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Living in Columbus

In Columbus (Ohio), the median gross salary is €3,313 a month (2024).

Columbus is a city in the United States, with a population of 914,802 in July 2026. Median gross rent was US$1,295 per month, while the median home value was US$252,900 in July 2026. There were 239 physicians per 100,000 residents in 2026.

Last checked 2026-09-1940 sources

Population938,396people31 Dec 2025Official source · U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program
Median gross salary3,313EUR/month31 Dec 2024Official source · ACS 2024 1-year table-based Summary File, table B20002 (Median Earnings in the Past 12 Months (in 2024 inflation-adjusted dollars) by Sex for the Population 16 Years and Over with Earnings), place records
Median rent1,138EUR/month31 Dec 2024Independent source · Census Reporter mirror of ACS 2024 5-year tables
Unemployment rate5.11%31 Dec 2024Independent source · Census Reporter mirror of ACS 2024 5-year tables
Recorded crime3,088offences per 100,000country median 1,586 — 95% aboveOfficial source · FBI Crime Data Explorer / Uniform Crime Reporting
PM2.5, annual mean9.6µg/m³country median 7.0 — 37% aboveOfficial source · EPA AQS annual PM2.5 monitor data 2024

More recorded crime than 83% of American cities that publish it and dirtier air than 93% of American cities that publish it.

Which United States-wide rules apply when you move to Columbus?

National rules stay on the country page instead of being relabelled as city data.

Housing and cost

Owner occupation was 44.1%, and the vacancy rate was 8.15% in July 2026. 46.6% of renter households spent at least 30% of income on housing in July 2026.

What recurs every month6 published recurring costs, € per month
Columbus recurring monthly costs, € per month

€ / month

Private kindergarten€1387
Utilities, 85 m² flat€194
Mobile plan, 10 GB€58
Internet, 60 Mbps€57
Transport pass€54
Fitness club€35

Supplemental estimate lane, not official statistics: Utilities, 85 m² flat, Private kindergarten, Fitness club, Internet, 60 Mbps, Mobile plan, 10 GB. The others are published prices.

MetricValuePeriodSource
Fitness club membership, monthly34.83 EUR/month31 Jul 2026Numbeo - Cost of Living in Columbus (Wayback Machine capture 20260616202011)40Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Internet, 60 Mbps unlimited56.79 EUR/month31 Jul 2026Numbeo - Cost of Living in Columbus (Wayback Machine capture 20260616202011)40Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Private kindergarten, monthly1,387 EUR/month31 Jul 2026Numbeo - Cost of Living in Columbus (Wayback Machine capture 20260616202011)40Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Mobile plan, 10 GB58.04 EUR/month31 Jul 2026Numbeo - Cost of Living in Columbus (Wayback Machine capture 20260616202011)40Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Monthly transport pass54.1 EUR/month30 Sept 2026Fares — COTA (Columbus, OH)13Official
Basic utilities, 85 m² home194.1 EUR/month31 Jul 2026Numbeo - Cost of Living in Columbus (Wayback Machine capture 20260616202011)40Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Median gross rent$1,295/month4 Jul 2026ACS median gross rent5Official
Households spending over 30% of income on rent46.59 %4 Jul 2026ACS median gross rent5Official
Housing vacancy rate (legacy series)8.15 %4 Jul 2026ACS median gross rent5Official
Property crime per 100,000 residents3,308 per 100,000 people1 Jul 2026FBI CDE/UCR crime statistics14Official
Median monthly rent1,138 EUR/month31 Dec 2024Census Reporter mirror of ACS 2024 5-year tables30Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Recorded property crimes23,522 offenses/year31 Dec 2025FBI CIUS Table 8 by City 2025 (CDE offenses-known-to-le-2025.zip)15Official

Is Columbus a good place to live?

There is no universal answer. The profile scores below show who the available published evidence may suit; they are a decision aid, not a personal recommendation.

Try your profile
Remote worker42%strong on work, weak on safety · range 33–51%
Skilled employee51%strong on work, weak on safety · range 42–60%
Student45%strong on education, weak on work · range 35–55%
Family43%strong on family, weak on cost · range 34–52%
Retirement42%strong on legal route, weak on admin · range 32–52%

Worked out from these numbers

How international is the population?

