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Living in Luxembourg

Luxembourg is the national capital of Luxembourg. Luxembourg had a population of 136,161 in 2025. Commute shares were 28.8% by public transport, 25.3% by walking and 3.6% by cycling in 2021. The high-school-or-higher share was 77.6% in 2021.

Which Luxembourg-wide rules apply when you move to Luxembourg?

National rules stay on the country page instead of being relabelled as city data.

Visa and entry rulesPassport-specific entry and national residence context.BenefitsCountry-wide eligibility and official application routes.Taxes in LuxembourgNational rates and thresholds that apply in Luxembourg.Healthcare eligibilityCountry-wide insurance and residence conditions.

Housing and cost

Owner occupation accounted for 47.3% of homes in 2021.

No city-level rent figure is published for Luxembourg. The available city-level cost figures remain below.

What recurs every month6 published recurring costs, € per month
Luxembourg recurring monthly costs, € per month€1225Private kindergarten€260Utilities, 85 m² flat€65Fitness club€52Internet, 60 Mbps€24Mobile plan, 10 GB€0Transport pass€ / month

Supplemental estimate lane; these items are not official statistics.

MetricValuePeriodSource
Fitness club membership, monthly64.82 EUR/month31 Jul 2026Lebenshaltungskosten in Luxemburg17Commercial estimate · Supplemental context
Col Groceries Index Basket Eur Month97.78 EUR/month3 Aug 2026Numbeo18Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Internet, 60 Mbps unlimited51.64 EUR/month31 Jul 2026Lebenshaltungskosten in Luxemburg17Commercial estimate · Supplemental context
Private kindergarten, monthly1,225 EUR/month31 Jul 2026Lebenshaltungskosten in Luxemburg17Commercial estimate · Supplemental context
Meal at an inexpensive restaurant24.5 EUR31 Jul 2026Lebenshaltungskosten in Luxemburg17Commercial estimate · Supplemental context
Mobile plan, 10 GB23.75 EUR/month31 Jul 2026Lebenshaltungskosten in Luxemburg17Commercial estimate · Supplemental context
Monthly transport pass0 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v216Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Basic utilities, 85 m² home259.6 EUR/month31 Jul 2026Lebenshaltungskosten in Luxemburg17Commercial estimate · Supplemental context

Work and income

The unemployment rate was 6.64% in 2025. The employment rate was 56.1% in 2021.

What is the unemployment rate in Luxembourg?

The unemployment rate is about 6.6 % (2025).

  • Unemployment rate: 6.64 % · Emploi et chômage par canton et commune — DF_X026, C6 Unemployment rate (in %), 20252
Unemployment across cities in LuxembourgUnemployment in Luxembourg is 6.6%. Of 27 cities with data, 8 have unemployment of 6 to under 7%.
unemployment rate, % · measured cities in Luxembourg per band4 cities: 3% to under 4%43–46 cities: 4% to under 5%64–52 cities: 5% to under 6%25–68 cities: 6% to under 7%86–7Luxembourg 6.6%2 cities: 7% to under 8%27–83 cities: 8% to under 9%38–91 city: 9% to under 10%19–101 city: 10% to under 11%110–11

Unemployment rate (%)

MetricValuePeriodSource
Employment rate56.1 %2021LU official material for foreign_population_total6Official
Median gross salary (regional)5,139 EUR/month31 Mar 2022STATEC Luxembourg in Figures 2023 — Luxembourg municipality median monthly salary14Official · regional context
Unemployment rate6.64 %country median 6.0%31 Dec 2025Emploi et chômage par canton et commune — DF_X026, C6 Unemployment rate (in %), 20252Official
Unemployment rate over time7 published observations, 1991–2025
Unemployment rate in Luxembourg by year, %1.7%4.0%6.3%8.6%19912006200820256.6%%

Unemployment rate rose 206.1% between 1991 and 2025, from 2.2% to 6.6%.

Public employment service

No exact public employment office is currently linked to Luxembourg. The verified national service may still offer online registration, job search or an official office finder.

Country-level information

Agence pour le développement de l'emploi — Public employment service

Agence pour le développement de l'emploi (ADEM)

Job SearchRegistrationCareer CounsellingTrainingUnemployment Claim
Register
Open the Luxembourg service overview

Country-level service information is not treated as proof of a physical office in Luxembourg. Sources checked through 10 Aug 2026.

