Living in Dongjak-gu
In Dongjak-gu, unemployment is 3.3% (2025).
The unemployment rate was 3.3% at the end of 2025. 동작구 had a population of 371,999 in June 2026. The annual precipitation estimate was 1,483.7 mm at the end of 2024. The city covered 16.4 km² in 2020. Population density was 22,984.6 people per km² in 2024.
Higher unemployment than 64% of South Korean cities that publish it and dirtier air than 77% of South Korean cities that publish it.
Which South Korea-wide rules apply when you move to Dongjak-gu?
National rules stay on the country page instead of being relabelled as city data.
Housing and cost
The housing-vacancy rate was 0.85% at the end of 2024.
In South Korea, jeonse is a deposit-only lease with no monthly rent. Where both values are available, the profile's monthly comparison estimates its cost as deposit × annual conversion rate ÷ 100 ÷ 12. Wolse is a separate lease with a monthly payment and its own deposit; that deposit is not included in the monthly figure.
| Metric | Value | Period | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Internet, 60 Mbps unlimited | 31.8 EUR/month | 30 Sept 2026 | KT 100 Mbps internet15Official · national market |
| Mobile plan, 10 GB | 28.91 EUR/month | 30 Sept 2026 | KT mobile data plan16Official · national market |
| Dwellings | 120,989 dwellings | 31 Dec 2024 | DT_1JU1501 2024 housing units by municipality7Official |
| Housing vacancy rate | 0.849 % | 31 Dec 2024 | DT_1JU1512 2024 vacant housing units by municipality8Official |
| Annual jeonse deposit-to-rent conversion rate | 4.7 % | 31 Jul 2026 | 전국주택가격동향조사 — 지역별 전월세 전환율_아파트 (A_2024_00156, statId S234820263)27Official |
| Median jeonse deposit (deposit-only lease) | 393,992 EUR | 31 Aug 2026 | 국토교통부 실거래가 공개시스템 조건별 자료제공 — 아파트 전월세 (전세 rows: 보증금(만원))26Official |
| Median wolse monthly payment (deposit also required) | 517.5 EUR/month | 31 Aug 2026 | 국토교통부 실거래가 공개시스템 조건별 자료제공 — 아파트 전월세 (월세 rows: 월세금(만원), deposit coexists)26Official |
Is Dongjak-gu a good place to live?
There is no universal answer. The profile scores below show who the available published evidence may suit; they are a decision aid, not a personal recommendation.
Work and income
What is the unemployment rate in 동작구?
The unemployment rate is 3.3 % (2025). Source: 2025 H2 Local Area Labour Force Survey — municipal key employment indicators1
Dongjak-gu 3.3%
Unemployment rate (%)
| Metric | Value | Period | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployment rate | 3.3 %country median 2.7% | 31 Dec 2025 | 2025 H2 Local Area Labour Force Survey — municipal key employment indicators1Official |
What does a salary buy in Dongjak-gu?
Take-home pay after tax, minus rent and the everyday bills this city publishes. Each line names its source.
RentInternetMobileLeft over
Line-by-line breakdown and sources
| Each month | € |
|---|---|
| Take-home payOECD Taxing Wages 2025, single, no children. Includes central and local income tax and employee social contributions; euro amounts at the ECB average for 2026-08. | €1,660 |
| Jeonse monthly equivalentjeonse monthly equivalent; based on a €393,992 refundable deposit and 4.7% annual conversion rate · official · 국토교통부 실거래가 공개시스템 조건별 자료제공 · 2026-08-31 · official · 전국주택가격동향조사 · 2026-07-31 | − €1,543 |
| Internet€32 · official · KT 100 Mbps internet · 2026-09-30 | − €32 |
| Mobile plan€29 · official · KT mobile data plan · 2026-09-30 | − €29 |
| Other everyday billsnot published for this city: public transport pass, utilities | — |
| Left overbefore the bills this city does not publish | €56 |
Public employment service
No exact public employment office is currently linked to Dongjak-gu. The verified national service may still offer online registration, job search or an official office finder.
