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Living in Tours

In Tours, rent averages €13.51 per m² a month (2025) and unemployment is 15.2% (2022).

Population density was 4,016.7 people per km² in 2023. The unemployment rate was 15.2% at the end of 2022. Average high temperatures were 7.7°C in January and 25.9°C in July. The city covered 33.4 km² in 2024.

Last checked 2026-09-2428 sources

Population139,259people1 Jan 2023Official source · INSEE — Populations légales 2023, Tours (commune 37261)
Median gross salary (region)2,597EUR/month31 Dec 2022Official source · www.insee.fr
Average net rent13.51EUR/m²/monthcountry median €11.60 — 16% aboveOfficial source · "Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 2025
Unemployment rate15.18%country median 11.0% — 38% aboveOfficial source · INSEE RP2022 ACT1 — population active by type of activity, commune
Recorded crime7,176incidents per 100,000country median 4,740 — 51% aboveOfficial source · Base statistique communale de la délinquance enregistrée par la police et la gendarmerie nationales, 2025 (géographie 2026)
PM2.5, annual mean7.06µg/m³country median 8.5 — 17% belowOfficial source · 2024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation.

Pricier rent than 70% of French cities that publish it, higher unemployment than 79% of French cities that publish it and more recorded crime than 88% of French cities that publish it.

Which France-wide rules apply when you move to Tours?

National rules stay on the country page instead of being relabelled as city data.

Visa and entry rulesPassport-specific entry and national residence context.BenefitsCountry-wide eligibility and official application routes.Taxes in FranceNational rates and thresholds that apply in Tours.Healthcare eligibilityCountry-wide insurance and residence conditions.

Housing and cost

How much does it cost to rent in Tours?

Average net cold rent is about 13.51 EUR/m² per month (2025-Q3), excluding heating and operating charges.

Published average over existing tenancies; a specific flat can sit either side of it. Asking-rent series, where present, are separate rows in the table.

  • Average net rent (nettokalt): 13.51 EUR/m²/month · "Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 20251
What recurs every month6 published recurring costs, € per month
Tours recurring monthly costs, € per month

€ / month

Private kindergarten€398
Utilities, 85 m² flat€137
Transport pass€34
Fitness club€31
Internet, 60 Mbps€23
Mobile plan, 10 GB€20

Supplemental estimate lane; these items are not official statistics.

Net rent across major citiesTours highlighted among comparable cities
Net rent across major cities with Tours highlighted

net rent, € / m² / month

Paris€26.30
Nice€20.43
Lyon€16.57
Marseille€16.30
Toulouse€13.98
Tours€13.51
Show the other 6 cities
Bordeaux€15.99
Lille€15.76
Strasbourg€15.57
Montpellier€15.49
Rennes€14.87
Nantes€14.50
MetricValuePeriodSource
Fitness club membership, monthly30.85 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v228Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Internet, 60 Mbps unlimited23.38 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v228Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Private kindergarten, monthly398.1 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v228Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Meal at an inexpensive restaurant12.94 EUR31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v228Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Mobile plan, 10 GB19.99 EUR/month30 Sept 2026Orange 100GB mobile plan23Official · national market
Monthly transport pass33.84 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v228Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Basic utilities, 85 m² home137.5 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v228Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
G02 Vacancy Rate Pct10,244 %31 Dec 2023INSEE11Official
Dwellings91,615 dwellings31 Dec 2023INSEE12Official
G05 Main Residential Dwellings77,928 dwellings31 Dec 2023INSEE12Official
Housing Vacancy Rate Percent11.18 %31 Dec 2023Logement en 2023 - Commune - France hors Mayotte17Official
Average net rent (nettokalt)13.51 EUR/m²/monthcountry median €11.6030 Sept 2025"Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 20251Official

Is Tours a good place to live?

There is no universal answer. The profile scores below show who the available published evidence may suit; they are a decision aid, not a personal recommendation.

Try your profile
Remote worker52%strong on work, weak on safety · range 44–60%
Skilled employee62%strong on work, weak on safety · range 54–70%
Student45%strong on education, weak on safety · range 38–52%
Family50%strong on family, weak on cost · range 43–57%
Retirement49%strong on air quality, weak on admin · range 40–58%

Worked out from these numbers

What does a 60 m² flat cost?

About 810 EUR a month in cold rent at the published average of about 13.51 EUR/m² per month, before heating and operating charges.

Heating, water and operating charges come on top, and a specific flat can sit either side of an average.