Family and education

A monthly estimate placed private kindergarten fees at €1,224.72 in July 2026.

MetricValuePeriodSource
G07 High School Or Higher Share Pct77.6 %2021LU official material for foreign_population_total6Official

Mobility and administration

MetricValuePeriodSource
G09 Bicycle Commute Share Pct3.6 %2021LU official material for foreign_population_total6Official
G09 Transit Commute Share Pct28.8 %2021LU official material for foreign_population_total6Official
G09 Walk Commute Share Pct25.3 %2021LU official material for foreign_population_total6Official
Destinations from nearest airport54 count3 Aug 2026OpenFlights9Official
Nearest airportLUX3 Aug 2026OurAirports10Official
Distance to nearest airport6 km3 Aug 2026OurAirports10Official

Language courses and integration in Luxembourg

8 exact course-location records are linked to this city. Check the linked source for dates, availability and enrolment.

Verified locally
8verified local records
Check courses in LuxembourgHow the country programme works
Exact city-linked records checked 2026-08-10. Showing 3 representative locations from 8 verified records. Provider-supplied records are supplemental and are not presented as official accreditation.

Climate and air quality

Monthly mean temperatures were 1.4°C in January and 18°C in July. Monthly precipitation was 87.1 mm in January and 73.6 mm in July. Annual PM2.5 was 7 µg/m³ at the end of 2024.

Is the air quality good in Luxembourg?

The annual PM2.5 mean is 7 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³. Source: EEA Air Quality Annual Statistics — validated PM2.5 station data1

Annual mean at the measuring site(s) serving the city; current-day readings differ.

Rainfall through the yearAverage monthly precipitation, mm
Luxembourg average monthly precipitation, mm03060901208768605370777477667881107JFMAMJJASONDmm
Sunshine through the yearAverage monthly sunshine, hours
Luxembourg average monthly sunshine, hours05511016522046741361831901942172111621065039JFMAMJJASONDhours
Air quality vs health guidelinesAnnual means against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limits
Luxembourg annual air pollutant levels against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limitsCity valueWHO guidelineEU limit5257.0PM2.5104033.5NO₂µg/m³

City values from the published air-quality observations. WHO 2021 guidelines and EU limit values are published constants.

MetricValuePeriodSource
NO₂ — annual mean33.5 µg/m³31 Dec 2012Eurostat3Official
PM2.5 — annual mean7 µg/m³31 Dec 2024EEA Air Quality Annual Statistics — validated PM2.5 station data1Official
Average temperature by monthJan 1.4 · Feb 2 · Mar 5.1 · Apr 8.9 · May 12.9 · Jun 16.1 · Jul 18 · Aug 17.3 · Sep 13.3 · Oct 9.2 · Nov 5 · Dec 2.3 °C1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 station CSV19Independent
Average precipitation by monthJan 87.1 · Feb 68 · Mar 60.1 · Apr 53.2 · May 69.7 · Jun 77 · Jul 73.6 · Aug 77 · Sep 66.3 · Oct 78.1 · Nov 81.1 · Dec 107.1 mm1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 station CSV19Independent
Average sunshine by monthJan 46.2 · Feb 73.6 · Mar 135.7 · Apr 182.7 · May 190.1 · Jun 194.1 · Jul 217.2 · Aug 210.8 · Sep 161.8 · Oct 105.8 · Nov 50 · Dec 38.8 hours1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 station CSV19Independent

Which nearby places are linked to Luxembourg?

Official and functional links appear before nearby-only places.

Dudelange Satellite · 14.9 km8
Rent
Not collectedNo exact local rent fact
Recorded crime
Not collectedNo exact total-rate fact
Esch-sur-Alzette Satellite · 17.1 km8
Rent
Not collectedNo exact local rent fact
Recorded crime
Not collectedNo exact total-rate fact
Differdange Satellite · 20.5 km8
Rent
Not collectedNo exact local rent fact
Recorded crime
Not collectedNo exact total-rate fact
Ettelbruck Satellite · 26.2 km8
Rent
Not collectedNo exact local rent fact
Recorded crime
Not collectedNo exact total-rate fact
Howald Nearby Independent Place · 3.5 km4
Rent
Not collectedNo exact local rent fact
Recorded crime
Not collectedNo exact total-rate fact
Soleuvre Nearby Independent Place · 17.1 km4
Rent
Not collectedNo exact local rent fact
Recorded crime
Not collectedNo exact total-rate fact
Belvaux Nearby Independent Place · 18.6 km4
Rent
Not collectedNo exact local rent fact
Recorded crime
Not collectedNo exact total-rate fact
Rodange Nearby Independent Place · 21.9 km4
Rent
Not collectedNo exact local rent fact
Recorded crime
Not collectedNo exact total-rate fact

Cities of a similar size in Luxembourg

Closest published populations, for a like-for-like comparison.