Work24 public employment service — Public employment service
Country-level service information is not treated as proof of a physical office in Dongjak-gu. Sources checked through 10 Aug 2026.
Family and education
| Metric | Value | Period | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Schools | 47 schools | 21 Jul 2026 | Schoolinfo official open-data callback response23Official |
Healthcare
| Metric | Value | Period | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Doctors per 1,000 residents | 3.6 per 1,000 | 31 Dec 2024 | KOSIS e-RegionIndex doctors per 100012Official |
| Hospital beds per 100,000 residents | 640 beds per 100,000 | 31 Dec 2024 | KOSIS e-RegionIndex hospital beds per 100k13Official |
| Hospitals | 10 count | 30 Jun 2026 | HIRA 전국 병의원 및 약국 현황 2026.6 — 시설정보10Official |
| Pharmacies | 204 count | 30 Jun 2026 | HIRA 전국 병의원 및 약국 현황 2026.6 — 약국정보서비스10Official |
| Physicians per 100,000 residents | 360 per 100,000 | 31 Dec 2024 | KOSIS e-RegionIndex doctors per 100012Official |
Yes — migrants can receive medical care in Dongjak-gu under the national coverage rules.
Healthcare access follows the country-wide insurance rules; local capacity facts remain city data and are not used as proof of eligibility.
Open the official coverage guideSafety
How safe is 동작구?
Police recorded about 2,423 incidents per 100,000 (2024). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: KR-Police-regional-crime-202414
Language courses and integration
No exact city-level course record is currently published for Dongjak-gu. These verified national programmes may still apply; use the official programme page to check local availability.
Early Adaptation Program — Newcomer Adaptation
Ministry of Justice / Korea Immigration Service
For newly arrived foreign residents, international students, workers, marriage migrants.
Social Integration Program (KIIP) — Integration course
Ministry of Justice / Korea Immigration Service
For foreign residents in Korea, people within three years of naturalization.
Climate and air quality
The annual mean temperature estimate was 13.2°C at the end of 2024. Annual PM2.5 was 17.8 µg/m³ at the end of 2024.
Is the air quality good in 동작구?
The annual PM2.5 mean is about 17.8 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³.
Annual mean at the measuring site(s) serving the city; current-day readings differ.
- PM2.5 — annual mean: 17.81 µg/m³ · Air Pollution Level Confirmation Data — 2024 PM2.5 station observations2
Night-time low to daytime high
mm
hours
Within WHO 2021 guidelineAbove WHO, within EU limitAbove EU legal limitCity annual mean · µg/m³
City values from the published air-quality observations. WHO 2021 guidelines and EU limit values are published constants.
Dongjak-gu 17.8
Annual PM2.5 (µg/m³)
| Metric | Value | Period | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 — annual mean | 17.81 µg/m³country median 16.0 | 31 Dec 2024 | Air Pollution Level Confirmation Data — 2024 PM2.5 station observations2Official |
| Average daytime high by month | Jan 2.1 · Feb 5.1 · Mar 11 · Apr 17.9 · May 23.6 · Jun 27.6 · Jul 29 · Aug 30 · Sep 26.2 · Oct 20.2 · Nov 11.9 · Dec 4.2 °C | 1991–2020 | WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station Seoul_47108.csv25Official · nearest-station reading |
| Average night-time low by month | Jan -5.5 · Feb -3.2 · Mar 1.9 · Apr 8 · May 13.5 · Jun 18.7 · Jul 22.3 · Aug 22.9 · Sep 17.7 · Oct 10.6 · Nov 3.5 · Dec -3.4 °C | 1991–2020 | WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station Seoul_47108.csv25Official · nearest-station reading |
