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Living in Porto

Porto is a city in Portugal, with a population of 273,476 in 2025. In June 2026, the unemployment rate was 3.45%.

Pricier rent than 84% of Portuguese cities that publish it, higher unemployment than 91% of Portuguese cities that publish it and more recorded crime than any other Portuguese city that publishes it.

Which Portugal-wide rules apply when you move to Porto?

National rules stay on the country page instead of being relabelled as city data.

Visa and entry rulesPassport-specific entry and national residence context.BenefitsCountry-wide eligibility and official application routes.Taxes in PortugalNational rates and thresholds that apply in Porto.Healthcare eligibilityCountry-wide insurance and residence conditions.

Housing and cost

A practical city rent estimate was €950 per month in May 2025.

How much does it cost to rent in Porto?

Average net cold rent is 10.15 EUR/m² per month (2022-Q2), excluding heating and operating charges.

Published average over existing tenancies; a specific flat can sit either side of it. Asking-rent series, where present, are separate rows in the table.

  • Average net rent (nettokalt): 10.15 EUR/m²/month · www.ine.pt15
What recurs every month6 published recurring costs, € per month
Porto recurring monthly costs, € per month

€ / month

Private kindergarten€514
Utilities, 85 m² flat€140
Fitness club€41
Transport pass€40
Internet, 60 Mbps€27
Mobile plan, 10 GB€14

Supplemental estimate lane; these items are not official statistics.

Net rent across major citiesPorto highlighted among comparable cities
Net rent across major cities with Porto highlighted

net rent, € / m² / month

Cascais€16.50
Oeiras€15.42
Almada€13.43
Porto€10.15
Gondomar€8.82
Braga€8.57
Show the other 6 cities
Amadora€13.00
Matosinhos€11.98
Loures€11.73
Seixal€11.33
Sintra€11.24
Vila Nova de Gaia€10.61
MetricValuePeriodSource
Fitness club membership, monthly41.18 EUR/month3 Aug 2026Numbeo19Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Col Groceries Index Basket Eur Month61.42 EUR/month3 Aug 2026Numbeo19Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Internet, 60 Mbps unlimited27 EUR/month11 Sept 2026ANACOM COM.escolha — Internet tariff query for Porto postal prefix 40001Official · city postal prefix tariff
Private kindergarten, monthly513.9 EUR/month3 Aug 2026Numbeo19Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Meal at an inexpensive restaurant15 EUR11 Sept 2026Visit Porto — RO restaurant listing14Official · city official tourism listing restaurant
Mobile plan, 10 GB13.5 EUR/month31 Jul 2026Cost of Living in Porto. Jun 2026. Prices in Porto19Commercial estimate · Supplemental context
Monthly transport pass40 EUR/month1 Jan 2026Andante — Transportes Metropolitanos do Porto, 2026 tariff2Official · municipality tariff
Basic utilities, 85 m² home139.9 EUR/month3 Aug 2026Numbeo19Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Average net rent (nettokalt)10.15 EUR/m²/monthcountry median €6.1931 Dec 2022www.ine.pt15Official
Median monthly rent950 EUR/month15 May 2025Numbeo18Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context

Worked out from these numbers

What does a 60 m² flat cost?

About 609 EUR a month in cold rent at the published average of 10.15 EUR/m² per month, before heating and operating charges.

Heating, water and operating charges come on top, and a specific flat can sit either side of an average.

Source period: 2022-Q2

Is rent affordable on a local salary?

A 60 m² flat at the published average rent is about 609 EUR a month, which is 37% of the published median gross salary of 1,629 (2022). Gross, not take-home, and before heating and operating charges.

Source period: 2022-Q2

Work and income

What is the typical salary in Porto?

The median gross salary is about 1,629 EUR/month (2022). Source: Collected source3

City-scope median, gross, before tax and social contributions.

What is the unemployment rate in Porto?

The unemployment rate is about 3.5 % (June 2026).