All Luxembourg cities
Esch-sur-Alzette37,922 residentsDifferdange30,789 residentsDudelange22,203 residentsSanem19,688 residentsHesperange17,298 residentsKäerjeng11,406 residents

Population and city profile

The city covered 51.7 km² in 2024. Population density was 2,631.8 people per km² in 2025.

How many people live in Luxembourg?

The published population was 136,161 people in 2025. Source: Population by commune, DF_X02111

Who lives hereResidents by nationality, % of population
Luxembourg residents by nationalityBy nationalityNational passport33.6%Foreign residents66.4%

Calculated from the population and foreign-resident facts on this page.

MetricValuePeriodSource
City area51.74 km²9 Jul 2024LU official material for city_area_km25Official
Foreign-resident share70.1 %2025LU official material for foreign_population_total6Official
Foreign residents90,464 people2021LU official material for foreign_population_total6Official
Population density2,632 people/km²1 Jan 2025LU official material for population_density_per_km27Official
Population136,161 people1 Jan 2025Population by commune, DF_X02111Official
Students as a share of residents17.5 %2021LU official material for foreign_population_total6Official
Population over time12 published observations, 2007–2025
Population in Luxembourg by year, residents79,61199,857120,104140,35020072009201120152025136,161residents

Population rose 62.5% between 2007 and 2025, from 83,800 to 136,161.

International community in Luxembourg

Named groups from exact city-grain official distributions. Citizenship, birthplace, language and ancestry answer different questions and stay separate.

Country of birth

Population by municipality, 2021 Census, total sex; source-native country/place-of-birth categories · 2021 Census

Published groupPeopleShare
Total128,097100.0%
Foreign93,03572.6%
Other EU-27 Member State62,88049.1%
Luxembourg34,95827.3%
Foreign (non EU-27)30,15523.5%
Not stated870.1%
Other170.0%

Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source12

Citizenship

Population by municipality, 2021 Census, total sex; source-native citizenship status categories · 2021 Census

Published groupPeopleShare
Total128,097100.0%
Foreign90,39970.6%
Foreign (EU-27)72,30056.4%
Luxembourg37,63329.4%
Foreign (non EU-27)18,09914.1%
Stateless360.0%
Not stated290.0%

Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source13

Language spoken at home

Valid single-answer responses to the question which language the respondent thinks in and knows best; municipal numeric denominator not published · 2021 Census

Published groupPeopleShare

Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source15

Is Luxembourg a good place to live?

There is no universal answer. The profile scores below show who the available published evidence may suit; they are a decision aid, not a personal recommendation.

Try your profile
Remote worker48%strong on work, weak on safety · range 38–58%
Skilled employee57%strong on work, weak on safety · range 48–66%
Student62%strong on education, weak on safety · range 52–72%
Family61%strong on family, weak on safety · range 50–72%
Retirement52%strong on legal route, weak on admin · range 40–64%
Foreign residents90,464 people2021Official source · LU official material for foreign_population_total
Population136,161 people1 Jan 2025Official source · Population by commune, DF_X021
Employment rate56.1 %2021Official source · LU official material for foreign_population_total
Median gross salary (regional)5,139 EUR/month31 Mar 2022Official source · STATEC Luxembourg in Figures 2023 — Luxembourg municipality median monthly salary
Unemployment rate6.64 %31 Dec 2025Official source · Emploi et chômage par canton et commune — DF_X026, C6 Unemployment rate (in %), 2025
NO₂ — annual mean33.5 µg/m³31 Dec 2012Official source · Eurostat
Every value keeps its source, geographic scope and verification date · Last checked 2026-09-01

Additional context

MetricValuePeriodSource
Owner-occupied homes47.3 %2021LU official material for foreign_population_total6Official

Yes — migrants can receive medical care in Luxembourg under the national coverage rules.

Healthcare access follows the country-wide insurance rules; local capacity facts remain city data and are not used as proof of eligibility.

Open the official coverage guide
Country rule verified 2026-08-03.

