servizi.istat.it · checked 2026-07-15
  10. Official SITUAS report 74 (Comuni - Dimensione): exact municipality surface in km2, with annual area vintage. demo.istat.it · checked 2026-07-15
  11. OpenFlights raw.githubusercontent.com · checked 2026-08-03
  12. OurAirports davidmegginson.github.io · checked 2026-08-03
  13. servizi2.inps.it servizi2.inps.it · checked 2026-08-27
  14. Numbeo — Cost of Living in Parma (Wayback capture 20241213020158) Numbeo · web.archive.org · checked 2026-08-01

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