14.6% of residents hold a foreign nationality — 137,163 of 938,396 people. This counts nationality, not place of birth, so long-settled residents who naturalised are not in it.

Work and income

Median household income was US$66,082 a year in July 2026.

Unemployment across cities in United StatesUnemployment in Columbus is 5.1%. Of 2,153 cities with data, 1,250 have unemployment of 0 to under 5%.

Unemployment rate (%)

MetricValuePeriodSource
Public employment offices1 count15 Sept 2026OhioMeansJobs Columbus-Franklin County — official local center22Official
Median household income66,082 USD/year4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official
Households with cable, fibre or DSL broadband82.88 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official
Households with a broadband subscription93.56 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official
Households with internet but no subscription1.84 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official
Households without internet4.56 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official
Households with satellite internet4.07 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official
Median gross salary3,313 EUR/month31 Dec 2024ACS 2024 1-year table-based Summary File, table B20002 (Median Earnings in the Past 12 Months (in 2024 inflation-adjusted dollars) by Sex for the Population 16 Years and Over with Earnings), place records4Official
Median gross salary (regional)3,794 EUR/month31 Dec 2025www.bls.gov29Official
Unemployment rate5.11 %31 Dec 2024Census Reporter mirror of ACS 2024 5-year tables30Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context

What does a salary buy in Columbus?

Take-home pay after tax, minus rent and the everyday bills this city publishes. Each line names its source.

Columbus median gross pay: €3,313 (ACS 2024 1-year table-based Summary File, table B20002 (Median Earnings in the Past 12 Months (in 2024 inflation-adjusted dollars) by Sex for the Population 16 Years and Over with Earnings), place records, 2024-12-31).
Left over each month€1,304of €2,611 take-home
  • Rent
  • Transport
  • Internet
  • Mobile
  • Left over
Line-by-line breakdown and sources
Each month€
Take-home payOECD Taxing Wages 2025, single, no children. Includes central and local income tax and employee social contributions; euro amounts at the ECB average for 2026-08.€2,611
Rentmedian gross rent, utilities included · US Census Bureau, ACS 2020–2024 5-year (via Census Reporter)− €1,138
Public transport pass€54 · official · Fares · 2026-09-30− €54
Utilities, 85 m²included in the gross rent aboveincl.
Internet€57 · market price · Numbeo - Cost of Living in Columbus (Wayback Machine capture 20260616202011) · 2026-07-31− €57
Mobile plan€58 · market price · Numbeo - Cost of Living in Columbus (Wayback Machine capture 20260616202011) · 2026-07-31− €58
Left over€1,304
Take-home pay for other salaries and households Compare with another city Check a job offer in Columbus Salary needed to live in Columbus

Public employment offices in Columbus

OhioMeansJobs Columbus-Franklin County lists 1 public employment office in Columbus (checked 2026-09-16). Use the official office finder for addresses and appointments; registration and job search are also available online through the national service below.

Office count verified

American Job Centers — Public employment service

U.S. Department of Labor Employment and Training Administration

Job Search

The office count comes from the service's own directory. Individual addresses and opening hours are not listed here yet. Sources checked through 16 Sept 2026.

Family and education

MetricValuePeriodSource
Residents with high school education or higher89.74 %4 Jul 2026ACS median gross rent5Official
Schools320 schools30 Jun 2026NCES CCD public school count18Official source, approximated value · Supplemental context · school district
School enrolment, share of residents26.01 %4 Jul 2026ACS median gross rent5Official

Healthcare

MetricValuePeriodSource
Mental health provider ratio2 ratio30 Jun 2026HRSA mental health provider ratio17Official
Primary care doctors per 100,000 residents239 per 100,000 people30 Jun 2026HRSA mental health provider ratio17Official
Preventable hospitalizations2,484 per 100,000 people30 Jun 2026HRSA mental health provider ratio17Official
GP practices2,260 count13 Sept 2026NPPES Data Dissemination V.2 — September 202621Official
Hospitals23 count30 Sept 2026CMS Hospital General Information10Official
Pharmacies210 count13 Sept 2026NPPES Data Dissemination V.2 — September 202621Official
Physicians per 100,000 residents741.5 per 100,00013 Sept 2026NPPES Data Dissemination V.2 — September 202621Official

Yes — migrants can receive medical care in Columbus when the national insurance or residence conditions are met.