  • Unemployment rate: 3.45 % · IEFP — registered unemployment by municipality, June 202617
Unemployment across cities in PortugalUnemployment in Porto is 3.5%. Of 251 cities with data, 118 have unemployment of 2 to under 3%.
unemployment rate, % · measured cities in Portugal per band6 cities: 0% to under 1%60–176 cities: 1% to under 2%761–2118 cities: 2% to under 3%1182–341 cities: 3% to under 4%413–4Porto 3.5%4 cities: 4% to under 5%44–52 cities: 5% to under 6%25–61 city: 6% to under 7%16–71 city: 7% to under 8%17–81 city: 9% to under 10%19–101 city: 12% to under 13%112–13

Unemployment rate (%)

MetricValuePeriodSource
Median gross salary1,629 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Collected source3Official
Salary Net Avg Eur Month1,443 EUR/month30 Sept 2026Numbeo city cost-of-living page — /cities/pt/porto/20Community estimate · Supplemental context
Unemployment rate3.45 %country median 2.3%30 Jun 2026IEFP — registered unemployment by municipality, June 202617Independent

Public employment service

No exact public employment office is currently linked to Porto. The verified national service may still offer online registration, job search or an official office finder.

Country-level information

Instituto do Emprego e Formação Profissional — Public employment service

Instituto do Emprego e Formação Profissional (IEFP)

Job SearchRegistrationTraining
Register Search jobs
Open the Portugal service overview

Country-level service information is not treated as proof of a physical office in Porto. Sources checked through 10 Aug 2026.

Healthcare

MetricValuePeriodSource
Physicians per 100,000 residents2,200 per 100,0002024Official INE Statistics of Health Personnel indicator 0012837: physicians per 1,000 inhabitants by municipality of residence. Exact municipality row selected by INE DICO geocod; value converted to the requested per-100k unit.11Official

Yes — migrants can receive medical care in Porto when the national insurance or residence conditions are met.

Healthcare access follows the country-wide insurance rules; local capacity facts remain city data and are not used as proof of eligibility.

Open the official coverage guide
Country rule verified 2026-08-03.

Safety

How safe is Porto?

Police recorded 5,240 incidents per 100,000 (2022). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source.

  • Recorded incidents per 100,000 residents: 5,240 incidents per 100k · INE — Taxa de criminalidade (‰) por Localização geográfica (NUTS 2013) e Categoria de crime; Anual, indicador 0008074, categoria Total, ano 20225
Recorded crime across major citiesPorto highlighted among comparable cities
Recorded crime across major cities with Porto highlighted5,240Porto3,580Almada3,330Amadora2,910Matosinhos2,800Loures2,700Cascais2,640Sintra2,570Vila Nova de Gaia2,440Braga2,380Oeiras2,170Seixal1,900Gondomarrecorded incidents per 100k residents
MetricValuePeriodSource
Recorded incidents per 100,000 residents5,240 incidents per 100kcountry median 2,71531 Dec 2022INE — Taxa de criminalidade (‰) por Localização geográfica (NUTS 2013) e Categoria de crime; Anual, indicador 0008074, categoria Total, ano 20225Official

Mobility and administration

MetricValuePeriodSource
Destinations from nearest airport61 count13 Jun 2026OpenFlights — routes.dat12Official
Nearest airportOPO13 Jun 2026OurAirports — airports.csv13Official
Distance to nearest airport10.9 km13 Jun 2026OurAirports — airports.csv13Official
Public transport monthly pass40 EUR/month3 Aug 2026Numbeo19Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context

Language courses and integration

No exact city-level course record is currently published for Porto. These verified national programmes may still apply; use the official programme page to check local availability.

Country-level information

PLA search route through Portal da Oferta Formativa — State Language Course

AIMA / Portal da Oferta Formativa

For migrants seeking Portuguese as a non-native language.

Portuguesevaries
Open official information

Português Língua de Acolhimento (PLA) — State Language Course

AIMA / DGEstE public-school network / IEFP / Centros Qualifica

For migrants aged 16 or older whose mother tongue is not Portuguese, residence-permit holders, people with pending residence/protection/NISS evidence.

