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Living in Leioa

In Leioa, rents across existing tenancies average €11.00 per m² a month (2024) and unemployment is 4.1% (2026).

Leioa's population was 32,748 at the start of 2025. In June 2026, the unemployment rate was 4.07%.

Last checked 2026-09-1932 sources

Population32,748people1 Jan 2025Official source · Leioa - official stats
Median gross salary (region)2,659EUR/month31 Dec 2024Official source · Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE)
Average net rent11EUR/m²/monthcountry median €5.10 — 116% aboveOfficial source · es.eustat.eus
Unemployment rate4.07%country median 4.4% — 7% belowIndependent source · SEPE — registered unemployment by municipality, June 2026
Recorded crime3,216incidents per 100,000country median 4,281 — 25% belowOfficial source · MIR 2024 Q4 exact III. TOTAL INFRACCIONES PENALES, enero-diciembre 2024; INE 29005 denominator.
PM2.5, annual mean8µg/m³31 Dec 2024Nearest stationOfficial source · EEA air quality statistics — ES PM2.5 annual mean 2024 (station ERANDIO)

Pricier rent than 98% of Spanish cities that publish it, less recorded crime than 91% of Spanish cities that publish it and cleaner air than 70% of Spanish cities that publish it.

Which Spain-wide rules apply when you move to Leioa?

National rules stay on the country page instead of being relabelled as city data.

Housing and cost

How much does it cost to rent in Leioa?

Average net cold rent is 11 EUR/m² per month (2024), excluding heating and operating charges.

Published average over existing tenancies; a specific flat can sit either side of it. Asking-rent series, where present, are separate rows in the table.

  • Average net rent (nettokalt): 11 EUR/m²/month · es.eustat.eus6
What recurs every month2 published recurring costs, € per month
Leioa recurring monthly costs, € per month

€ / month

Internet, 60 Mbps€20
Mobile plan, 10 GB€12
Net rent across major citiesLeioa highlighted among comparable cities
Net rent across major cities with Leioa highlighted

net rent, € / m² / month

Madrid€14.00
Barcelona€13.70
Bilbao€11.50
Leioa€11.00
Alicante€7.10
Murcia€5.80
Show the other 6 cities
Palma€9.80
Málaga€9.60
Seville€9.20
Valencia€8.20
Zaragoza€7.70
Las Palmas de Gran Canaria€7.30
MetricValuePeriodSource
Internet, 60 Mbps unlimited20 EUR/month30 Sept 2026DIGI 300 Mbps fibre2Official · national market
Mobile plan, 10 GB12 EUR/month30 Sept 2026DIGI 100GB mobile plan1Official · national market
Dwellings13,803 dwellings31 Dec 2021Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain13Official
Main residence dwellings12,732 dwellings31 Dec 2021Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain13Official
Secondary, seasonal or vacant dwellings1,074 dwellings31 Dec 2021Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain13Official
Average net rent (nettokalt)11 EUR/m²/monthcountry median €5.1031 Dec 2024es.eustat.eus6Official

Is Leioa a good place to live?

There is no universal answer. The profile scores below show who the available published evidence may suit; they are a decision aid, not a personal recommendation.

Try your profile
Remote worker60%strong on work, weak on air quality · range 51–69%
Skilled employee64%strong on work, weak on education · range 55–73%
Student57%strong on cost, weak on education · range 47–67%
Family56%strong on family, weak on education · range 47–65%
Retirement54%strong on safety, weak on admin · range 43–65%

Worked out from these numbers

What does a 60 m² flat cost?

About 660 EUR a month in cold rent at the published average of 11 EUR/m² per month, before heating and operating charges.

Heating, water and operating charges come on top, and a specific flat can sit either side of an average.

Source period: 2024

Work and income

What is the unemployment rate in Leioa?

The unemployment rate is about 4.1 % (June 2026).

  • Unemployment rate: 4.07 % · SEPE — registered unemployment by municipality, June 202632
Unemployment across cities in SpainUnemployment in Leioa is 4.1%. Of 1,361 cities with data, 844 have unemployment of 0 to under 5%.

Unemployment rate (%)

MetricValuePeriodSource
Gigabit broadband availability99.52 %30 Jun 2025SETELECO Cobertura Banda Ancha España 2021-202520Official
People in employment13,890 people31 Dec 2021Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain13Official
Median gross salary (regional)2,659 EUR/month31 Dec 2024Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE)9Official · regional context
Unemployment rate4.07 %country median 4.4%30 Jun 2026SEPE — registered unemployment by municipality, June 202632Independent

What does a salary buy in Leioa?