| Average temperature by month | Jan -2 · Feb 0.7 · Mar 6.1 · Apr 12.6 · May 18.3 · Jun 22.7 · Jul 25.3 · Aug 26.1 · Sep 21.7 · Oct 15 · Nov 7.5 · Dec 0.2 °C | 1991–2020 | WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station Seoul_47108.csv25Official · nearest-station reading |
| Average precipitation by month | Jan 16.8 · Feb 28.2 · Mar 36.9 · Apr 72.9 · May 103.6 · Jun 129.5 · Jul 414.4 · Aug 348.2 · Sep 141.5 · Oct 52.2 · Nov 51.1 · Dec 22.6 mm | 1991–2020 | WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station Seoul_47108.csv25Official · nearest-station reading |
| Average sunshine by month | Jan 169.6 · Feb 170.8 · Mar 198.2 · Apr 206.3 · May 223 · Jun 189.1 · Jul 123.6 · Aug 156.1 · Sep 179.7 · Oct 206.5 · Nov 157.3 · Dec 162.9 hours | 1991–2020 | WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station Seoul_47108.csv25Official · nearest-station reading |
| Annual mean temperature | 13.18 °C | 31 Dec 2024 | NASA POWER 2024 daily point climate observation for South Korea municipalities19Official source, approximated value · Supplemental context |
| Annual precipitation | 1,484 mm | 31 Dec 2024 | NASA POWER 2024 daily point climate observation for South Korea municipalities19Official source, approximated value · Supplemental context |
Population and city profile
How many people live in 동작구?
The published population was 371,999 people in June 2026. Source: MOIS resident registration population by si/gun/gu, June 202617
By nationality
National passport96.7%
Calculated from the population and foreign-resident facts on this page.
| Metric | Value | Period | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cars per 1,000 residents | 279 cars/1000 residents | 31 Dec 2024 | Registered motor vehicles by si, gun and gu22Official |
| City area | 16.35 km² | 2020 | Official KOSIS visual statistics, Korea City Statistics, regional area; joined to the archived MOIS/KOSIS si-gun-gu code and name.20Official |
| Foreign-resident share | 3.32 % | 31 Dec 2025 | Korea Immigration Service registered foreigners by si/gun/gu and nationality, 2025-12-3111Official |
| Foreign residents | 12,388 people | 31 Mar 2026 | Registered foreigners by local government, March 202621Official |
| Population density | 22,985 people/km² | 31 Dec 2024 | Exact si-gun-gu density derived from archived official MOIS/KOSIS resident population and exact official KOSIS area row.20Official |
| Female residents | 192,515 people | 30 Jun 2026 | MOIS resident-registration population, sex and household counts by administrative area, June 202618Official |
| Male residents | 179,484 people | 30 Jun 2026 | MOIS resident-registration population, sex and household counts by administrative area, June 202618Official |
| Population | 371,999 people | 30 Jun 2026 | MOIS resident registration population by si/gun/gu, June 202617Official |
International community in Dongjak-gu
Named groups from exact city-grain official distributions. Citizenship, birthplace, language and ancestry answer different questions and stay separate.
Citizenship
Persons recorded in the official KOSIS registered-foreigner population table; this is not the total resident population and is not interchangeable with resident citizenship. · 2025
| Published group | People | Share |
|---|---|---|
| 계 | 12,357 | 100.0% |
| 중국 | 2,982 | 24.1% |
| 베트남 | 2,890 | 23.4% |
| 한국계중국인 | 2,845 | 23.0% |
| 일본 | 439 | 3.6% |
| 몽골 | 281 | 2.3% |
| 미얀마 | 246 | 2.0% |
| 에티오피아 | 241 | 2.0% |
| 미국 | 229 | 1.9% |
| 네팔 | 194 | 1.6% |
Show 109 more groups
| Published group | People | Share |
|---|---|---|
| 타이(태국) | 171 | 1.4% |
| 타이완(대만) | 167 | 1.4% |
| 우즈베키스탄 | 153 | 1.2% |