PortugueseCEFR A1–B2varies
Open official information
Open the full Portugal section
National programme information is not treated as proof of a course location in Porto.

Climate and air quality

Monthly mean temperatures were 10.2°C in January and 19.9°C in July. Monthly precipitation was 151 mm in January and 16.6 mm in July. Annual PM2.5 was 9.43 µg/m³ in 2024.

Is the air quality good in Porto?

The annual PM2.5 mean is about 9.4 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³.

Annual mean at the measuring site(s) serving the city; current-day readings differ.

  • PM2.5 — annual mean: 9.43 µg/m³ · official validated air-quality station bulk; no exact target station-period input found21
Temperature through the yearAverage daytime high and night-time low, °C
Porto average monthly daytime high and night-time low temperature, °C0°10°20°30°JFMAMJJASOND25°6°Daytime highNight-time low
Rainfall through the yearAverage monthly precipitation, mm
Porto average monthly precipitation, mm0459013518015198101968634172968149166153JFMAMJJASONDmm
Air quality vs health guidelinesAnnual means against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limits
Porto annual air pollutant levels against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limitsCity valueWHO guidelineEU limit5259.4PM2.5154024.6PM10104016.7NO₂µg/m³

City values from the published air-quality observations. WHO 2021 guidelines and EU limit values are published constants.

PM2.5 across cities in PortugalAnnual PM2.5 in Porto is 9.4 µg/m³. Of 70 cities with data, 26 have annual PM2.5 of 8 to under 9 µg/m³.
annual PM2.5, µg/m³ · measured cities in Portugal per band1 city: 1 µg/m³ to under 2 µg/m³11–24 cities: 2 µg/m³ to under 3 µg/m³42–34 cities: 3 µg/m³ to under 4 µg/m³43–49 cities: 4 µg/m³ to under 5 µg/m³94–514 cities: 5 µg/m³ to under 6 µg/m³145–65 cities: 6 µg/m³ to under 7 µg/m³56–75 cities: 7 µg/m³ to under 8 µg/m³57–826 cities: 8 µg/m³ to under 9 µg/m³268–92 cities: 9 µg/m³ to under 10 µg/m³29–10Porto 9.4

Annual PM2.5 (µg/m³)

MetricValuePeriodSource
NO₂ — annual mean16.72 µg/m³country median 10.52024official validated air-quality station bulk; no exact target station-period input found21Independent
PM10 — annual mean24.62 µg/m³country median 18.62024official validated air-quality station bulk; no exact target station-period input found21Independent
PM2.5 — annual mean9.43 µg/m³country median 6.22024official validated air-quality station bulk; no exact target station-period input found21Independent
Average daytime high by monthJan 14 · Feb 15 · Mar 17 · Apr 18.1 · May 20.3 · Jun 22.7 · Jul 24.3 · Aug 24.8 · Sep 23.5 · Oct 20.7 · Nov 16.8 · Dec 14.7 °C31 Dec 2020IPMA climate normal — mean monthly maximum air temperature, Porto / Pedras Rubras, 1991-20209Official
Average night-time low by monthJan 6.4 · Feb 6.8 · Mar 8.8 · Apr 10.1 · May 12.3 · Jun 14.5 · Jul 15.5 · Aug 15.7 · Sep 14.8 · Oct 12.9 · Nov 9.4 · Dec 7.6 °C31 Dec 2020IPMA climate normal — mean monthly minimum air temperature, Porto / Pedras Rubras, 1991-20209Official
Average temperature by monthJan 10.2 · Feb 10.9 · Mar 12.9 · Apr 14.1 · May 16.3 · Jun 18.6 · Jul 19.9 · Aug 20.2 · Sep 19.2 · Oct 16.8 · Nov 13.1 · Dec 11.1 °C31 Dec 2020IPMA climate normal — mean monthly air temperature, Porto / Pedras Rubras, 1991-20209Official
Average precipitation by monthJan 151 · Feb 97.8 · Mar 101.1 · Apr 95.5 · May 85.6 · Jun 33.7 · Jul 16.6 · Aug 29.3 · Sep 68.2 · Oct 148.9 · Nov 165.9 · Dec 153.3 mm31 Dec 2020IPMA climate normal — mean monthly precipitation, Porto / Pedras Rubras, 1991-20209Official

Cities of a similar size in Portugal

Closest published populations, for a like-for-like comparison.