Source period: 2025-Q3

Work and income

What is the unemployment rate in Tours?

The unemployment rate is about 15.2 % (2022).

  • Unemployment rate: 15.18 % · INSEE RP2022 ACT1 — population active by type of activity, commune14
Unemployment across cities in FranceUnemployment in Tours is 15.2%. Of 2,240 cities with data, 898 have unemployment of 5 to under 10%.

Unemployment rate (%)

MetricValuePeriodSource
Fibre-to-the-building availability97.51 %3 Aug 2026Arcep (Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques, des postes et de la distribution de la presse)4Official
Gigabit broadband availability98.52 %31 Mar 2026Independent ARCEP municipal count of premises eligible for the >=1 Gbit/s fixed advertised-speed class, divided by the ARCEP type=all municipal premises denominator. This is availability/eligibility, not adoption, measured speed, FTTH-only coverage or mobile coverage.10Official
Median gross salary (regional)2,597 EUR/month31 Dec 2022www.insee.fr27Official
Unemployment rate15.18 %country median 11.0%31 Dec 2022INSEE RP2022 ACT1 — population active by type of activity, commune14Official
Unemployment rate over time10 published observations, 2013–2022

Unemployment rate fell 2.8% between 2013 and 2022, from 15.6% to 15.2%.

What does a salary buy in Tours?

Take-home pay after tax, minus rent and the everyday bills this city publishes. Each line names its source.

regional median gross pay: €2,597 (insee.fr, 2022-12-31).
Left over each month€956of €1,981 take-home
  • Rent
  • Utilities
  • Transport
  • Internet
  • Mobile
  • Left over
Line-by-line breakdown and sources
Each month€
Take-home payOECD Taxing Wages 2025, single, no children. Includes central and local income tax and employee social contributions.€1,981
Rent, 60 m²€13.51/m² · official · "Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 2025 · 2025-09-30− €810
Public transport pass€34 · market price · Global Cost of Living · 2022-12-31− €34
Utilities, 85 m²€137 · market price · Global Cost of Living · 2022-12-31− €137
Internet€23 · market price · Global Cost of Living · 2022-12-31− €23
Mobile plan€20 · official · Orange 100GB mobile plan · 2026-09-30− €20
Left over€956
Take-home pay for other salaries and households

Public employment service

No exact public employment office is currently linked to Tours. The verified national service may still offer online registration, job search or an official office finder.

Country-level information
Open the France service overview

Country-level service information is not treated as proof of a physical office in Tours. Sources checked through 10 Aug 2026.

Family and education

MetricValuePeriodSource
Primary School Count68 count3 Aug 2026Ministère de l'Éducation nationale (data.education.gouv.fr)19Official
School Count136 count3 Aug 2026Ministère de l'Éducation nationale (data.education.gouv.fr)19Official

School for children who move here. School is compulsory from age 3 to 16. Newly arrived pupils get support in the school language: UPE2A (unités pédagogiques pour élèves allophones nouvellement arrivés) + UPE2A-NSA variant. How to enrol a child (education.gouv.fr).

A country-wide rule for France; Tours's school authority applies it locally.

Sources: eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu · 2025–2026.

Healthcare

MetricValuePeriodSource
GP practices52 count16 Sept 2026Annuaire Santé — RPPS authorized-practice extract3Official
Hospital beds per 100,000 residents1,143 beds per 100,00031 Dec 2011DREES / DGOS – Statistique Annuelle des Établissements de Santé (SAE) 20115Official
Hospitals9 count4 May 2026FINESS Extraction du fichier des établissements7Official
Pharmacies47 count4 May 2026FINESS Extraction du fichier des établissements7Official
Physicians per 100,000 residents875.3 per 100,00016 Sept 2026Annuaire Santé — RPPS authorized-practice extract3Official

Yes — migrants can receive medical care in Tours when the national insurance or residence conditions are met.

Healthcare access follows the country-wide insurance rules; local capacity facts remain city data and are not used as proof of eligibility.

Open the official coverage guide
Hospital beds per 100,000 residents1,143 beds per 100,000Verified 2026-08-03
Country rule verified 2026-08-03.

Safety

How safe is Tours?

