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Moving to France

In France, the median gross salary is €2,531 a month (2022) and a single worker on the average wage keeps 72.0% of gross pay after income tax and employee contributions (2025).

France had GDP per capita of US$48,986 in 2025 and life expectancy of 83.0 years in 2024. The national unemployment rate was 7.7% in 2025.

JSON Markdown

Last checked 2026-10-1060 sources

Population68,551,653people31 Dec 2024Official source · World Bank
Median gross salary2,531EUR/month31 Dec 2022Official source · Eurostat (Structure of Earnings Survey, earn_ses_monthly)
Unemployment rate7.7%31 Dec 2025Official source · Eurostat — Unemployment by sex and age — annual data (une_rt_a)
Minimum wage11.88EUR/hour31 Dec 2025Official source · OECD
Median net income1,886EUR/month31 Dec 2024Official source · Eurostat — Distribution of income by household composition (ilc_di04)
Foreign residents6,468,206people31 Dec 2025Official source · Eurostat

Can I move to France?

Across 199 passports, 94 passports enter visa-free and 105 passports need a visa for France. Check your passport below.

Visa-free
94
Visa required
105

199 accepted passport rules · rules effective as of 2026-07-15

Residence rules and exceptions
General starting points; personal circumstances and exceptions still apply.
Citizenship / situationStarting point
EU / EEA citizenshipFree movement; longer residence has conditions.[61]
Swiss citizenshipSeparate Swiss arrangements, including residence documentation for longer stays.[61]
Other citizenshipCheck work, study or family requirements.[62]
Existing status or family rightsA passport alone cannot establish your eligibility. Check the relevant authority’s guidance.

These are national starting points, not an eligibility decision. Long-stay residence, work authorisation and in-country application rules differ by route; a visa-free visit never settles them. Check the route that matches your purpose and circumstances with the responsible authority.

Visa and entry rules

Sources checked through 28 Aug 2026.

Work and income

What is the unemployment rate in France?

The national unemployment rate was 7.7 % in 2025. Source: Eurostat — Unemployment by sex and age — annual data (une_rt_a)19

This is the Eurostat labour-force survey series used as the canonical national answer. Other published definitions exist and are shown in the table below.

What is the median gross salary in France?

The median gross salary was 2,531 EUR/month in 2022.

Half of employees earn less than this. Mean gross and national-accounts averages use different definitions and are shown in the table below.

  • Median gross salary, monthly: 2,531 EUR/month · Eurostat (Structure of Earnings Survey, earn_ses_monthly)20
  • Average gross salary, monthly: 3,028 EUR/month · 2026-07-25 · Eurostat — National accounts aggregates (nama_10_a10) and employment (nama_10_a10_e)18

What is the minimum wage in France?

The statutory minimum wage is 11.88 EUR/hour, gross (as of 2025). Source: OECD35

National statutory floor, gross, before tax and social contributions.

MetricValuePeriodSource
Median gross salary, monthly2,531 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Eurostat (Structure of Earnings Survey, earn_ses_monthly)20Official · national figure
National unemployment rate7.7 %31 Dec 2025Eurostat — Unemployment by sex and age — annual data (une_rt_a)19Official · national figure
Minimum gross hourly wage11.88 EUR/hour31 Dec 2025OECD35Official · national figure
Unemployment across cities in FranceOf 2,240 cities with data, 898 have unemployment of 5 to under 10%.

Typical city (median): about 11.0%

Unemployment rate (%)

Net rent across cities in FranceOf 2,153 cities with data, 1,059 have net rent of 10 to under 15 €/m²/month.

Typical city (median): about €11.60

Net rent (€/m²/month)

Annual PM2.5 across cities in FranceOf 1,975 cities with data, 626 have annual PM2.5 of 8 to under 9 µg/m³.

Typical city (median): about 8.5 µg/m³

Annual PM2.5 (µg/m³)

Recorded crime across cities in FranceOf 2,222 cities with data, 1,136 report 2500 to under 5000 incidents per 100,000 residents.

Typical city (median): about 4,740 incidents per 100,000 residents

Recorded incidents per 100,000 residents

Public employment service in France

Official job-search, registration, counselling and training routes. Private recruitment agencies are not included.

A national service does not prove that an office exists in every city. City pages show an office only after an exact address is linked to that city. Sources checked through 10 Aug 2026.

