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Living in Vaux-le-Pénil

In Vaux-le-Pénil, advertised rents for new lettings average €16.69 per m² a month (2025) and unemployment is 8.6% (2022).

Vaux-le-Pénil is in France; its population was 11,474 at the start of 2023. At the end of 2022, the unemployment rate was 8.6%. The city had 10 schools in 2026. There were 17.4 physicians per 100,000 residents in 2024.

Last checked 2026-09-2435 sources

Population11,474people1 Jan 2023Official source · INSEE populations légales 2023 par commune
Median gross salary (region)3,317EUR/month31 Dec 2022Official source · www.insee.fr
Average net rent16.69EUR/m²/monthcountry median €11.60 — 44% aboveOfficial source · "Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 2025
Unemployment rate8.6%country median 11.0% — 22% belowOfficial source · INSEE RP2022 ACT1 — population active by type of activity, commune
Recorded crime3,995incidents per 100,000country median 4,740 — 16% belowOfficial source · Base statistique communale de la délinquance enregistrée par la police et la gendarmerie nationales, 2025 (géographie 2026)
PM2.5, annual mean7.68µg/m³country median 8.5 — 9% belowOfficial source · 2024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation.

Pricier rent than 84% of French cities that publish it, lower unemployment than 74% of French cities that publish it and less recorded crime than 68% of French cities that publish it.

Which France-wide rules apply when you move to Vaux-le-Pénil?

National rules stay on the country page instead of being relabelled as city data.

Visa and entry rulesPassport-specific entry and national residence context.BenefitsCountry-wide eligibility and official application routes.Taxes in FranceNational rates and thresholds that apply in Vaux-le-Pénil.Healthcare eligibilityCountry-wide insurance and residence conditions.

Housing and cost

How much does it cost to rent in Vaux-le-Pénil?

Average net cold rent is about 16.69 EUR/m² per month (2025-Q3), excluding heating and operating charges.

Published average over existing tenancies; a specific flat can sit either side of it. Asking-rent series, where present, are separate rows in the table.

  • Average net rent (nettokalt): 16.69 EUR/m²/month · "Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 20251
What recurs every month3 published recurring costs, € per month
Vaux-le-Pénil recurring monthly costs, € per month

€ / month

Transport pass€91
Internet, 60 Mbps€43
Mobile plan, 10 GB€20
Net rent across major citiesVaux-le-Pénil highlighted among comparable cities
Net rent across major cities with Vaux-le-Pénil highlighted

net rent, € / m² / month

Paris€26.30
Nice€20.43
Vaux-le-Pénil€16.69
Lyon€16.57
Nantes€14.50
Toulouse€13.98
Show the other 6 cities
Marseille€16.30
Bordeaux€15.99
Lille€15.76
Strasbourg€15.57
Montpellier€15.49
Rennes€14.87
MetricValuePeriodSource
Internet, 60 Mbps unlimited42.99 EUR/month30 Sept 2026Orange Livebox Fibre21Official · national market
Mobile plan, 10 GB19.99 EUR/month30 Sept 2026Orange 100GB mobile plan20Official · national market
Monthly transport pass90.8 EUR/month30 Sept 2026Forfait Navigo Mois - Ile-de-France Mobilites5Official
Housing vacancy rate (legacy series)217.1 %31 Dec 2023INSEE8Official
Dwellings5,016 dwellings31 Dec 2023INSEE9Official
Main residence dwellings4,731 dwellings31 Dec 2023INSEE9Official
Average net rent (nettokalt)16.69 EUR/m²/monthcountry median €11.6030 Sept 2025"Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 20251Official

Is Vaux-le-Pénil a good place to live?

There is no universal answer. The profile scores below show who the available published evidence may suit; they are a decision aid, not a personal recommendation.

Try your profile
Remote worker56%strong on work, weak on safety · range 48–64%
Skilled employee60%strong on work, weak on safety · range 52–68%
Student40%strong on education, weak on work · range 33–47%
Family52%strong on family, weak on cost · range 45–59%
Retirement50%strong on air quality, weak on admin · range 41–59%

Worked out from these numbers

What does a 60 m² flat cost?