Take-home pay after tax, minus rent and the everyday bills this city publishes. Each line names its source.

regional median gross pay: €2,659 (Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), 2024-12-31).
Left over each month€1,349of €2,041 take-home
  • Rent
  • Internet
  • Mobile
  • Left over
Line-by-line breakdown and sources
Each month€
Take-home payOECD Taxing Wages 2025, single, no children. Includes central and local income tax and employee social contributions.€2,041
Rent, 60 m²€11.00/m² · official · es.eustat.eus · 2024-12-31− €660
Internet€20 · official · DIGI 300 Mbps fibre · 2026-09-30− €20
Mobile plan€12 · official · DIGI 100GB mobile plan · 2026-09-30− €12
Other everyday billsnot published for this city: public transport pass, utilities—
Left overbefore the bills this city does not publish€1,349
Take-home pay for other salaries and households Compare with another city Check a job offer in Leioa Salary needed to live in Leioa

Public employment service

No exact public employment office is currently linked to Leioa. The verified national service may still offer online registration, job search or an official office finder.

Country-level information

Servicio Público de Empleo Estatal — Public employment service

Servicio Público de Empleo Estatal (SEPE)

Job SearchUnemployment ClaimTraining

Country-level service information is not treated as proof of a physical office in Leioa. Sources checked through 10 Aug 2026.

Safety

How safe is Leioa?

Police recorded about 3,216 incidents per 100,000 (2024). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: MIR 2024 Q4 exact III. TOTAL INFRACCIONES PENALES, enero-diciembre 2024; INE 29005 denominator.15

Recorded crime across major citiesLeioa highlighted among comparable cities
Recorded crime across major cities with Leioa highlighted

recorded incidents per 100k residents

Pamplona7,766
Alicante7,419
Murcia5,289
Córdoba5,095
Melilla5,090
Vitoria-Gasteiz4,916
Cartagena4,578
Castellón de la Plana4,251
Elche4,043
Lorca3,706
Logroño3,690
Burgos3,628
MetricValuePeriodSource
Recorded incidents per 100,000 residents3,216 incidents per 100,000country median 4,28131 Dec 2024MIR 2024 Q4 exact III. TOTAL INFRACCIONES PENALES, enero-diciembre 2024; INE 29005 denominator.15Official

Mobility and administration

The nearest airport was BIO, 6.7 km away, with 35 listed destinations in June 2026. Gigabit broadband availability was 99.5% in June 2025.

MetricValuePeriodSource
Destinations from nearest airport35 count13 Jun 2026OpenFlights — routes.dat17Official
Nearest airportBIO13 Jun 2026OurAirports — airports.csv18Official
Distance to nearest airport6.7 km13 Jun 2026OurAirports — airports.csv18Official

Language courses and integration

No exact city-level course record is currently published for Leioa. These verified national programmes may still apply; use the official programme page to check local availability.

Country-level information

Escuelas Oficiales de Idiomas — public language education network — State Language Course

Ministry of Education, Vocational Training and Sports / autonomous education authorities

For adult language learners, residents.

In Person, Online, HybridCost varies
National programme information is not treated as proof of a course location in Leioa.

Find courses near Leioa

Climate and air quality

Is the air quality good in Leioa?

The annual PM2.5 mean is 8 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³. Source: EEA air quality statistics — ES PM2.5 annual mean 2024 (station ERANDIO)5

Annual mean at the measuring site(s) serving the city; current-day readings differ.

Temperature through the yearAverage daytime high and night-time low, °C
Rainfall through the yearAverage monthly precipitation, mm
Sunshine through the yearAverage monthly sunshine, hours
Air quality vs health guidelinesAnnual means against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limits

City values from the published air-quality observations. WHO 2021 guidelines and EU limit values are published constants.

PM2.5 across cities in SpainAnnual PM2.5 in Leioa is 8.0 µg/m³. Of 269 cities with data, 57 have annual PM2.5 of 8 to under 9 µg/m³.