Taxes in France

National rates and comparable published scenarios. Personal tax depends on income, household and residence circumstances.

What does an average earner take home in France?

A single person on an average wage keeps about 33,104 EUR/year of about 45,964 EUR/year gross per year — 72% of pay.

Standardized OECD Taxing Wages (standardized scenario): single person, no children, earning the average wage. The same scenario is published for every covered country, so take-home shares compare directly.

Gross-to-net decomposition, 2025
ComponentAmount / year
Net wage earnings, kept33,104
Income taxes−7,662
Employee social contributions−5,198
Gross wage earnings45,964
  • Gross-to-net pay for a sample household: single person no children — 45,964 gross → 33,104 net a year (2025, national currency) · Taxing Wages 2026 — labour taxation decomposition
Top income-tax rate55.37 %
Corporate tax rate36.13 %
Employee income tax, yearly12,962 EUR/year
Employee social contributions, yearly10,606 EUR/year
Pre-filled with the national median gross salary (2022).
Verified from the linked official or intergovernmental records. Open the primary source. Sources checked through 3 Aug 2026.

Benefits newcomers may qualify for in France

Public schemes where an official source defines an eligible migration or residence status. Amounts and conditions are kept in their native terms.

ProgrammePublished amountSource and application

Aides personnelles au logement (APL/ALF/ALS) — Housing support

Amount set per household by formula / Monthly

Caisse d'allocations familiales (CAF)

Eligibility and amount details

The amount is calculated by CAF or MSA from household resources, rent or residence charge, household composition and housing conditions; Service Public does not publish one universal national amount. The official page is verified 1 July 2026, retained as the current-state locator.

The current Service-Public APL page states: ‘Vous pouvez bénéficier de l’APL même si vous êtes étranger à condition d’avoir un titre de séjour en cours de validité.’ This is the bounded profile of a foreign national with a valid French residence permit for housing support. The tenant or facility-resident, decent-housing, resource, household and current student-specific rules also apply; the source page records the extra-EU student restriction effective from 2026-07-01.

Allocation d'aide au retour à l'emploi (ARE) — Unemployment support

13.18 EUR / Daily

France Travail

Eligibility and amount details

Fixed component of ARE: EUR 13.18 per compensated day.

France Travail states: ‘Pour les travailleurs étrangers : être titulaire d’un titre de séjour permettant de travailler en France et de s’inscrire à France Travail.’ Its foreign-worker guidance explains that the valid French residence title must be one of the legally listed titles and that registration can lead to indemnification when the entitlement conditions are met. This is the bounded profile of a foreign worker with a French residence title permitting work and France Travail registration; the ARE work, involuntary-loss, residence and affiliation conditions still apply.

Allocation pour demandeur d'asile (Ada) — Arrival and reception support

6.8–44.8 EUR / Daily

Office français de l'immigration et de l'intégration (OFII) / competent prefecture (guichet unique)

Eligibility and amount details

Service-Public's current Ada table verified 1 April 2026 gives EUR 6.80 to EUR 37.40 per day by family size for the base daily lump sum, plus an additional EUR 7.40 per day where accommodation was requested but not provided free of charge, producing EUR 14.20 to EUR 44.80 per day including the supplement.

The official Service-Public page says that an adult asylum seeker in France with an asylum seeker's certificate who accepted the material reception conditions offered by OFII may be entitled to the Ada, provided the published asylum-filing and means conditions are also met. bounded profile; it does not turn generic foreign residence or refugee status after a final decision into an Ada status.

Prestations familiales (allocations familiales / PAJE) — Family and child support

478.16 EUR / Monthly

Caisse d'allocations familiales (CAF)

Eligibility and amount details

The monthly basis for calculating family allowances (BMAF) is EUR 478.16 from 1 April 2026; this is not a universal payment amount, and individual benefits depend on the relevant scheme and conditions.

The current Service-Public page separates foreign applicants into four source-defined categories. For an EEA or Swiss national: ‘EEA or Swiss national with a right to stay, resident in France, with a child in their care residing in France’; for an Algerian national: ‘Algerian national in regular stay, resident in France, with a child in their care residing in France’; for a refugee or stateless person: ‘refugee or stateless person in regular stay, resident in France, with a child in their care residing in France’; and for another foreign-national situation: ‘another foreign-national situation in regular stay, resident in France, with a child in their care residing in France’. The source also requires the published child-entry-document condition unless the work-authorising document exception applies, plus the benefit-specific and income conditions.