| 러시아(연방) | 121 | 1.0% |
| 프랑스 | 111 | 0.9% |
| 인도 | 99 | 0.8% |
| 독일 | 80 | 0.6% |
| 파키스탄 | 69 | 0.6% |
| 필리핀 | 68 | 0.6% |
| 캐나다 | 52 | 0.4% |
| 인도네시아 | 49 | 0.4% |
| 영국 | 49 | 0.4% |
| 방글라데시 | 36 | 0.3% |
| 튀르키예 | 34 | 0.3% |
| 카자흐스탄 | 30 | 0.2% |
| 타지키스탄 | 30 | 0.2% |
| 홍콩 | 29 | 0.2% |
| 이란 | 28 | 0.2% |
| 말레이시아 | 27 | 0.2% |
| 이탈리아 | 27 | 0.2% |
| 멕시코 | 25 | 0.2% |
| 브라질 | 24 | 0.2% |
| 캄보디아 | 23 | 0.2% |
| 헝가리 | 23 | 0.2% |
| 우크라이나 | 22 | 0.2% |
| 모로코 | 21 | 0.2% |
| 이집트 | 18 | 0.1% |
| 네덜란드 | 17 | 0.1% |
| 스페인 | 17 | 0.1% |
| 남아프리카공화국 | 16 | 0.1% |
| 감비아 | 16 | 0.1% |
| 키르기즈 | 15 | 0.1% |
| 페루 | 15 | 0.1% |
| 스리랑카 | 14 | 0.1% |
| 말리 | 14 | 0.1% |
| 폴란드 | 13 | 0.1% |
| 벨기에 | 11 | 0.1% |
| 튀니지 | 11 | 0.1% |
| 나이지리아 | 10 | 0.1% |
| 노르웨이 | 10 | 0.1% |
| 우간다 | 10 | 0.1% |
| 스웨덴 | 10 | 0.1% |
| 오스트레일리아 | 9 | 0.1% |
| 아제르바이잔 | 9 | 0.1% |
| 뉴질랜드 | 8 | 0.1% |
| 싱가포르 | 8 | 0.1% |
| 아일랜드 | 7 | 0.1% |
| 라오스 | 7 | 0.1% |
| 콜롬비아 | 7 | 0.1% |
| 핀란드 | 7 | 0.1% |
| 가나 | 6 | 0.0% |
| 덴마크 | 6 | 0.0% |
| 루마니아 | 6 | 0.0% |
| 탄자니아 | 6 | 0.0% |
| 이스라엘 | 6 | 0.0% |
| 체코 | 6 | 0.0% |
| 브루나이 | 6 | 0.0% |
| 부르키나파소 | 6 | 0.0% |
| 벨라루스 | 5 | 0.0% |
| 포르투갈 | 5 | 0.0% |
| 리투아니아 | 5 | 0.0% |
| 말라위 | 5 | 0.0% |
| 모잠비크 | 5 | 0.0% |
| 케냐 | 4 | 0.0% |
| 스위스 | 4 | 0.0% |
| 코트디부아르 | 4 | 0.0% |
| 칠레 | 4 | 0.0% |
| 부룬디 | 4 | 0.0% |
| 파나마 | 4 | 0.0% |
| 카메룬 | 3 | 0.0% |
| 오스트리아 | 3 | 0.0% |
| 에콰도르 | 3 | 0.0% |
| 수단 | 3 | 0.0% |
| 알제리 | 3 | 0.0% |
| 베네수엘라 | 3 | 0.0% |
| 세네갈 | 3 | 0.0% |
| 세르비아 | 3 | 0.0% |
| 예멘공화국 | 2 | 0.0% |
| 불가리아 | 2 | 0.0% |
| 아르헨티나 | 2 | 0.0% |
| 과테말라 | 2 | 0.0% |
| 마카오 | 2 | 0.0% |
| 기니 | 2 | 0.0% |
| 가봉 | 2 | 0.0% |
| 중앙아프리카공화국 | 2 | 0.0% |
| 니제르 | 2 | 0.0% |
| 기타 | 2 | 0.0% |
| 한국계러시아인 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 라이베리아 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 콩고민주공화국 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 르완다 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 크로아티아 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 앙골라 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 콩고 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 도미니카공화국 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 볼리비아 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 파라과이 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 엘살바도르 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 라트비아 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 팔레스타인 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 토고 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 레바논 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 온두라스 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 조지아 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 마다가스카르 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 에스토니아 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 바레인 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 남수단공화국 | 1 | 0.0% |
| 몰타 | 1 | 0.0% |
Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source24
Additional context
| Metric | Value | Period | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Households | 188,064 households | 30 Jun 2026 | MOIS resident-registration population, sex and household counts by administrative area, June 202618Official |
Alternatives for people set on Dongjak-gu
Three places for the three reasons people leave a city on the shortlist: stay in the region, stay in the country, or keep the budget and change the country. A percentage appears only where both cities publish that metric from the same source, period and grain. Distances are straight lines — travel times are not collected yet.
