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Cities with the strongest published PM2.5 and NO2 combination

Cities with both annual PM2.5 and annual NO2 are compared using a transparent average of their lower-is-better percentile ranks. The two original values and sources remain visible.

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Macedo de Cavaleiros, Portugal has the strongest lower-is-better overlap in the current dual-metric coverage. Read both pollutant values and their source scopes; this is not a complete health or air-quality verdict.

Items compared
30
Countries represented
9
Last checked
2026-08-26

Source-backed answers

Compare each answer with its unit and checked date; the complete source ledger is below.

Showing all 30 rows

Original rankCity or placePublished valueSource and scope
1Macedo de Cavaleiros, PortugalPM2.5 2.66 µg/m³ · NO2 1.45 µg/m³2026-08-26
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: city · Period: 2020-12-31 + 2024
2Santana, PortugalPM2.5 2.84 µg/m³ · NO2 1.46 µg/m³2026-07-15
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: city · Period: 2024
3Alcoutim, PortugalPM2.5 2.77 µg/m³ · NO2 1.76 µg/m³2026-07-15
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: city · Period: 2024
4Krokom, SwedenPM2.5 2.91 µg/m³ · NO2 1.48 µg/m³2026-07-15
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: city · Period: 2023
5Åre, SwedenPM2.5 2.91 µg/m³ · NO2 1.5 µg/m³2026-07-15
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: city · Period: 2023
6Torsby, SwedenPM2.5 3.04 µg/m³ · NO2 0.689 µg/m³2026-07-15
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: city · Period: 2023 + 2024
7Boden, SwedenPM2.5 3.27 µg/m³ · NO2 0.459 µg/m³2026-07-15
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: city · Period: 2023 + 2024
8Sunne, SwedenPM2.5 3.38 µg/m³ · NO2 0.666 µg/m³2026-07-15
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: city · Period: 2023 + 2024
9São Vicente, PortugalPM2.5 3 µg/m³ · NO2 1 µg/m³2026-08-01
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: nearest_station · Period: 2024-12-31
10Corner Brook, CanadaPM2.5 1.95 µg/m³ · NO2 2.58 µg/m³2026-07-15
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: city · Period: 2024
11Fredericton, CanadaPM2.5 2.48 µg/m³ · NO2 2.6 µg/m³2026-07-15
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: city · Period: 2024
12Charlottetown, CanadaPM2.5 2.08 µg/m³ · NO2 2.71 µg/m³2026-07-15
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: city · Period: 2024
13Stratford, CanadaPM2.5 2.08 µg/m³ · NO2 2.71 µg/m³2026-07-15
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: city · Period: 2024
14Bad Krozingen, GermanyPM2.5 3 µg/m³ · NO2 2 µg/m³2026-08-01
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: nearest_station · Period: 2024-12-31
15Kandern, GermanyPM2.5 3 µg/m³ · NO2 2 µg/m³2026-08-01
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: nearest_station · Period: 2024-12-31
16Schönau im Schwarzwald, GermanyPM2.5 3 µg/m³ · NO2 2 µg/m³2026-08-01
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: nearest_station · Period: 2024-12-31
17Staufen im Breisgau, GermanyPM2.5 3 µg/m³ · NO2 2 µg/m³2026-08-01
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: nearest_station · Period: 2024-12-31
18Sulzburg, GermanyPM2.5 3 µg/m³ · NO2 2 µg/m³2026-08-01
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: nearest_station · Period: 2024-12-31
19Albufeira, PortugalPM2.5 3 µg/m³ · NO2 2.37 µg/m³2026-08-03
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: city · Period: 2024-12-31 + 2024
20Norfolk County, CanadaPM2.5 3.14 µg/m³ · NO2 2.6 µg/m³2026-07-15
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: city · Period: 2024
21Haljala vald, EstoniaPM2.5 4 µg/m³ · NO2 1 µg/m³2026-08-01
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: nearest_station · Period: 2024-12-31
22Jõgeva vald, EstoniaPM2.5 4 µg/m³ · NO2 1 µg/m³2026-08-01
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: nearest_station · Period: 2024-12-31
23Verín, SpainPM2.5 4 µg/m³ · NO2 1 µg/m³2026-08-01
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: nearest_station · Period: 2024-12-31
24Saint-Hubert, BelgiumPM2.5 3.57 µg/m³ · NO2 2.97 µg/m³2026-07-15
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: city · Period: 2024-12-31
25Amble, United KingdomPM2.5 3.99 µg/m³ · NO2 2.56 µg/m³2026-07-15
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: city · Period: 2025
26Castell, Es, SpainPM2.5 4 µg/m³ · NO2 2 µg/m³2026-08-01
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: nearest_station · Period: 2024-12-31
27Chantada, SpainPM2.5 4 µg/m³ · NO2 2 µg/m³2026-08-01
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: nearest_station · Period: 2024-12-31
28Monforte de Lemos, SpainPM2.5 4 µg/m³ · NO2 2 µg/m³2026-08-01
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: nearest_station · Period: 2024-12-31
29Egremont, United KingdomPM2.5 4.21 µg/m³ · NO2 2.41 µg/m³2026-07-15
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: city · Period: 2025
30Barr, FrancePM2.5 4.24 µg/m³ · NO2 2.07 µg/m³2026-07-15
Source 1 Source 2 Scope: city · Period: 2024