About 1,001 EUR a month in cold rent at the published average of about 16.69 EUR/m² per month, before heating and operating charges.

Heating, water and operating charges come on top, and a specific flat can sit either side of an average.

Source period: 2025-Q3

Work and income

What is the unemployment rate in Vaux-le-Pénil?

The unemployment rate is about 8.6 % (2022). Source: INSEE RP2022 ACT1 — population active by type of activity, commune13

Unemployment across cities in FranceUnemployment in Vaux-le-Pénil is 8.6%. Of 2,240 cities with data, 898 have unemployment of 5 to under 10%.

Unemployment rate (%)

MetricValuePeriodSource
Fibre-to-the-building availability98.98 %3 Aug 2026Arcep (Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques, des postes et de la distribution de la presse)3Official
Gigabit broadband availability98.98 %31 Mar 2026Independent ARCEP municipal count of premises eligible for the >=1 Gbit/s fixed advertised-speed class, divided by the ARCEP type=all municipal premises denominator. This is availability/eligibility, not adoption, measured speed, FTTH-only coverage or mobile coverage.7Official
Median gross salary (regional)3,317 EUR/month31 Dec 2022www.insee.fr26Official
Unemployment rate8.6 %country median 11.0%31 Dec 2022INSEE RP2022 ACT1 — population active by type of activity, commune13Official

What does a salary buy in Vaux-le-Pénil?

Take-home pay after tax, minus rent and the everyday bills this city publishes. Each line names its source.

regional median gross pay: €3,317 (insee.fr, 2022-12-31).
Left over each month€1,311of €2,466 take-home
  • Rent
  • Transport
  • Internet
  • Mobile
  • Left over
Line-by-line breakdown and sources
Each month€
Take-home payOECD Taxing Wages 2025, single, no children. Includes central and local income tax and employee social contributions.€2,466
Rent, 60 m²€16.69/m² · official · "Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 2025 · 2025-09-30− €1,001
Public transport pass€91 · official · Forfait Navigo Mois - Ile-de-France Mobilites · 2026-09-30− €91
Utilities, 85 m²not published for this city—
Internet€43 · official · Orange Livebox Fibre · 2026-09-30− €43
Mobile plan€20 · official · Orange 100GB mobile plan · 2026-09-30− €20
Left overbefore the bill this city does not publish€1,311
Take-home pay for other salaries and households Compare with another city Check a job offer in Vaux-le-Pénil Salary needed to live in Vaux-le-Pénil

Public employment service

No exact public employment office is currently linked to Vaux-le-Pénil. The verified national service may still offer online registration, job search or an official office finder.

Country-level information
Open the France service overview

Country-level service information is not treated as proof of a physical office in Vaux-le-Pénil. Sources checked through 10 Aug 2026.

Family and education

MetricValuePeriodSource
Schools10 schools27 May 2026RNEE exact Code_commune; etat=OUVERT; code_nature 100-199 or 300-399; unique UAI count.23Official · commune
Primary schools7 count3 Aug 2026Ministère de l'Éducation nationale (data.education.gouv.fr)16Official
Schools10 count3 Aug 2026Ministère de l'Éducation nationale (data.education.gouv.fr)16Official

School for children who move here. School is compulsory from age 3 to 16. Newly arrived pupils get support in the school language: UPE2A (unités pédagogiques pour élèves allophones nouvellement arrivés) + UPE2A-NSA variant. How to enrol a child (education.gouv.fr).

A country-wide rule for France; Vaux-le-Pénil's school authority applies it locally.

Sources: eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu · 2025–2026.

Healthcare

MetricValuePeriodSource
Primary care doctors per 100,000 residents17.43 per 100,000 people31 Dec 2024INSEE BPE 2024 commune equipment and PMUN denominator evidence11Official

Yes — migrants can receive medical care in Vaux-le-Pénil when the national insurance or residence conditions are met.