All Portugal cities
Vila Nova de Gaia303,824 residentsCascais214,124 residentsBraga212,635 residentsLoures201,590 residentsSintra385,606 residentsAlmada177,238 residents

Population and city profile

The city covered 41.4 km² in 2021. Population density was 5,596.3 people per km² in 2021.

How many people live in Porto?

The published population was 273,476 people in 2025. Source: INE Portugal indicator 0012917 — annual resident population estimates6

Who lives hereResidents by nationality, % of population
Porto residents by nationalityBy nationalityNational passport87%Foreign residents13%

Calculated from the population and foreign-resident facts on this page.

MetricValuePeriodSource
City area41.42 km²2021Local normalized archive of official INE municipality rows: DICO identity, populationTotal and areaKm2 at municipality/LAU-1 grain.10Official
Foreign-resident share7.3 %31 Dec 2023Eurostat4Official
Foreign residents35,651 people2023Foreign population with legal resident status at 31 December; Total Nacionalidade; annual municipality value.16Independent
Population density5,596 people/km²2021Reproducible derived density from the same-period INE populationTotal divided by areaKm2; no external density number was substituted.10Official
Population273,476 people31 Dec 2025INE Portugal indicator 0012917 — annual resident population estimates6Official
Population over time10 published observations, 2016–2025
Population in Porto by year, residents190,808476,904762,9991,049,09520162018202020222025273,476residents

Population fell 71.7% between 2016 and 2025, from 966,751 to 273,476.

Foreign residents over time10 published observations, 2014–2023
Foreign residents in Porto by year, residents13,26526,01238,76051,5072014201620182020202335,651residents

Foreign residents rose 118.9% between 2014 and 2023, from 16,283 to 35,651.

International community in Porto

Named groups from exact city-grain official distributions. Citizenship, birthplace, language and ancestry answer different questions and stay separate.

Country of birth

Resident population at the 19 April 2021 Census reference date; total sex (HM) and total age; source-native indicator universe · 2021-04-19

Published groupPeopleShare
Total231,800100.0%
Portuguesa206,74389.2%
Estrangeira25,05710.8%
América11,6255.0%
Brasil10,0454.3%
África6,4032.8%
Europa5,3692.3%
União Europeia 27 (s/ PT - a partir de 2020)3,9261.7%
Angola3,2951.4%
França1,7310.7%
Ásia1,6290.7%
Show 50 more groups
Published groupPeopleShare
Outros países - Europa1,4430.6%
Moçambique1,3320.6%
Venezuela7370.3%
Cabo Verde6660.3%
Espanha6460.3%
Outros países - Ásia5210.2%
Outros países - África5090.2%
Alemanha4790.2%
Reino Unido4790.2%
Itália4100.2%
China3620.2%
Índia3460.1%
Outros países - América3300.1%
Ucrânia3260.1%
Estados Unidos da América3170.1%
Suíça2860.1%
Bangladeche2720.1%
Guiné-Bissau2180.1%
África do Sul2000.1%
Federação da Rússia1910.1%
São Tomé e Príncipe1830.1%
Outros1240.1%
Canadá1150.0%
Bélgica920.0%
Polónia880.0%
Nepal860.0%
Luxemburgo820.0%
Argentina810.0%
Roménia760.0%
Países Baixos (Reino dos)640.0%
Paquistão420.0%
Bulgária390.0%
Moldávia370.0%
Lituânia330.0%
Suécia330.0%
Oceânia310.0%
Irlanda250.0%
Hungria230.0%
Áustria210.0%
Austrália190.0%
Grécia170.0%
Chéquia150.0%
Dinamarca150.0%
Outros países - Oceânia120.0%
Letónia100.0%
Eslováquia90.0%
Estónia60.0%
Finlândia60.0%
Eslovénia50.0%
Malta10.0%

Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source8

Citizenship

Resident population at the 19 April 2021 Census reference date; total sex (HM) and total age; source-native indicator universe · 2021-04-19

Published groupPeopleShare
Total231,800100.0%
Portuguesa217,29993.7%
Estrangeira14,4976.3%
América8,0713.5%
Brasil7,3813.2%
Europa3,3451.4%
União Europeia 27 (s/ PT - a partir de 2020)2,6211.1%
África1,6900.7%
Ásia1,3680.6%
Outros países - Europa7240.3%
Angola6860.3%
Show 53 more groups
Published groupPeopleShare
França6600.3%
Itália6220.3%
Espanha5810.3%
China4070.2%
Cabo Verde3450.1%
Reino Unido3120.1%
Outros países - Ásia3050.1%
Outros países - África2920.1%
Índia2810.1%
Alemanha2620.1%
Bangladeche2450.1%
Outros países - América2330.1%
Estados Unidos da América1950.1%
Venezuela1910.1%
Ucrânia1650.1%
Moçambique1510.1%
Federação da Rússia1140.0%
Guiné-Bissau1030.0%
São Tomé e Príncipe890.0%
Nepal860.0%
Polónia790.0%
Outros690.0%
Países Baixos (Reino dos)630.0%
Roménia590.0%
Bélgica580.0%
Suíça480.0%
Argentina440.0%
Paquistão440.0%
Bulgária320.0%
Lituânia320.0%
Canadá270.0%
Suécia250.0%
África do Sul240.0%
Oceânia230.0%
Irlanda220.0%
Áustria210.0%
Hungria170.0%
Moldávia160.0%
Grécia140.0%
Austrália130.0%
Chéquia130.0%
Outros países - Oceânia100.0%
Letónia100.0%
Estónia90.0%
Finlândia90.0%
Eslováquia90.0%
Dinamarca80.0%
Luxemburgo60.0%
Eslovénia50.0%
Apátrida40.0%
Croácia30.0%
Chipre10.0%
Malta10.0%

Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source7

Is Porto a good place to live?

There is no universal answer. The profile scores below show who the available published evidence may suit; they are a decision aid, not a personal recommendation.

Try your profile
Remote worker50%strong on work, weak on safety · range 42–58%
Skilled employee60%strong on work, weak on education · range 52–68%
Student29%strong on legal route, weak on education · range 20–38%
Family40%strong on family, weak on education · range 32–48%
Retirement44%strong on legal route, weak on admin · range 35–53%
Foreign residents35,651 people2023Independent source · Foreign population with legal resident status at 31 December; Total Nacionalidade; annual municipality value.
Population273,476 people31 Dec 2025Official source · INE Portugal indicator 0012917 — annual resident population estimates
Average net rent (nettokalt)10.15 EUR/m²/month31 Dec 2022Official source · www.ine.pt
Median monthly rent950 EUR/month15 May 2025Independent source · Numbeo
Median gross salary1,629 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Official source · Collected source
Unemployment rate3.45 %30 Jun 2026Independent source · IEFP — registered unemployment by municipality, June 2026
Every value keeps its source, geographic scope and verification date · Last checked 2026-09-11

Common questions

Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.

How many people live in Porto?

The published population was 273,476 people in 2025. Source: INE Portugal indicator 0012917 — annual resident population estimates.

How much does it cost to rent in Porto?

Average net cold rent is 10.15 EUR/m² per month (2022-Q2), excluding heating and operating charges. For a 70 m² flat that is about 711 EUR a month before utilities. Source: www.ine.pt.

Is the air quality good in Porto?

The annual PM2.5 mean is about 9.4 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³. Source: official validated air-quality station bulk; no exact target station-period input found.

How safe is Porto?

Police recorded 5,240 incidents per 100,000 (2022). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: INE — Taxa de criminalidade (‰) por Localização geográfica (NUTS 2013) e Categoria de crime; Anual, indicador 0008074, categoria Total, ano 2022.

What is the typical salary in Porto?