Police recorded about 7,176 incidents per 100,000 (2025). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: Base statistique communale de la délinquance enregistrée par la police et la gendarmerie nationales, 2025 (géographie 2026)8

Recorded crime across major citiesTours highlighted among comparable cities
Recorded crime across major cities with Tours highlighted

recorded incidents per 100k residents

Lille13,488
Lyon13,026
Bordeaux12,429
Marseille11,857
Paris10,987
Montpellier9,636
Toulouse8,875
Rennes8,241
Strasbourg7,791
Nantes7,704
Nice7,577
Tours7,176
MetricValuePeriodSource
Burglaries per 100,000 residents517.7 incidents per 100,00031 Dec 2025FR-SSMSI-communal-20258Official
Recorded incidents per 100,000 residents7,176 incidents per 100,000country median 4,74031 Dec 2025Base statistique communale de la délinquance enregistrée par la police et la gendarmerie nationales, 2025 (géographie 2026)8Official
Violent crime per 100,000 residents1,419 incidents per 100,00031 Dec 2025FR-SSMSI-communal-20258Official

Mobility and administration

MetricValuePeriodSource
Destinations from nearest airport5 count3 Aug 2026OpenFlights22Official
Nearest airportTUF3 Aug 2026OurAirports24Official
Distance to nearest airport5 km3 Aug 2026OurAirports24Official

Language courses and integration

No exact city-level course record is currently published for Tours. These verified national programmes may still apply; use the official programme page to check local availability.

Country-level information

Contrat d’intégration républicaine (CIR) — Integration course

État français and OFII

For eligible non-EU foreign residents.

FrenchIn Person
Open official information

DIAN language-training offer finder — Other

Réseau des Carif-Oref and DIAN

For people seeking French-language training.

FrenchIn Person, Online
Open official information
Open the full France section
National programme information is not treated as proof of a course location in Tours.

Find courses near Tours

Climate and air quality

Monthly precipitation was 63 mm in January and 46.6 mm in July. Annual PM2.5 was 7.06 µg/m³ in 2024.

Is the air quality good in Tours?

The annual PM2.5 mean is about 7.1 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³.

Annual mean at the measuring site(s) serving the city; current-day readings differ.

  • PM2.5 — annual mean: 7.06 µg/m³ · 2024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation.2
Temperature through the yearAverage daytime high and night-time low, °C
Rainfall through the yearAverage monthly precipitation, mm
Sunshine through the yearAverage monthly sunshine, hours
Air quality vs health guidelinesAnnual means against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limits

City values from the published air-quality observations. WHO 2021 guidelines and EU limit values are published constants.

PM2.5 across cities in FranceAnnual PM2.5 in Tours is 7.1 µg/m³. Of 1,975 cities with data, 626 have annual PM2.5 of 8 to under 9 µg/m³.

Annual PM2.5 (µg/m³)

MetricValuePeriodSource
NO₂ — annual mean12.04 µg/m³country median 14.820242024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation.2Official
NO₂ — latest reading12.67 µg/m³15 Jul 2026Latest valid NO2 hourly station observation on the official LCSQA E2 current-day extract, mapped to the exact INSEE centre through an exact normalized station-name crosswalk to EEA station metadata.16Official
PM10 — annual mean12.16 µg/m³country median 14.220242024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation.2Official
PM2.5 — annual mean7.06 µg/m³country median 8.520242024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation.2Official
Average daytime high by monthJan 7.7 · Feb 9 · Mar 12.9 · Apr 16 · May 19.6 · Jun 23.4 · Jul 25.9 · Aug 26 · Sep 22.1 · Oct 17 · Nov 11.4 · Dec 8.1 °C31 Dec 2020Météo-France climate normal — mean monthly maximum air temperature, TOURS, 1991-202018Official
Average night-time low by monthJan 2.5 · Feb 2.3 · Mar 4.3 · Apr 6 · May 9.4 · Jun 12.6 · Jul 14.4 · Aug 14.3 · Sep 11.4 · Oct 9 · Nov 5.3 · Dec 2.9 °C31 Dec 2020Météo-France climate normal — mean monthly minimum air temperature, TOURS, 1991-202018Official
Average temperature by monthJan 5.1 · Feb 5.6 · Mar 8.6 · Apr 11 · May 14.5 · Jun 18 · Jul 20.2 · Aug 20.2 · Sep 16.8 · Oct 13 · Nov 8.3 · Dec 5.5 °C1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station TOURS26Official · nearest-station reading
Average precipitation by monthJan 63 · Feb 52.4 · Mar 48.7 · Apr 53 · May 57.7 · Jun 53.2 · Jul 46.6 · Aug 44 · Sep 51.8 · Oct 66 · Nov 69.3 · Dec 72.1 mm31 Dec 2020Météo-France climate normal — mean monthly precipitation, TOURS, 1991-202018Official
Average sunshine by monthJan 68.4 · Feb 95.22 · Mar 148.8 · Apr 187.3 · May 214.2 · Jun 228.5 · Jul 247.1 · Aug 237.7 · Sep 191.3 · Oct 122.9 · Nov 78.9 · Dec 64.6 hours31 Dec 2020Météo-France climate normal — mean monthly sunshine duration, TOURS, 1991-202018Official
Annual PM2.5 over time12 published observations, 2013–2024

Annual PM2.5 fell 58.5% between 2013 and 2024, from 17.0 to 7.1.