Revenu de solidarité active (RSA) — Minimum-income support

Amount set per household by formula / Monthly

Caisse d'allocations familiales (CAF)

Eligibility and amount details

RSA is calculated from household resources and the household composition; the official 2026 revaluation is 0.8%. No representative household amount inferred.

The current Service-Public RSA page for applicants aged 25 and over states that a foreign national from another country may apply when stably and effectively resident in France and one of the listed stay conditions is met: ‘Avoir depuis au moins 5 ans un titre de séjour permettant de travailler en France’; ‘Avoir la carte de résident ou un titre de séjour équivalent’; ‘Avoir le statut de réfugié’; ‘Être reconnu apatride’; or ‘Être bénéficiaire de la protection subsidiaire’. These are the five bounded public profiles; the age, resources, household and stable-residence conditions also apply.

ImmigrationDB shows published rules; it does not decide personal eligibility. Confirm your status, contribution record and household circumstances with the responsible authority before applying. Sources checked through 12 Aug 2026.

Can migrants receive medical care in France?

Yes — migrants can receive medical care in France when the official insurance or residence conditions are met.

Verified 2026-08-03. Open the official coverage rules.

Language courses and integration in France

Government programmes, public integration services and exact provider records. The section expands only from fields present in the source; missing prices, refunds or contacts are not replaced with estimates.

5verified programmes
2cities with exact local records
2verified location records
2listed providers

Contrat d’intégration républicaine (CIR) — Integration course

État français and OFII

For eligible non-EU foreign residents.

FrenchIn Person

DIAN language-training offer finder — Other

Réseau des Carif-Oref and DIAN

For people seeking French-language training.

FrenchIn Person, Online

Qualité FLE labelled-centre network — Other

France Éducation international

For French-language learners.

FrenchIn Person, Online

MilleMots Toulouse French FLE and literacy courses — Municipal language course

MilleMots Toulouse

For adult newly arrived residents.

FrenchIn Person

Paris municipal adult French courses — Municipal language course

Ville de Paris / Service des Cours d'Adultes de Paris

For adults over 18, non-French-speaking adults, adults with limited schooling.

FrenchIn PersonVaries; FOF/FOA courses are free
Country programmes describe the national or named local framework. Availability in a city is shown only when a source names that place exactly. Sources checked through 2026-08-10.

All France language courses and where they take place

France cities by population

The largest published cities appear first. Population is taken from the reusable official city layer; hub labels come from the existing city taxonomy.

Rank France's cities by what a salary leaves each month

Open city finder
CityPopulationNet rent, €/m²/monthMedian gross salary, €/month
ParisCapital hub2,103,778Population26.30Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Marseille892,391Population16.30Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Lyon525,314Population16.57Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Toulouse514,819Population13.98Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Nice357,737Population20.43Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Nantes327,734Population14.50Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Montpellier310,240Population15.49Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Strasbourg293,771Population15.57Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Bordeaux267,991Population15.99Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Lille238,246Population15.76Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines237,581Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Rennes230,890Population14.87Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
15th arrondissement of Paris229,713Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Cergy-Pontoise222,099Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Paris 20 Ménilmontant185,140Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Paris 18 Buttes-Montmartre183,127Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
13th arrondissement of Paris181,271Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Toulon179,116Population14.43Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
19th arrondissement of Paris178,691Population—Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
Reims177,674Population11.80Net rent, €/m²/mo—Median gross salary, €/mo
All published cities in France (2,346)

60 of 2,346 shownSearch all cities

Reports with this country

Accepted report pages with a row for this country.

All reports

What different occupation groups earn in France

Mean gross monthly earnings by ISCO-08 major group, from the Eurostat Structure of Earnings Survey 2022 (employees in enterprises with 10–49 employees).

Occupation groupEarningsPeriod
Managers≈ 5,231 EUR/month (gross)2022
Professionals≈ 4,058 EUR/month (gross)2022
Technicians and associate professionals≈ 2,902 EUR/month (gross)2022
Clerical support workers≈ 2,350 EUR/month (gross)2022
Service and sales workers≈ 2,188 EUR/month (gross)2022

Source: Eurostat (Structure of Earnings Survey 2022 (earn_ses22_25)) · observed 2022 · checked 2026-07-30.