Healthcare access follows the country-wide insurance rules; local capacity facts remain city data and are not used as proof of eligibility.

Open the official coverage guide
Country rule verified 2026-08-03.

Safety

Recorded crime across major citiesColumbus highlighted among comparable cities
Recorded crime across major cities with Columbus highlighted

recorded incidents per 100k residents

Philadelphia5,457
Houston5,442
San Antonio5,218
Chicago4,012
Dallas4,010
Austin3,709
Fort Worth3,158
Phoenix3,125
Columbus3,088
New York City3,039
Los Angeles2,212
San Diego2,082
MetricValuePeriodSource
Burglaries per 100,000 residents444.7 incidents per 100,00031 Dec 2024US-FBI-CDE-OHCOP0000-202427Official
Recorded incidents per 100,000 residents3,088 offences per 100,000country median 1,58631 Dec 2024FBI Crime Data Explorer / Uniform Crime Reporting16Official
Violent crime per 100,000 residents485.4 incidents per 100,00031 Dec 2024US-FBI-CDE-OHCOP0000-202428Official
Recorded violent crimes3,517 offenses/year31 Dec 2025FBI CIUS Table 8 by City 2025 (CDE offenses-known-to-le-2025.zip)15Official

Mobility and administration

MetricValuePeriodSource
Average commute time21.53 minutes4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official
Workers commuting by bicycle0.44 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official
Workers commuting by public transport1.94 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official
Workers walking to work2.52 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official
Destinations from nearest airport32 count3 Aug 2026OpenFlights23Official
Nearest airportCMH3 Aug 2026OurAirports24Official
Distance to nearest airport10 km3 Aug 2026OurAirports24Official

Language courses and integration

No exact city-level course record is currently published for Columbus. These verified national programmes may still apply; use the official programme page to check local availability.

Country-level information

Adult Education and English Language Acquisition (AEFLA) — State Language Course

U.S. Department of Education

For adult learners, adult English-language learners.

EnglishIn Person, Online, HybridCost varies

USCIS English and citizenship class finder — Civic Orientation

U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services

For immigrants, future citizens.

EnglishIn Person, OnlineCost varies
National programme information is not treated as proof of a course location in Columbus.

Find courses near Columbus

Climate and air quality

Temperature through the yearAverage daytime high and night-time low, °C
Rainfall through the yearAverage monthly precipitation, mm
Air quality vs health guidelinesAnnual means against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limits

City values from the published air-quality observations. WHO 2021 guidelines and EU limit values are published constants.

PM2.5 across cities in United StatesAnnual PM2.5 in Columbus is 9.6 µg/m³. Of 968 cities with data, 261 have annual PM2.5 of 6 to under 7 µg/m³.

Annual PM2.5 (µg/m³)

MetricValuePeriodSource
PM2.5 — annual mean9.6 µg/m³country median 7.031 Dec 2024EPA AQS annual PM2.5 monitor data 202412Official
Average daytime high by monthJan 2.5 · Feb 4.61 · Mar 10.33 · Apr 17.89 · May 23.39 · Jun 27.78 · Jul 29.44 · Aug 28.94 · Sep 25.61 · Oct 18.78 · Nov 11.28 · Dec 4.94 °C1991–2020NOAA U.S. Climate Normals 1991-202020Official
Average night-time low by monthJan -6.17 · Feb -5.22 · Mar -0.56 · Apr 4.89 · May 10.78 · Jun 16.17 · Jul 18.11 · Aug 16.94 · Sep 12.56 · Oct 6.33 · Nov 0.5 · Dec -2.89 °C1991–2020NOAA U.S. Climate Normals 1991-202020Official
Average temperature by monthJan -1.83 · Feb -0.33 · Mar 4.89 · Apr 11.39 · May 17.11 · Jun 21.94 · Jul 23.78 · Aug 22.94 · Sep 19.11 · Oct 12.56 · Nov 5.89 · Dec 1.06 °C1991–2020NOAA U.S. Climate Normals 1991-202020Official
Average precipitation by monthJan 78.49 · Feb 66.8 · Mar 98.55 · Apr 102.6 · May 121.4 · Jun 119.4 · Jul 108.7 · Aug 97.54 · Sep 96.01 · Oct 81.03 · Nov 77.22 · Dec 86.61 mm1991–2020NOAA U.S. Climate Normals 1991-202020Official
PM2.5, highest monitored reading134.9 µg/m³1 Jul 2026EPA AirData PM2.5 annual mean11Official source, approximated value · Supplemental context · county
PM2.5, annual mean9.97 µg/m³1 Jul 2026EPA AirData PM2.5 annual mean11Official source, approximated value · Supplemental context · county
PM2.5 monitoring sites10 monitors1 Jul 2026EPA AirData PM2.5 annual mean11Official source, approximated value · Supplemental context · county
Annual precipitation988.4 mm30 Jun 2026NOAA GHCN-Daily climate normals19Official source, approximated value · Supplemental context · station observation
Maximum July temperature24.08 °C30 Jun 2026NOAA GHCN-Daily climate normals19Official source, approximated value · Supplemental context · station observation
Average annual temperature12.86 °C30 Jun 2026NOAA GHCN-Daily climate normals19Official source, approximated value · Supplemental context · station observation
Minimum January temperature2.72 °C30 Jun 2026NOAA GHCN-Daily climate normals19Official source, approximated value · Supplemental context · station observation