Population and city profile

How many people live in Tours?

The published population was 139,259 people in 2023. Source: INSEE — Populations légales 2023, Tours (commune 37261)13

Who lives hereResidents by nationality, % of population

Calculated from the population and foreign-resident facts on this page.

MetricValuePeriodSource
City area33.4 km²1 Jan 2024France city identity collection9Official
Foreign-resident share9.5 %31 Dec 2022Eurostat6Official
Foreign residents12,899 people2021Nationalité en 2021 — Base des tableaux détaillés — NAT121Official
Population density4,017 people/km²31 Dec 2023Séries historiques en 2023 — Recensement de la population, base des principaux indicateurs, communes de France hors Mayotte25Official
Population139,259 people1 Jan 2023INSEE — Populations légales 2023, Tours (commune 37261)13Official
Population over time11 published observations, 2013–2023

Population fell 42.0% between 2013 and 2023, from 240,199 to 139,259.

Foreign residents over time10 published observations, 2013–2022

Foreign residents rose 47.0% between 2013 and 2022, from 15,912 to 23,389.

International community in Tours

Named groups from exact city-grain official distributions. Citizenship, birthplace, language and ancestry answer different questions and stay separate.

Citizenship

Population resident in France excluding Mayotte; INSEE RP2023 NAT; total age and sex · 2023 Census

Published groupPeopleShare
Total139,259100.0%
Français124,692.39189.5%
Etranger14,566.60910.5%

Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source15

Additional context

MetricValuePeriodSource
Universities1 count3 Aug 2026Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (data.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr)20Official

Alternatives for people set on Tours

Three places for the three reasons people leave a city on the shortlist: stay in the region, stay in the country, or keep the budget and change the country. A percentage appears only where both cities publish that metric from the same source, period and grain. Distances are straight lines — travel times are not collected yet.

Clermont-Ferrand as a Tours alternative in the same country

Better on 4 of 7 metrics measured the same way, worse on 3.

  • Rent: €12.49/m² Clermont-Ferrand vs €13.51/m² Tours−8%
  • Recorded crime, per 100k: 8,245 Clermont-Ferrand vs 7,176 Tours+15%
  • Foreign residents: 12.0% Clermont-Ferrand vs 9.5% Tours+26%
  • Hospital beds, per 100k: 1,361.4 Clermont-Ferrand vs 1,143.2 Tours+19%
  • Empty flats: 9.6% Clermont-Ferrand vs 11.2% Tours−14%
  • Median gross pay, region: €2,749 Clermont-Ferrand vs €2,597 Tours+6%
  • Nearest airport: 6.0 km Clermont-Ferrand vs 5.0 km Tours+20%
Full comparisonMore about Clermont-Ferrand

Alternative cities in France

Other cities in France to compare with Tours, nearest in population first.

All France cities
11th arrondissement of Paris138,170 residents12th arrondissement of Paris138,024 residents14th arrondissement of Paris136,455 residentsAmiens136,449 residentsBrest142,346 residentsLe Mans146,249 residents

How does Tours compare?

Pick a city. The answer appears here and the address bar keeps it, so the comparison can be shared; the page stays Tours's.

Open the full comparison

Common questions

Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.

How many people live in Tours?

The published population was 139,259 people in 2023. Source: INSEE — Populations légales 2023, Tours (commune 37261).

How much does it cost to rent in Tours?

Average net cold rent is about 13.51 EUR/m² per month (2025-Q3), excluding heating and operating charges. For a 70 m² flat that is about 945 EUR a month before utilities. Source: "Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 2025.

Is the air quality good in Tours?

The annual PM2.5 mean is about 7.1 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³. Source: 2024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation..

How safe is Tours?

Police recorded about 7,176 incidents per 100,000 (2025). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: Base statistique communale de la délinquance enregistrée par la police et la gendarmerie nationales, 2025 (géographie 2026).

What is the unemployment rate in Tours?