Method and sources for these figures

Mean gross monthly earnings in EUR from the Eurostat Structure of Earnings Survey 2022 (earn_ses22_25); employees in enterprises with 10–49 employees; ISCO-08 major groups.

Eurostat — Structure of Earnings Survey 2022 (earn_ses22_25)

An occupation major group (ISCO or national equivalent) is not a job title: each figure is the average across all occupations in the group, so it is never a salary "for" one profession. Rows from different surveys, periods or statistics are shown as separate rows and are never merged or ranked against each other.

Profession pages for France: Nurse · Physician · Teacher · Engineer · Architect · Software developer · Accountant · Childcare worker.

France facts

Current source-backed observations, grouped the way the city pages are, with geographic scope and observation periods.

Population and profile

How many people live in France?

The published population was 68,551,653 people in 2024. Source: World Bank51

National, resident population scope. Foreign-resident and migration-background figures are separate metrics in the table below.

How many foreign residents live in France?

The foreign-resident population was 6,468,206 people in 2025. Source: Eurostat11

Residents without France citizenship. The migration-background population is a broader measure and appears in the table below.

MetricValuePeriodSource
Foreign residents6,468,206 people31 Dec 2025Eurostat11Official · national figure
Population68,551,653 people31 Dec 2024World Bank51Official · national figure

Legal, tax and other context

MetricValuePeriodSource
Rent deposit can be paid in instalments09 Jun 2026Dépôt de garantie dans un bail d'habitation5Official · national figure
Typical rent deposit2 months9 Jun 2026Dépôt de garantie dans un bail d'habitation5Official · national figure
Public healthcare access for foreign residentsConditional3 Aug 2026ameli.fr — Assurance Maladie (CNAM)1Official · national figure
Area606,410 km²31 Dec 2023World Bank52Official · national figure
Cost level against the capital106.5 index (EU27=100)31 Dec 2024Eurostat — Comparative price levels and HICP (prc_ppp_ind, prc_hicp_midx)15Official · national
Gross-to-net pay for a sample householdsingle person no children — 45,964 gross → 33,104 net a year (2025, national currency)31 Dec 2025Taxing Wages 2026 — labour taxation decomposition46Official · country household scenario
Population by year67,026,224 people (2018)1 Jan 2018Population on 1 January by age and sex (DEMO_PJAN)44Official · country annual series
Doctors per 1,000 residents3.28 per 1,00031 Dec 2022World Bank indicator SH.MED.PHYS.ZS55Official · national figure
Household electricity price0.301 EUR/kWh31 Dec 2024Eurostat — Household energy prices (nrg_pc_204 electricity, nrg_pc_202 gas)17Official · national
People employed in agriculture, forestry and fishing690,500 people2025ec.europa.eu7Official · national figure
People employed in mining and quarrying15,200 people2025ec.europa.eu7Official · national figure
People employed in manufacturing2,799,100 people2025ec.europa.eu7Official · national figure
People employed in electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning134,000 people2025ec.europa.eu7Official · national figure
People employed in water supply, sewerage and waste management158,400 people2025ec.europa.eu7Official · national figure
People employed in construction2,005,100 people2025ec.europa.eu7Official · national figure
People employed in wholesale and retail trade; motor vehicle and motorcycle repair3,713,500 people2025ec.europa.eu7Official · national figure
People employed in transportation and storage1,549,000 people2025ec.europa.eu7Official · national figure
People employed in accommodation and food services1,479,700 people2025ec.europa.eu7Official · national figure
People employed in information and communication1,144,200 people2025ec.europa.eu7Official · national figure
People employed in finance and insurance839,100 people2025ec.europa.eu7Official · national figure
People employed in real estate403,400 people2025ec.europa.eu7Official · national figure
People employed in professional, scientific and technical services2,344,600 people2025ec.europa.eu7Official · national figure
People employed in administrative and support services2,533,000 people2025ec.europa.eu7Official · national figure
People employed in public administration, defence and compulsory social security2,531,100 people2025ec.europa.eu7Official · national figure

School for children who move here. School is compulsory from age 3 to 16. Newly arrived pupils get support in the school language: UPE2A (unités pédagogiques pour élèves allophones nouvellement arrivés) + UPE2A-NSA variant. How to enrol a child (education.gouv.fr).

Sources: eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu · 2025–2026.

Settling-in index

How the conditions a newcomer meets in France compare with the other 35 scored destinations: integration policy, getting by in English, an established foreign community and language courses. Every point comes from the component table below.