Common questions

Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.

How many people live in Luxembourg?

The published population was 136,161 people in 2025. Source: Population by commune, DF_X021.

Is the air quality good in Luxembourg?

The annual PM2.5 mean is 7 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³. Source: EEA Air Quality Annual Statistics — validated PM2.5 station data.

What is the unemployment rate in Luxembourg?

The unemployment rate is about 6.6 % (2025). Source: Emploi et chômage par canton et commune — DF_X026, C6 Unemployment rate (in %), 2025.

What is the typical salary around Luxembourg?

The median gross salary is 5,139 EUR/month. Source: STATEC Luxembourg in Figures 2023 — Luxembourg municipality median monthly salary.

How many foreign residents live in Luxembourg?

90,464 people residents hold a foreign nationality. Source: LU official material for foreign_population_total.

How much is public transport in Luxembourg?

A monthly transport pass is 0 EUR/month. This is a supplemental estimate, not an official municipal measurement. Source: Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v2.

Is Luxembourg a good place to live?

Luxembourg may suit different people for different reasons. The page's profile scores compare published cost, work, housing, safety, healthcare and other available factors; they are a decision aid, not a universal recommendation.

Which nearby places are linked to Luxembourg?

Dudelange, Esch-sur-Alzette, Differdange, Ettelbruck, Howald are linked in the current source-backed set. The relationship label distinguishes administrative, metropolitan, commuting and distance-only links.

How many people born in Total live in Luxembourg?

The official country of birth distribution records 128,097 people (100.0%) in the source-defined population for 2021 Census. This is a country of birth measure, not a general estimate of ethnicity or migration status.

Cite this page

Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.

APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, September 12). Luxembourg, Luxembourg: salary, jobs, taxes [ImmigrationDB compilation; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/cities/lu/luxembourg/ Retrieved 2026-09-12. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_luxembourg-luxembourg-salary-jobs-taxes_426fc370e4cf,
  author = {ImmigrationDB},
  title = {Luxembourg, Luxembourg: salary, jobs, taxes},
  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-09-12},
  version = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  snapshot = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/cities/lu/luxembourg/},
  note = {Retrieved 2026-09-12. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}
Markdown citation
[Luxembourg, Luxembourg: salary, jobs, taxes](https://immigrationdb.com/cities/lu/luxembourg/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; retrieved 2026-09-12; built 2026-09-12.

This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.

Sources

JSON Markdown
  1. EEA Air Quality Annual Statistics — validated PM2.5 station data EEA Air Quality Annual Statistics · air.discomap.eea.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-26
  2. Emploi et chômage par canton et commune — DF_X026, C6 Unemployment rate (in %), 2025 Emploi et chômage par canton et commune · lustat.statec.lu · checked 2026-07-27
  3. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-03
  4. gisco-services.ec.europa.eu place coordinates gisco-services.ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-28
  5. LU official material for city_area_km2 download.data.public.lu · checked 2026-07-18
  6. LU official material for foreign_population_total statistiques.public.lu · checked 2026-07-18
  7. LU official material for population_density_per_km2 lustat.statec.lu · checked 2026-07-18
  8. oecd.org place coordinates oecd.org · checked 2026-08-28
  9. OpenFlights raw.githubusercontent.com · checked 2026-08-03
  10. OurAirports davidmegginson.github.io · checked 2026-08-03
Show 9 more sources
  1. Population by commune, DF_X021 lustat.statec.lu · checked 2026-09-01
  2. STATEC Luxembourg / LUSTAT lustat.statec.lu · checked 2026-08-30
  3. STATEC Luxembourg / LUSTAT lustat.statec.lu · checked 2026-08-30
  4. STATEC Luxembourg in Figures 2023 — Luxembourg municipality median monthly salary STATEC Luxembourg in Figures 2023 · statistiques.public.lu · checked 2026-07-29
  5. STATEC Luxembourg RP2021 linguistic diversity main-language municipality maps statistiques.public.lu · checked 2026-09-01
  6. Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v2 Global Cost of Living · kaggle.com · checked 2026-07-27
  7. Lebenshaltungskosten in Luxemburg de.numbeo.com · checked 2026-07-26
  8. Numbeo numbeo.com · checked 2026-08-03
  9. WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 station CSV ncei.noaa.gov · checked 2026-07-26

Spotted a number that looks wrong? Every value here carries its source and date — tell us what you found and we will re-check it against the source.