Annual PM2.5 (µg/m³)

MetricValuePeriodSource
NO₂ — annual mean18 µg/m³31 Dec 2024EEA air quality statistics — ES NO2 annual mean 2024 (station SESTAO)3Official · nearest-station reading
PM10 — annual mean15 µg/m³31 Dec 2024EEA air quality statistics — ES PM10 annual mean 2024 (station ERANDIO)4Official · nearest-station reading
PM2.5 — annual mean8 µg/m³31 Dec 2024EEA air quality statistics — ES PM2.5 annual mean 2024 (station ERANDIO)5Official · nearest-station reading
Average daytime high by monthJan 13.5 · Feb 14.1 · Mar 16.6 · Apr 18 · May 21 · Jun 23.6 · Jul 25.5 · Aug 26.4 · Sep 24.6 · Oct 21.5 · Nov 16.5 · Dec 14.1 °C1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station BILBAO/AEROPUERTO21Official · nearest-station reading
Average night-time low by monthJan 5.4 · Feb 5.1 · Mar 6.7 · Apr 8.1 · May 11 · Jun 13.9 · Jul 16 · Aug 16.2 · Sep 14 · Oct 11.7 · Nov 8.3 · Dec 6.2 °C1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station BILBAO/AEROPUERTO21Official · nearest-station reading
Average temperature by monthJan 9.4 · Feb 9.6 · Mar 11.6 · Apr 13.1 · May 16 · Jun 18.8 · Jul 20.7 · Aug 21.3 · Sep 19.3 · Oct 16.6 · Nov 12.4 · Dec 10.1 °C1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station BILBAO/AEROPUERTO21Official · nearest-station reading
Average precipitation by monthJan 131.4 · Feb 108.7 · Mar 97.5 · Apr 96.6 · May 75.9 · Jun 58.2 · Jul 51.8 · Aug 52.7 · Sep 75 · Oct 111.6 · Nov 170.5 · Dec 124.8 mm1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station BILBAO/AEROPUERTO21Official · nearest-station reading
Average sunshine by monthJan 75.4 · Feb 89.3 · Mar 126.8 · Apr 137.8 · May 166.6 · Jun 168.4 · Jul 176.8 · Aug 173.8 · Sep 156.2 · Oct 121.4 · Nov 77.7 · Dec 73.8 hours1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station BILBAO/AEROPUERTO21Official · nearest-station reading

Similar climate. In Spain: Lugo ±2.6 °C. Elsewhere: Ventura (United States) ±2.0 °C, Gondomar (Portugal) ±1.0 °C, Maia (Portugal) ±1.0 °C, Matosinhos (Portugal) ±1.0 °C, Valongo (Portugal) ±1.0 °C. Twenty closest, compared month by month

Monthly highs and lows against the 1991–2020 station normals of the nearest station; ± is the average monthly difference.

Population and city profile

How many people live in Leioa?

The published population was 32,748 people in January 2025. Source: Leioa - official stats14

Who lives hereResidents by nationality, % of population

Calculated from the population and foreign-resident facts on this page.

MetricValuePeriodSource
City area8.39 km²20 Oct 2025www.ign.es22Official
Foreign-resident share6.97 %31 Dec 2025Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE España)8Official
Foreign residents2,206 people1 Jan 2024Official INE municipal population by country of nationality; foreign total derived as Total nationality minus España.16Official
Female residents16,634 people31 Dec 2023Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE)10Official
Male residents15,857 people31 Dec 2023Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE)10Official
Population32,748 people1 Jan 2025Leioa - official stats14Official

International community in Leioa

Named groups from exact city-grain official distributions. Citizenship, birthplace, language and ancestry answer different questions and stay separate.

Country of birth

Population resident in Spain; both sexes; official INE Census 2021 municipal table · 2021 Census

Published groupPeopleShare
TOTAL32,182100.0%
Spain29,13490.5%
South America1,6295.1%
Africa3621.1%
European Union (without Spain)3451.1%
Central America and Caribbean2930.9%
Asia2380.7%
Rent of Europe1320.4%
North America470.1%
Oceania20.0%

Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source11

Citizenship

Population resident in Spain; both sexes; official INE Census 2021 municipal table · 2021 Census

Published groupPeopleShare
TOTAL32,182100.0%
Spanish30,33994.3%
South America7552.3%
Africa3201.0%
European Union (without Spain)2770.9%
Central America and Caribbean2150.7%
Asia2060.6%
Rent of Europe460.1%
North America200.1%
Statelens30.0%
Oceania10.0%

Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source12

Additional context

MetricValuePeriodSource
Households12,732 households31 Dec 2021Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain13Official
Labour force15,771 people31 Dec 2021Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain13Official

Alternatives for people set on Leioa

Three places for the three reasons people leave a city on the shortlist: stay in the region, stay in the country, or keep the budget and change the country. A percentage appears only where both cities publish that metric from the same source, period and grain. Distances are straight lines — travel times are not collected yet.