Population and city profile

Who lives hereResidents by nationality, % of population

Calculated from the population and foreign-resident facts on this page.

MetricValuePeriodSource
Foreign-resident share14.99 %31 Dec 2020ACS 2020-2024 5-year table-based Summary File, table B05002 (Place of Birth by Nativity and Citizenship Status), place records2Official
Foreign residents137,163 people31 Dec 2020ACS 2020-2024 5-year table-based Summary File, table B05002 (Place of Birth by Nativity and Citizenship Status), place records2Official
Transit service area population3,422,229 people4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official
Population density1,636 people/km²31 Dec 2025Census Reporter / U.S. Census Bureau9Official
Population938,396 people31 Dec 2025U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program26Official
Population covered by crime statistics940,106 people31 Dec 2025FBI CIUS Table 8 by City 2025 (CDE offenses-known-to-le-2025.zip)15Official

Additional context

MetricValuePeriodSource
Median home value252,900 USD4 Jul 2026ACS median gross rent5Official
Owner-occupied homes44.14 %4 Jul 2026ACS median gross rent5Official
Labour force participation rate70.1 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official
Residents born abroad14.99 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official
Naturalized citizens, share of residents7.05 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official
Non-citizens, share of residents7.94 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official
Flu vaccination coverage62.28 %30 Jun 2026CDC BRFSS flu vaccination coverage7Official
Mammography screening coverage77.3 %30 Jun 2026CDC mammography screening rate8Official
Residents without health insurance10.32 %4 Jul 2026ACS median gross rent5Official
Residents with a bachelor's degree or higher38.19 %4 Jul 2026ACS median gross rent5Official
Crime reporting agencies1 agencies1 Jul 2026FBI CDE/UCR crime statistics14Official
Households with a vehicle available91.52 %4 Jul 2026ACS median gross rent5Official
Public transport agencies in the National Transit Database4 agencies4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official
Transit passenger trips, 202210,380,636 trips4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official
Transit vehicles in peak service, 2022293 vehicles4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official
Workers aged 16 and over477,886 workers4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official
Workers mainly working from home18.32 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official
Households using cellular data plans89.13 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population6Official

Alternatives for people set on Columbus

Three places for the three reasons people leave a city on the shortlist: stay in the region, stay in the country, or keep the budget and change the country. A percentage appears only where both cities publish that metric from the same source, period and grain. Distances are straight lines — travel times are not collected yet.

Upper Arlington as a Columbus alternative in the same region

9 km away, better on 1 of 5 metrics measured the same way, worse on 0. Median gross pay, city and recorded crime, per 100k cannot be compared like for like.

  • Unemployment: 2.0% Upper Arlington vs 5.1% Columbus−61%
  • Residents: 35,893 Upper Arlington vs 938,396 Columbus−96%
  • Median gross pay, city: €6,111 Upper Arlington vs €3,313 Columbusno percentage
  • Recorded crime, per 100k: 827 Upper Arlington vs 3,088 Columbusno percentage
  • Median gross pay, region: €3,794 Upper Arlington vs €3,794 Columbussame level
  • Annual PM2.5: 9.6 µg/m³ Upper Arlington vs 9.6 µg/m³ Columbussame level
  • Nearest airport: 10.0 km Upper Arlington vs 10.0 km Columbussame level

Boston as a Columbus alternative in the same country

A move, not a commute, at 1034 km, better on 6 of 7 metrics measured the same way, worse on 1.