Asan-si as a Dongjak-gu alternative in the same country
Better on 4 of 6 metrics measured the same way, worse on 1.
- Empty flats: 12.1% Asan-si vs 0.8% Dongjak-gu+1326%
- Foreign residents: 7.0% Asan-si vs 3.3% Dongjak-gu+112%
- Unemployment: 2.1% Asan-si vs 3.3% Dongjak-gu−36%
- Hospital beds, per 100k: 990.0 Asan-si vs 640.0 Dongjak-gu+55%
- Recorded crime, per 100k: 2,907 Asan-si vs 2,423 Dongjak-gu+20%
- Residents: 363,678 Asan-si vs 371,999 Dongjak-gu−2%
Alternative cities in South Korea
Other cities in South Korea to compare with Dongjak-gu, nearest in population first.
How does Dongjak-gu compare?
Pick a city. The answer appears here and the address bar keeps it, so the comparison can be shared; the page stays Dongjak-gu's.
Dongjak-gu in rankings
Is Dongjak-gu part of Seoul?
Dongjak-gu is administratively part of Seoul. It is about 7.6 km away by straight-line distance. Seoul city profile
Relationship type: Administrative Part Of. Source9
Which comparable places record less crime than Dongjak-gu?
8 places have a lower recorded total crime rate than Dongjak-gu in this strictly source-matched cohort.
Dongjak-gu: 2,364.8 recorded crime occurrences/100k residents (2024).
Only the same source family, offence definition, period, grain and denominator method are compared. This is recorded crime, not a claim about personal safety. Official source5
Common questions
Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.
How many people live in 동작구?
The published population was 371,999 people in June 2026. Source: MOIS resident registration population by si/gun/gu, June 2026.
Is the air quality good in 동작구?
The annual PM2.5 mean is about 17.8 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³. Source: Air Pollution Level Confirmation Data — 2024 PM2.5 station observations.
How safe is 동작구?
Police recorded about 2,423 incidents per 100,000 (2024). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: KR-Police-regional-crime-2024.
What is the unemployment rate in 동작구?
The unemployment rate is 3.3 % (2025). Source: 2025 H2 Local Area Labour Force Survey — municipal key employment indicators.
How many foreign residents live in Dongjak-gu?
12,388 residents hold a foreign nationality. Source: Registered foreigners by local government, March 2026.
Is Dongjak-gu a good place to live?
Dongjak-gu may suit different people for different reasons. The page's profile scores compare published cost, work, housing, safety, healthcare and other available factors; they are a decision aid, not a universal recommendation.
Is Dongjak-gu part of Seoul?
Dongjak-gu is administratively part of Seoul. It is about 7.6 km away by straight-line distance.
How many people are in the 계 citizenship group in Dongjak-gu?
The official citizenship distribution records 12,357 people (100.0%) in the source-defined population for 2025. This is a citizenship measure, not a general estimate of ethnicity or migration status.
Which comparable places record less crime than Dongjak-gu?
8 places have a lower recorded total crime rate than Dongjak-gu in this strictly source-matched cohort. The comparison uses Korean National Police Agency regional crime occurrence CSV 2024 + 2024 Registered Census population, period 2024, and does not compare across incompatible police definitions.
Cite this page
Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.
APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, October 16). Dongjak-gu, South Korea: population, rent, cost of living [ImmigrationDB compilation; version 8e138b6df36d68a716306fff35af03d9]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/cities/kr/dongjaggu/ Retrieved 2026-10-16. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_dongjak-gu-south-korea-population-rent-cost-of-living_463feeed86f6,
author = {ImmigrationDB},
title = {Dongjak-gu, South Korea: population, rent, cost of living},
publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
year = {2026},
date = {2026-10-16},
version = {8e138b6df36d68a716306fff35af03d9},
url = {https://immigrationdb.com/cities/kr/dongjaggu/},
note = {Retrieved 2026-10-16. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}Markdown citation
[Dongjak-gu, South Korea: population, rent, cost of living](https://immigrationdb.com/cities/kr/dongjaggu/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; version 8e138b6df36d68a716306fff35af03d9; retrieved 2026-10-16; built 2026-10-16.This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.
Sources
- 2025 H2 Local Area Labour Force Survey — municipal key employment indicators 2025 H2 Local Area Labour Force Survey · korea.kr · checked 2026-07-22
- Air Pollution Level Confirmation Data — 2024 PM2.5 station observations Air Pollution Level Confirmation Data · data.go.kr · checked 2026-07-26
- census.go.kr recorded crime data census.go.kr · checked 2026-08-28
- census.go.kr recorded crime data census.go.kr · checked 2026-08-28
- data.go.kr recorded crime data data.go.kr · checked 2026-08-28
- data.go.kr recorded crime data data.go.kr · checked 2026-08-28
- DT_1JU1501 2024 housing units by municipality kosis.kr · checked 2026-07-22
- DT_1JU1512 2024 vacant housing units by municipality kosis.kr · checked 2026-07-22
- english.seoul.go.kr place coordinates english.seoul.go.kr · checked 2026-08-28
- HIRA 전국 병의원 및 약국 현황 2026.6 — 시설정보 HIRA 전국 병의원 및 약국 현황 2026.6 · opendata.hira.or.kr · checked 2026-09-15
Show 17 more sources
- Korea Immigration Service registered foreigners by si/gun/gu and nationality, 2025-12-31 immigration.go.kr · checked 2026-07-22
- KOSIS e-RegionIndex doctors per 1000 kosis.kr · checked 2026-07-21
- KOSIS e-RegionIndex hospital beds per 100k kosis.kr · checked 2026-07-21
- KR-Police-regional-crime-2024 data.go.kr · checked 2026-09-15
- KT 100 Mbps internet product.kt.com · checked 2026-09-15
- KT mobile data plan product.kt.com · checked 2026-09-15
- MOIS resident registration population by si/gun/gu, June 2026 jumin.mois.go.kr · checked 2026-07-21
- MOIS resident-registration population, sex and household counts by administrative area, June 2026 jumin.mois.go.kr · checked 2026-07-22
- NASA POWER 2024 daily point climate observation for South Korea municipalities power.larc.nasa.gov · checked 2026-07-22
- Official KOSIS visual statistics, Korea City Statistics, regional area; joined to the archived MOIS/KOSIS si-gun-gu code and name. kosis.kr · checked 2026-07-15
- Registered foreigners by local government, March 2026 immigration.go.kr · checked 2026-07-21
- Registered motor vehicles by si, gun and gu stat.molit.go.kr · checked 2026-07-21
- Schoolinfo official open-data callback response schoolinfo.go.kr · checked 2026-07-21
- Statistics Korea / KOSIS citizenship distribution kosis.kr · checked 2026-08-28
- WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station Seoul_47108.csv WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 · ncei.noaa.gov · checked 2026-07-31
- 국토교통부 실거래가 공개시스템 조건별 자료제공 — 아파트 전월세 (전세 rows: 보증금(만원)) 국토교통부 실거래가 공개시스템 조건별 자료제공 · rt.molit.go.kr · checked 2026-09-18
- 전국주택가격동향조사 — 지역별 전월세 전환율_아파트 (A_2024_00156, statId S234820263) 전국주택가격동향조사 · reb.or.kr · checked 2026-09-19
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