Vitoria-Gasteiz as a Leioa alternative in the same region

59 km away, better on 2 of 4 metrics measured the same way, worse on 0. Recorded crime, per 100k and foreign residents cannot be compared like for like.

  • Residents: 260,699 Vitoria-Gasteiz vs 32,748 Leioa+696%
  • Rent: €9.50/m² Vitoria-Gasteiz vs €11.00/m² Leioa−14%
  • Recorded crime, per 100k: 4,916 Vitoria-Gasteiz vs 3,216 Leioano percentage
  • Foreign residents: 11.7% (2024) Vitoria-Gasteiz vs 7.0% (2025) Leioano percentage
  • Nearest airport: 5.8 km Vitoria-Gasteiz vs 6.7 km Leioa−13%
  • Median gross pay, region: €2,659 Vitoria-Gasteiz vs €2,659 Leioasame level

Tres Cantos as a Leioa alternative in the same country

A move, not a commute, at 309 km, better on 3 of 6 metrics measured the same way, worse on 2. Rent cannot be compared like for like.

  • Nearest airport: 16.9 km Tres Cantos vs 6.7 km Leioa+152%
  • Unemployment: 2.6% Tres Cantos vs 4.1% Leioa−37%
  • Rent: €10.60/m² (2022) Tres Cantos vs €11.00/m² (2024) Leioano percentage
  • Residents: 54,592 Tres Cantos vs 32,748 Leioa+67%
  • Foreign residents: 9.6% Tres Cantos vs 7.0% Leioa+38%
  • Median gross pay, region: €2,336 Tres Cantos vs €2,659 Leioa−12%
  • Recorded crime, per 100k: 3,044 Tres Cantos vs 3,216 Leioa−5%

Cities near Leioa

Published cities within 25 km, nearest first. Distances are straight-line.

Bilbao Commuting Zone · 8.4 km away
Rent
11.5 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2024-12-31
Getxo 2.4 km away
Rent
11.7 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2024-12-31
Sestao 2.6 km away
Rent
9.9 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2024-12-31
Erandio 2.8 km away
Rent
10.3 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2024-12-31
Portugalete 3.0 km away
Rent
10.2 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2024-12-31
Barakaldo 3.6 km away
Rent
10.7 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2024-12-31
Santurtzi 3.8 km away
Rent
10.3 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2024-12-31
Berango 4.1 km away
Rent
10.8 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2024-12-31

Alternative cities in Spain

Other cities in Spain to compare with Leioa, nearest in population first.

All Spain cities

How does Leioa compare?

Pick a city. The answer appears here and the address bar keeps it, so the comparison can be shared; the page stays Leioa's.

Yes — migrants can receive medical care in Leioa under the national coverage rules.

Healthcare access follows the country-wide insurance rules; local capacity facts remain city data and are not used as proof of eligibility.

Open the official coverage guide
Country rule verified 2026-08-03.

School for children who move here. School is compulsory from age 6 to 16. Newly arrived pupils get support in the school language: Regional reception programmes (aulas de enlace Madrid / aules d acollida Catalonia etc). How to enrol a child (educacionfpydeportes.gob.es).

A country-wide rule for Spain; Leioa's school authority applies it locally.

Sources: eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu · 2025–2026.

Is Leioa part of Bilbao?

Leioa is in the published commuting zone of Bilbao; this does not mean it is administratively part of the hub. Bilbao city profile

Relationship type: Commuting Zone Of. Source7

Common questions

Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.

How many people live in Leioa?

The published population was 32,748 people in January 2025. Source: Leioa - official stats.

How much does it cost to rent in Leioa?

Average net cold rent is 11 EUR/m² per month (2024), excluding heating and operating charges. For a 70 m² flat that is about 770 EUR a month before utilities. Source: es.eustat.eus.

Is the air quality good in Leioa?

The annual PM2.5 mean is 8 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³. Source: EEA air quality statistics — ES PM2.5 annual mean 2024 (station ERANDIO).

How safe is Leioa?

Police recorded about 3,216 incidents per 100,000 (2024). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: MIR 2024 Q4 exact III. TOTAL INFRACCIONES PENALES, enero-diciembre 2024; INE 29005 denominator..

What is the unemployment rate in Leioa?

The unemployment rate is about 4.1 % (June 2026). Source: SEPE — registered unemployment by municipality, June 2026.

What is the typical salary around Leioa?