Full ranking and method
Score46 / 100
Rank29 of 36

Below it on integration policy, getting by in English and the size of the foreign community.

ComponentReadingScore (0–100)WeightAddsSource
Integration policy (MIPEX)52 of 100523522.8MIPEX 2020
Getting by in English (EF EPI)539 EF EPI points452514.1EF EPI 2025
An established foreign community9.4% of residents38209.5Eurostat 2025; population 2024

Working as… in France

Open a profession for its available regulation, recognition and work-route evidence.

Regions of France

Each region's page lists its published cities with population, rent, salary, unemployment and air quality.

Common questions

Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.

What is the unemployment rate in France?

The national unemployment rate was 7.7 % in 2025. Source: Eurostat — Unemployment by sex and age — annual data (une_rt_a).

How many people live in France?

The published population was 68,551,653 people in 2024. Source: World Bank.

What is the median gross salary in France?

The median gross salary was 2,531 EUR/month in 2022. Source: Eurostat (Structure of Earnings Survey, earn_ses_monthly).

What is the minimum wage in France?

The statutory minimum wage is 11.88 EUR/hour, gross (as of 2025). Source: OECD.

Cite this page

Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.

APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, October 16). Moving to France: population, rent, salary, cost of living [ImmigrationDB compilation; version 99abc75710bb975d038a04e8559de070]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/countries/france/ Retrieved 2026-10-16. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_moving-to-france-population-rent-salary-cost-of-living_2e6385926c18,
  author = {ImmigrationDB},
  title = {Moving to France: population, rent, salary, cost of living},
  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-10-16},
  version = {99abc75710bb975d038a04e8559de070},
  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/countries/france/},
  note = {Retrieved 2026-10-16. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}
Markdown citation
[Moving to France: population, rent, salary, cost of living](https://immigrationdb.com/countries/france/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; version 99abc75710bb975d038a04e8559de070; retrieved 2026-10-16; built 2026-10-16.

This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.

Sources

Every number above comes from one of these records. Open the original source for its geographic scope and publication date.

  1. ameli.fr — Assurance Maladie (CNAM) ameli.fr · ameli.fr · checked 2026-08-03
  2. Article R421-16 A — Code de l’entrée et du séjour des étrangers et du droit d’asile Article R421-16 A · legifrance.gouv.fr · checked 2026-10-07
  3. Article R421-21 A — Code de l’entrée et du séjour des étrangers et du droit d’asile Article R421-21 A · legifrance.gouv.fr · checked 2026-10-07
  4. BOFiP — TVA, taux normal BOFiP · bofip.impots.gouv.fr · checked 2026-09-20
  5. Dépôt de garantie dans un bail d'habitation service-public.gouv.fr · checked 2026-10-08
  6. Durée du travail d’un salarié du secteur privé à temps plein âgé d’au moins 18 ans service-public.gouv.fr · checked 2026-09-25
  7. ec.europa.eu ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-12
  8. EF EPI ef.com · checked 2026-08-03
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Show 52 more sources
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  6. Eurostat — Distribution of income by household composition (ilc_di04) Eurostat · ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-26
  7. Eurostat — Household energy prices (nrg_pc_204 electricity, nrg_pc_202 gas) Eurostat · ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-14
  8. Eurostat — National accounts aggregates (nama_10_a10) and employment (nama_10_a10_e) Eurostat · ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-26
  9. Eurostat — Unemployment by sex and age — annual data (une_rt_a) Eurostat · ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-26
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  34. Population on 1 January by age and sex (DEMO_PJAN) ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-29
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  36. Taxing Wages 2026 — labour taxation decomposition Taxing Wages 2026 · sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-07-29
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  45. World Bank indicator SH.MED.PHYS.ZS api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-07-14
  46. World Bank indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-07-14
  47. World Bank Open Data api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-08-07
  48. World Bank Open Data api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-08-07
  49. World Bank SP.POP.TOTL api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-09-05
  50. OECD — Taxing Wages (DF_TAXINGWAGES) tax wedge and net income OECD · oecd.org · checked 2026-07-14
  51. Service-Public.fr — EU residence rights in France

    Official France starting point for EU/EEA/Swiss residence; national guidance only, not a personal eligibility decision.

  52. France-Visas — long-stay visa

    Official France national residence and immigration guidance; not a personal eligibility decision.