  • Median gross pay, city: €4,518 Boston vs €3,313 Columbus+36%
  • Foreign residents: 27.8% Boston vs 15.0% Columbus+86%
  • Median gross pay, region: €4,923 Boston vs €3,794 Columbus+30%
  • Annual PM2.5: 6.1 µg/m³ Boston vs 9.6 µg/m³ Columbus−36%
  • Nearest airport: 3.0 km Boston vs 10.0 km Columbus−70%
  • Unemployment: 6.1% Boston vs 5.1% Columbus+19%
  • Recorded crime, per 100k: 2,650 Boston vs 3,088 Columbus−14%

Vilnius as a Columbus alternative in another country

Better on 1 of 2 metrics measured the same way, worse on 0. Recorded crime, per 100k and foreign residents cannot be compared like for like.

  • Recorded crime, per 100k: 1,929 (2025) Vilnius vs 3,088 (2024) Columbusno percentage
  • Nearest airport: 6.0 km Vilnius vs 10.0 km Columbus−40%
  • Foreign residents: 8.0% (2024) Vilnius vs 15.0% (2020) Columbusno percentage
  • Basic utilities, 85 m²: €199 Vilnius vs €194 Columbussame level

Cities near Columbus

Published cities within 25 km, nearest first. Distances are straight-line.

Lincoln Village Commuting Zone · 11.3 km away
Rent
963.6 EUR/monthMedian monthly rent · 2020-12-31
Salary
3,092 EUR/monthMedian gross salary · 2020-12-31
Blacklick Estates Commuting Zone · 13.2 km away
Rent
1,255 EUR/monthMedian monthly rent · 2020-12-31
Salary
2,806 EUR/monthMedian gross salary · 2020-12-31

Alternative cities in United States

Other cities in United States to compare with Columbus, nearest in population first.

All United States cities

How does Columbus compare?

Pick a city. The answer appears here and the address bar keeps it, so the comparison can be shared; the page stays Columbus's.

Columbus in rankings

Common questions

Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.

What is the typical salary around Columbus?

The median gross salary is 3,794 EUR/month. Source: www.bls.gov.

What is the unemployment rate in Columbus?

The unemployment rate is 5.11 %. This is a supplemental estimate, not an official municipal measurement. Source: Census Reporter mirror of ACS 2024 5-year tables.

Is the air quality good in Columbus?

The annual PM2.5 mean is 9.6 µg/m³. The WHO 2021 guideline is 5 µg/m³ and the EU limit value is 25 µg/m³, so this reading is above the WHO guideline but within the EU limit. Source: EPA AQS annual PM2.5 monitor data 2024.

How safe is Columbus?

Police recorded 3,088 offences per 100,000. This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: FBI Crime Data Explorer / Uniform Crime Reporting.

How many people live in Columbus?

The published population is 938,396 people. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program.

How many foreign residents live in Columbus?

137,163 residents hold a foreign nationality. Source: ACS 2020-2024 5-year table-based Summary File, table B05002 (Place of Birth by Nativity and Citizenship Status), place records.

Is Columbus a good place to live?

Columbus may suit different people for different reasons. The page's profile scores compare published cost, work, housing, safety, healthcare and other available factors; they are a decision aid, not a universal recommendation.

Which cities are near Columbus?

Grandview Heights, Bexley, Upper Arlington, Whitehall, Obetz are near Columbus. Typed relationship labels are shown where published; other rows use straight-line distance from admitted coordinates.

Cite this page

Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.

APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, October 16). Columbus (Ohio), United States: population, rent, salary [ImmigrationDB compilation; version 9de6dc9a076dc2d7abfaf418e37e4ec0]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/cities/us/columbus-oh/ Retrieved 2026-10-16. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_columbus-ohio-united-states-population-rent-salary_0c87910e47fc,
  author = {ImmigrationDB},
  title = {Columbus (Ohio), United States: population, rent, salary},
  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-10-16},
  version = {9de6dc9a076dc2d7abfaf418e37e4ec0},
  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/cities/us/columbus-oh/},
  note = {Retrieved 2026-10-16. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}
Markdown citation
[Columbus (Ohio), United States: population, rent, salary](https://immigrationdb.com/cities/us/columbus-oh/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; version 9de6dc9a076dc2d7abfaf418e37e4ec0; retrieved 2026-10-16; built 2026-10-16.

This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.

Sources

JSON Markdown
  1. 2024 American Community Survey 5-year detailed tables api.census.gov · checked 2026-10-04
  2. ACS 2020-2024 5-year table-based Summary File, table B05002 (Place of Birth by Nativity and Citizenship Status), place records www2.census.gov · checked 2026-09-18
  3. ACS 2020-2024 5-year table-based Summary File, table B25064 (Median Gross Rent), place records www2.census.gov · checked 2026-09-18
  4. ACS 2024 1-year table-based Summary File, table B20002 (Median Earnings in the Past 12 Months (in 2024 inflation-adjusted dollars) by Sex for the Population 16 Years and Over with Earnings), place records www2.census.gov · checked 2026-09-18
  5. ACS median gross rent api.censusreporter.org · checked 2026-07-04
  6. ACS total population api.censusreporter.org · checked 2026-07-04
  7. CDC BRFSS flu vaccination coverage data.cdc.gov · checked 2026-06-30
  8. CDC mammography screening rate data.cdc.gov · checked 2026-06-30
  9. Census Reporter / U.S. Census Bureau api.censusreporter.org · checked 2026-08-03
  10. CMS Hospital General Information data.cms.gov · checked 2026-09-15
Show 30 more sources
  1. EPA AirData PM2.5 annual mean aqs.epa.gov · checked 2026-07-01
  2. EPA AQS annual PM2.5 monitor data 2024 aqs.epa.gov · checked 2026-07-26
  3. Fares — COTA (Columbus, OH) Fares · cota.com · checked 2026-09-19
  4. FBI CDE/UCR crime statistics cde.ucr.cjis.gov · checked 2026-07-01
  5. FBI CIUS Table 8 by City 2025 (CDE offenses-known-to-le-2025.zip) cde.ucr.cjis.gov · checked 2026-09-05
  6. FBI Crime Data Explorer / Uniform Crime Reporting cde.ucr.cjis.gov · checked 2026-08-04
  7. HRSA mental health provider ratio data.hrsa.gov · checked 2026-06-30
  8. NCES CCD public school count nces.ed.gov · checked 2026-06-30
  9. NOAA GHCN-Daily climate normals ncei.noaa.gov · checked 2026-06-30
  10. NOAA U.S. Climate Normals 1991-2020 ncei.noaa.gov · checked 2026-07-26
  11. NPPES Data Dissemination V.2 — September 2026 NPPES Data Dissemination V.2 · download.cms.gov · checked 2026-09-18
  12. OhioMeansJobs Columbus-Franklin County — official local center OhioMeansJobs Columbus-Franklin County · omjcfc.org · checked 2026-09-15
  13. OpenFlights raw.githubusercontent.com · checked 2026-08-03
  14. OurAirports davidmegginson.github.io · checked 2026-08-03
  15. TIGERweb ACS2023 — Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas (CBSA, January 1 2023) TIGERweb ACS2023 · tigerweb.geo.census.gov · checked 2026-09-19
  16. U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program www2.census.gov · checked 2026-08-03
  17. US-FBI-CDE-OHCOP0000-2024 cde.ucr.cjis.gov · checked 2026-09-15
  18. US-FBI-CDE-OHCOP0000-2024 cde.ucr.cjis.gov · checked 2026-09-15
  19. www.bls.gov bls.gov · checked 2026-08-27
  20. Census Reporter mirror of ACS 2024 5-year tables api.censusreporter.org · checked 2026-07-26
  21. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  22. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  23. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  24. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  25. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  26. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  27. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  28. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  29. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  30. Numbeo - Cost of Living in Columbus (Wayback Machine capture 20260616202011) numbeo.com · checked 2026-07-31

Spotted a number that looks wrong? Every value here carries its source and date — tell us what you found and we will re-check it against the source.