What the numbers say

  • Macedo de Cavaleiros, Portugal leads at 0.39.
  • Barr, France sits at the other end with 2.4.
  • The middle of this ranking is 1.02, across 30 places that publish the metric.
  • The spread between first and last is 2.01.

What this measures

Keep cities with compatible annual PM2.5 and annual NO2 observations, rank each pollutant lower-is-better within the overlapping coverage, then average the two percentile ranks.

  • Lower composite rank means both published pollutant values are relatively low within the overlap set.
  • This does not infer missing pollutants or city-wide exposure from a regional observation.
Rows
30 places
Geographic grain
2 grains: city, nearest_station
Observation period
2020-12-31 + 2024 to 2025
Last checked
2026-08-26
With an official source link
30 of 30

Cite this page

Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.

APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, September 12). Cities with the strongest published PM2.5 and NO2 combination [ImmigrationDB compilation; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/reports/cities-with-cleanest-air/ Retrieved 2026-09-12. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_cities-with-the-strongest-published-pm2-5-and-no2-combination_08bd545e93ba,
  author = {ImmigrationDB},
  title = {Cities with the strongest published PM2.5 and NO2 combination},
  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-09-12},
  version = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  snapshot = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/reports/cities-with-cleanest-air/},
  note = {Retrieved 2026-09-12. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}
Markdown citation
[Cities with the strongest published PM2.5 and NO2 combination](https://immigrationdb.com/reports/cities-with-cleanest-air/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; retrieved 2026-09-12; built 2026-09-12.

This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.

Sources

  1. cdn.who.intcdn.who.int · Checked 2026-08-26
  2. official validated air-quality station bulk; no exact target station-period input foundEuropean Environment Agency · Checked 2026-07-15
  3. Official SMHI 2023 national model values are derived from exact-kommun receptor/grid features.SMHI · Checked 2026-07-15
  4. Official SMHI 2023 national model values are derived from exact-kommun receptor/grid features.SMHI · Checked 2026-07-15
  5. Official SMHI 2023 national model values are derived from exact-kommun receptor/grid features.SMHI · Checked 2026-07-15
  6. Official exact-kommun station observations are derived to a kommun aggregate.Naturvårdsverket via SMHI · Checked 2026-07-15
  7. Official SMHI 2023 national model values are derived from exact-kommun receptor/grid features.SMHI · Checked 2026-07-15
  8. Official SMHI 2023 national model values are derived from exact-kommun receptor/grid features.SMHI · Checked 2026-07-15
  9. EEA air quality statistics — PT PM2.5 annual mean 2024 (station Santana)European Environment Agency (EEA) · Checked 2026-08-01
  10. EEA air quality statistics — PT NO2 annual mean 2024 (station Santana)European Environment Agency (EEA) · Checked 2026-08-01
  11. Official ECCC/NAPS 2024 annual daily-mean station observations, reproducibly aggregated as an arithmetic mean for eligible stations within 25 km of the target city coordinate. This is a derived place observation, not an asserted municipal monitor aggregate.Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC), National Air Pollution Surveillance (NAPS) Program · Checked 2026-07-15
  12. Official ECCC/NAPS 2024 station DMean observation retained at source grain; no place value is asserted because the approved 25 km observation condition is not met.Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC), National Air Pollution Surveillance (NAPS) Program · Checked 2026-07-15