The median gross salary is about 1,629 EUR/month (2022). Source: Collected source.

What is the unemployment rate in Porto?

The unemployment rate is about 3.5 % (June 2026). Source: IEFP — registered unemployment by municipality, June 2026.

Is Porto a good place to live?

Porto may suit different people for different reasons. The page's profile scores compare published cost, work, housing, safety, healthcare and other available factors; they are a decision aid, not a universal recommendation.

How many people born in Europa live in Porto?

The official country of birth distribution records 5,369 people (2.3%) in the source-defined population for 2021-04-19. This is a country of birth measure, not a general estimate of ethnicity or migration status.

Cite this page

Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.

APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, September 12). Porto, Portugal: rent, salary, jobs, safety [ImmigrationDB compilation; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/cities/pt/porto/ Retrieved 2026-09-12. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_porto-portugal-rent-salary-jobs-safety_7593ab7c6f22,
  author = {ImmigrationDB},
  title = {Porto, Portugal: rent, salary, jobs, safety},
  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-09-12},
  version = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  snapshot = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/cities/pt/porto/},
  note = {Retrieved 2026-09-12. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}
Markdown citation
[Porto, Portugal: rent, salary, jobs, safety](https://immigrationdb.com/cities/pt/porto/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; retrieved 2026-09-12; built 2026-09-12.

This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.

Sources

JSON Markdown
  1. ANACOM COM.escolha — Internet tariff query for Porto postal prefix 4000 ANACOM COM.escolha · anacom.pt · checked 2026-09-11
  2. Andante — Transportes Metropolitanos do Porto, 2026 tariff Andante · andante.pt · checked 2026-09-11
  3. Collected source ine.pt · checked 2026-08-04
  4. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-02
  5. INE — Taxa de criminalidade (‰) por Localização geográfica (NUTS 2013) e Categoria de crime; Anual, indicador 0008074, categoria Total, ano 2022 INE · ine.pt · checked 2026-07-31
  6. INE Portugal indicator 0012917 — annual resident population estimates INE Portugal indicator 0012917 · ine.pt · checked 2026-09-01
  7. Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE), Portugal Censos 2021 indicator 0014632 nationality ine.pt · checked 2026-09-01
  8. Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE), Portugal Censos 2021 indicator 0014633 country of birth ine.pt · checked 2026-09-01
  9. IPMA climate normal — mean monthly maximum air temperature, Porto / Pedras Rubras, 1991-2020 IPMA climate normal · ipma.pt · checked 2026-07-26
  10. Local normalized archive of official INE municipality rows: DICO identity, populationTotal and areaKm2 at municipality/LAU-1 grain. ine.pt · checked 2026-07-15
Show 11 more sources
  1. Official INE Statistics of Health Personnel indicator 0012837: physicians per 1,000 inhabitants by municipality of residence. Exact municipality row selected by INE DICO geocod; value converted to the requested per-100k unit. ine.pt · checked 2026-07-15
  2. OpenFlights — routes.dat OpenFlights · raw.githubusercontent.com · checked 2026-07-14
  3. OurAirports — airports.csv OurAirports · davidmegginson.github.io · checked 2026-07-14
  4. Visit Porto — RO restaurant listing Visit Porto · visitporto.travel · checked 2026-09-11
  5. www.ine.pt ine.pt · checked 2026-08-26
  6. Foreign population with legal resident status at 31 December; Total Nacionalidade; annual municipality value. pordata.pt · checked 2026-07-15
  7. IEFP — registered unemployment by municipality, June 2026 IEFP · iefp.pt · checked 2026-07-26
  8. Numbeo numbeo.com · checked 2026-07-14
  9. Numbeo numbeo.com · checked 2026-08-03
  10. Numbeo city cost-of-living page — /cities/pt/porto/ Numbeo city cost-of-living page · de.numbeo.com · checked 2026-09-05
  11. official validated air-quality station bulk; no exact target station-period input found aqportal.discomap.eea.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-15

Spotted a number that looks wrong? Every value here carries its source and date — tell us what you found and we will re-check it against the source.