Healthcare access follows the country-wide insurance rules; local capacity facts remain city data and are not used as proof of eligibility.

Open the official coverage guide
Country rule verified 2026-08-03.

Safety

How safe is Vaux-le-Pénil?

Police recorded about 3,995 incidents per 100,000 (2025). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: Base statistique communale de la délinquance enregistrée par la police et la gendarmerie nationales, 2025 (géographie 2026)4

Recorded crime across major citiesVaux-le-Pénil highlighted among comparable cities
Recorded crime across major cities with Vaux-le-Pénil highlighted

recorded incidents per 100k residents

Lille13,488
Lyon13,026
Bordeaux12,429
Marseille11,857
Paris10,987
Montpellier9,636
Toulouse8,875
Rennes8,241
Strasbourg7,791
Nantes7,704
Nice7,577
Vaux-le-Pénil3,995
MetricValuePeriodSource
Recorded incidents per 100,000 residents3,995 incidents per 100,000country median 4,74031 Dec 2025Base statistique communale de la délinquance enregistrée par la police et la gendarmerie nationales, 2025 (géographie 2026)4Official

Mobility and administration

MetricValuePeriodSource
Destinations from nearest airport119 count3 Aug 2026OpenFlights19Official
Nearest airportORY3 Aug 2026OurAirports22Official
Distance to nearest airport33 km3 Aug 2026OurAirports22Official

Language courses and integration

No exact city-level course record is currently published for Vaux-le-Pénil. These verified national programmes may still apply; use the official programme page to check local availability.

Country-level information

Contrat d’intégration républicaine (CIR) — Integration course

État français and OFII

For eligible non-EU foreign residents.

FrenchIn Person
Open official information

DIAN language-training offer finder — Other

Réseau des Carif-Oref and DIAN

For people seeking French-language training.

FrenchIn Person, Online
Open official information
Open the full France section
National programme information is not treated as proof of a course location in Vaux-le-Pénil.

Find courses near Vaux-le-Pénil

Climate and air quality

Annual PM2.5 was 7.68 µg/m³ in 2024. Annual NO₂ was 14.9 µg/m³ in 2024. Annual PM10 was 18.5 µg/m³ in 2024.

Is the air quality good in Vaux-le-Pénil?

The annual PM2.5 mean is about 7.7 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³.

Annual mean at the measuring site(s) serving the city; current-day readings differ.

  • PM2.5 — annual mean: 7.68 µg/m³ · 2024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation.2
Temperature through the yearAverage daytime high and night-time low, °C
Rainfall through the yearAverage monthly precipitation, mm
Sunshine through the yearAverage monthly sunshine, hours
Air quality vs health guidelinesAnnual means against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limits

City values from the published air-quality observations. WHO 2021 guidelines and EU limit values are published constants.

PM2.5 across cities in FranceAnnual PM2.5 in Vaux-le-Pénil is 7.7 µg/m³. Of 1,975 cities with data, 626 have annual PM2.5 of 8 to under 9 µg/m³.

Annual PM2.5 (µg/m³)