The unemployment rate is about 15.2 % (2022). Source: INSEE RP2022 ACT1 — population active by type of activity, commune.

What is the typical salary around Tours?

The median gross salary is 2,597 EUR/month. Source: www.insee.fr.

Is Tours a good place to live?

Tours may suit different people for different reasons. The page's profile scores compare published cost, work, housing, safety, healthcare and other available factors; they are a decision aid, not a universal recommendation.

How many people are in the Total citizenship group in Tours?

The official citizenship distribution records 139,259 people (100.0%) in the source-defined population for 2023 Census. This is a citizenship measure, not a general estimate of ethnicity or migration status.

Cite this page

Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.

APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, September 24). Tours, France: population, rent, salary, cost of living [ImmigrationDB compilation; version 57156d8b924634b40f09006174d69449]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/cities/fr/tours/ Retrieved 2026-09-24. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_tours-france-population-rent-salary-cost-of-living_eac507f68bbe,
  author = {ImmigrationDB},
  title = {Tours, France: population, rent, salary, cost of living},
  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-09-24},
  version = {57156d8b924634b40f09006174d69449},
  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/cities/fr/tours/},
  note = {Retrieved 2026-09-24. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}
Markdown citation
[Tours, France: population, rent, salary, cost of living](https://immigrationdb.com/cities/fr/tours/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; version 57156d8b924634b40f09006174d69449; retrieved 2026-09-24; built 2026-09-24.

This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.

Sources

JSON Markdown
  1. "Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 2025 static.data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-09-18
  2. 2024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation. air.discomap.eea.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-15
  3. Annuaire Santé — RPPS authorized-practice extract Annuaire Santé · data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-09-16
  4. Arcep (Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques, des postes et de la distribution de la presse) data.arcep.fr · checked 2026-08-03
  5. DREES / DGOS – Statistique Annuelle des Établissements de Santé (SAE) 2011 data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-08-03
  6. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-02
  7. FINESS Extraction du fichier des établissements data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-09-15
  8. FR-SSMSI-communal-2025 static.data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-09-15
  9. France city identity collection migrationfit.com · checked 2026-06-30
  10. Independent ARCEP municipal count of premises eligible for the >=1 Gbit/s fixed advertised-speed class, divided by the ARCEP type=all municipal premises denominator. This is availability/eligibility, not adoption, measured speed, FTTH-only coverage or mobile coverage. data.arcep.fr · checked 2026-03-31
Show 18 more sources
  1. INSEE insee.fr · checked 2026-08-07
  2. INSEE insee.fr · checked 2026-08-07
  3. INSEE — Populations légales 2023, Tours (commune 37261) INSEE · insee.fr · checked 2026-08-13
  4. INSEE RP2022 ACT1 — population active by type of activity, commune INSEE RP2022 ACT1 · insee.fr · checked 2026-07-26
  5. Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (INSEE), France api.insee.fr · checked 2026-08-30
  6. Latest valid NO2 hourly station observation on the official LCSQA E2 current-day extract, mapped to the exact INSEE centre through an exact normalized station-name crosswalk to EEA station metadata. files.data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-07-15
  7. Logement en 2023 - Commune - France hors Mayotte insee.fr · checked 2026-09-17
  8. Météo-France climate normal — mean monthly maximum air temperature, TOURS, 1991-2020 Météo-France climate normal · meteofrance.com · checked 2026-07-27
  9. Ministère de l'Éducation nationale (data.education.gouv.fr) data.education.gouv.fr · checked 2026-08-03
  10. Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (data.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr) data.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr · checked 2026-08-03
  11. Nationalité en 2021 — Base des tableaux détaillés — NAT1 Nationalité en 2021 · insee.fr · checked 2026-07-15
  12. OpenFlights raw.githubusercontent.com · checked 2026-08-03
  13. Orange 100GB mobile plan boutique.orange.fr · checked 2026-09-15
  14. OurAirports davidmegginson.github.io · checked 2026-08-03
  15. Séries historiques en 2023 — Recensement de la population, base des principaux indicateurs, communes de France hors Mayotte Séries historiques en 2023 · insee.fr · checked 2026-09-24
  16. WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station TOURS WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 · ncei.noaa.gov · checked 2026-07-31
  17. www.insee.fr insee.fr · checked 2026-08-27
  18. Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v2 Global Cost of Living · kaggle.com · checked 2026-07-27

Spotted a number that looks wrong? Every value here carries its source and date — tell us what you found and we will re-check it against the source.