The median gross salary is 2,659 EUR/month. Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE).

Is Leioa a good place to live?

Leioa may suit different people for different reasons. The page's profile scores compare published cost, work, housing, safety, healthcare and other available factors; they are a decision aid, not a universal recommendation.

Is Leioa part of Bilbao?

Leioa is in the published commuting zone of Bilbao; this does not mean it is administratively part of the hub.

Which cities are near Leioa?

Bilbao, Getxo, Sestao, Erandio, Portugalete are near Leioa. Typed relationship labels are shown where published; other rows use straight-line distance from admitted coordinates.

How many people born in Spain live in Leioa?

The official country of birth distribution records 29,134 people (90.5%) in the source-defined population for 2021 Census. This is a country of birth measure, not a general estimate of ethnicity or migration status.

Cite this page

Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.

APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, October 16). Leioa, Spain: population, rent, salary, cost of living, jobs [ImmigrationDB compilation; version 60be7d7bf365a085d3e0a01e43ce3356]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/cities/es/leioa/ Retrieved 2026-10-16. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_leioa-spain-population-rent-salary-cost-of-living-jobs_369e44ec69f3,
  author = {ImmigrationDB},
  title = {Leioa, Spain: population, rent, salary, cost of living, jobs},
  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-10-16},
  version = {60be7d7bf365a085d3e0a01e43ce3356},
  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/cities/es/leioa/},
  note = {Retrieved 2026-10-16. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}
Markdown citation
[Leioa, Spain: population, rent, salary, cost of living, jobs](https://immigrationdb.com/cities/es/leioa/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; version 60be7d7bf365a085d3e0a01e43ce3356; retrieved 2026-10-16; built 2026-10-16.

This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.

Sources

JSON Markdown
  1. DIGI 100GB mobile plan digimobil.es · checked 2026-09-15
  2. DIGI 300 Mbps fibre digimobil.es · checked 2026-09-15
  3. EEA air quality statistics — ES NO2 annual mean 2024 (station SESTAO) EEA air quality statistics · air.discomap.eea.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-31
  4. EEA air quality statistics — ES PM10 annual mean 2024 (station ERANDIO) EEA air quality statistics · air.discomap.eea.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-31
  5. EEA air quality statistics — ES PM2.5 annual mean 2024 (station ERANDIO) EEA air quality statistics · air.discomap.eea.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-31
  6. es.eustat.eus es.eustat.eus · checked 2026-08-26
  7. GISCO Urban Audit 2021 — Functional Urban Areas (URAU_RG_100K_2021_4326_FUA) GISCO Urban Audit 2021 · gisco-services.ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-09-19
  8. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE España) ine.es · checked 2026-08-03
  9. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) servicios.ine.es · checked 2026-08-06
  10. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) ine.es · checked 2026-08-07
Show 22 more sources
  1. Instituto Nacional de Estadistica (INE), Spain servicios.ine.es · checked 2026-08-30
  2. Instituto Nacional de Estadistica (INE), Spain servicios.ine.es · checked 2026-08-30
  3. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain ine.es · checked 2026-08-07
  4. Leioa - official stats ine.es · checked 2026-07-14
  5. MIR 2024 Q4 exact III. TOTAL INFRACCIONES PENALES, enero-diciembre 2024; INE 29005 denominator. estadisticasdecriminalidad.ses.mir.es · checked 2026-07-16
  6. Official INE municipal population by country of nationality; foreign total derived as Total nationality minus España. ine.es · checked 2024-01-01
  7. OpenFlights — routes.dat OpenFlights · raw.githubusercontent.com · checked 2026-07-14
  8. OurAirports — airports.csv OurAirports · davidmegginson.github.io · checked 2026-07-14
  9. SERPAVI 2026 — Tabla 2, Madrid SERPAVI 2026 · publicaciones.transportes.gob.es · checked 2026-07-26
  10. SETELECO Cobertura Banda Ancha España 2021-2025 digital.gob.es · checked 2025-06-30
  11. WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station BILBAO/AEROPUERTO WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 · ncei.noaa.gov · checked 2026-07-31
  12. www.ign.es ign.es · checked 2026-08-30
  13. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  14. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  15. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  16. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  17. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  18. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  19. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  20. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  21. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  22. SEPE — registered unemployment by municipality, June 2026 SEPE · sepe.es · checked 2026-07-26

Spotted a number that looks wrong? Every value here carries its source and date — tell us what you found and we will re-check it against the source.