MetricValuePeriodSource
NO₂ — annual mean14.9 µg/m³country median 14.8 — about the same20242024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation.2Official
NO₂ — latest reading11.68 µg/m³15 Jul 2026Latest valid NO2 hourly station observation on the official LCSQA E2 current-day extract, mapped to the exact INSEE centre through an exact normalized station-name crosswalk to EEA station metadata.15Official
PM10 — annual mean18.49 µg/m³country median 14.220242024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation.2Official
PM2.5 — annual mean7.68 µg/m³country median 8.520242024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation.2Official
Average daytime high by monthJan 6.9 · Feb 8.3 · Mar 12.5 · Apr 16.2 · May 19.7 · Jun 23 · Jul 25.6 · Aug 25.5 · Sep 21.4 · Oct 16.3 · Nov 10.6 · Dec 7.3 °C1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station MELUN25Official · nearest-station reading
Average night-time low by monthJan 1.6 · Feb 1.4 · Mar 3.4 · Apr 5.4 · May 9 · Jun 12.1 · Jul 13.9 · Aug 13.7 · Sep 10.7 · Oct 8.1 · Nov 4.5 · Dec 2.2 °C1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station MELUN25Official · nearest-station reading
Average temperature by monthJan 4.2 · Feb 4.9 · Mar 7.9 · Apr 10.8 · May 14.3 · Jun 17.5 · Jul 19.8 · Aug 19.6 · Sep 16 · Oct 12.2 · Nov 7.6 · Dec 4.7 °C1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station MELUN25Official · nearest-station reading
Average precipitation by monthJan 50.9 · Feb 46 · Mar 46.6 · Apr 48.8 · May 61.9 · Jun 58.1 · Jul 59.4 · Aug 54.2 · Sep 54 · Oct 58.5 · Nov 56.3 · Dec 63.2 mm1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station MELUN25Official · nearest-station reading
Average sunshine by monthJan 59 · Feb 82 · Mar 142 · Apr 188 · May 216 · Jun 226 · Jul 234 · Aug 225 · Sep 180 · Oct 118 · Nov 68 · Dec 54 hours1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station MELUN25Official · nearest-station reading
Annual PM2.5 over time12 published observations, 2013–2024

Annual PM2.5 fell 61.6% between 2013 and 2024, from 20.0 to 7.7.

Similar climate. In France: Orléans ±0.2 °C. Elsewhere: Werl (Germany) ±1.1 °C, Saanich (Canada) ±1.3 °C, Erkrath (Germany) ±0.7 °C, Haan (Germany) ±0.7 °C, Kaarst (Germany) ±0.7 °C. Twenty closest, compared month by month

Monthly highs and lows against the 1991–2020 station normals of the nearest station; ± is the average monthly difference.

Population and city profile

The city covered 11.6 km² in 2026. Population density was 985.7 people per km² in 2023.

How many people live in Vaux-le-Pénil?

The published population was 11,474 people in January 2023. Source: INSEE populations légales 2023 par commune12

Who lives hereResidents by nationality, % of population

Calculated from the population and foreign-resident facts on this page.

MetricValuePeriodSource
City area11.64 km²31 Dec 2026Séries historiques en 2023 — Recensement de la population, base des principaux indicateurs, communes de France hors Mayotte24Official
Foreign residents777 people2021Nationalité en 2021 — Base des tableaux détaillés — NAT118Official
Population density985.7 people/km²31 Dec 2023Séries historiques en 2023 — Recensement de la population, base des principaux indicateurs, communes de France hors Mayotte24Official
Population11,474 people1 Jan 2023INSEE populations légales 2023 par commune12Official

International community in Vaux-le-Pénil

Named groups from exact city-grain official distributions. Citizenship, birthplace, language and ancestry answer different questions and stay separate.

Citizenship

Population resident in France excluding Mayotte; INSEE RP2023 NAT; total age and sex · 2023 Census

Published groupPeopleShare
Total11,474100.0%
Français10,477.20491.3%
Etranger996.7968.7%

Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source14

Additional context

MetricValuePeriodSource
Universities0 count3 Aug 2026Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (data.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr)17Official

Alternatives for people set on Vaux-le-Pénil

Three places for the three reasons people leave a city on the shortlist: stay in the region, stay in the country, or keep the budget and change the country. A percentage appears only where both cities publish that metric from the same source, period and grain. Distances are straight lines — travel times are not collected yet.

Paris as a Vaux-le-Pénil alternative in the same region

44 km away, better on 1 of 2 metrics measured the same way, worse on 0. Rent and recorded crime, per 100k cannot be compared like for like.

  • Rent: €26.30/m² Paris vs €16.69/m² Vaux-le-Pénilno percentage
  • Nearest airport: 14.0 km Paris vs 33.0 km Vaux-le-Pénil−58%
  • Recorded crime, per 100k: 10,987 Paris vs 3,995 Vaux-le-Pénilno percentage
  • Median gross pay, region: €3,317 Paris vs €3,317 Vaux-le-Pénilsame level
Full comparisonMore about Paris

Cities near Vaux-le-Pénil

Published cities within 25 km, nearest first. Distances are straight-line.

Melun Commuting Zone · 2.3 km away
Rent
16.17 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2025-09-30
Dammarie-les-Lys 3.7 km away
Rent
16.54 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2025-09-30
Le Mée-sur-Seine 3.9 km away
Rent
16.76 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2025-09-30
Bois-le-Roi 6.0 km away
Rent
15.87 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2025-12-31
Vert-Saint-Denis 6.3 km away
Rent
15.53 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2025-12-31
Cesson 7.4 km away
Rent
17.13 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2025-09-30

Alternative cities in France

Other cities in France to compare with Vaux-le-Pénil, nearest in population first.

All France cities
Pontchâteau11,474 residentsLa Hague11,484 residentsSaverne11,460 residentsFourmies11,449 residentsPloufragan11,507 residentsYvetot11,438 residents

How does Vaux-le-Pénil compare?

Pick a city. The answer appears here and the address bar keeps it, so the comparison can be shared; the page stays Vaux-le-Pénil's.

Open the full comparison

Is Vaux-le-Pénil part of Creil?

Vaux-le-Pénil is in the published commuting zone of Creil; this does not mean it is administratively part of the hub. Creil city profile

Relationship type: Commuting Zone Of. Source6

Put Vaux-le-Pénil's key facts on your site — a card with this page's figures and a link back, free under CC BY 4.0.

Common questions

Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.

How many people live in Vaux-le-Pénil?

The published population was 11,474 people in January 2023. Source: INSEE populations légales 2023 par commune.

How much does it cost to rent in Vaux-le-Pénil?

Average net cold rent is about 16.69 EUR/m² per month (2025-Q3), excluding heating and operating charges. For a 70 m² flat that is about 1,168 EUR a month before utilities. Source: "Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 2025.

Is the air quality good in Vaux-le-Pénil?

The annual PM2.5 mean is about 7.7 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³. Source: 2024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation..

How safe is Vaux-le-Pénil?

Police recorded about 3,995 incidents per 100,000 (2025). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: Base statistique communale de la délinquance enregistrée par la police et la gendarmerie nationales, 2025 (géographie 2026).

What is the unemployment rate in Vaux-le-Pénil?

The unemployment rate is about 8.6 % (2022). Source: INSEE RP2022 ACT1 — population active by type of activity, commune.

What is the typical salary around Vaux-le-Pénil?

The median gross salary is 3,317 EUR/month. Source: www.insee.fr.

Is Vaux-le-Pénil a good place to live?

Vaux-le-Pénil may suit different people for different reasons. The page's profile scores compare published cost, work, housing, safety, healthcare and other available factors; they are a decision aid, not a universal recommendation.

Is Vaux-le-Pénil part of Creil?

Vaux-le-Pénil is in the published commuting zone of Creil; this does not mean it is administratively part of the hub.

Which cities are near Vaux-le-Pénil?

Melun, Dammarie-les-Lys, Le Mée-sur-Seine, Bois-le-Roi, Vert-Saint-Denis are near Vaux-le-Pénil. Typed relationship labels are shown where published; other rows use straight-line distance from admitted coordinates.

How many people are in the Français citizenship group in Vaux-le-Pénil?

The official citizenship distribution records 10,477.204 people (91.3%) in the source-defined population for 2023 Census. This is a citizenship measure, not a general estimate of ethnicity or migration status.

Cite this page

Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.

APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, October 16). Vaux-le-Pénil, France: population, rent, salary, jobs [ImmigrationDB compilation; version 4a3109bc7a13f3c71b456129fd7a7599]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/cities/fr/vaux-le-penil/ Retrieved 2026-10-16. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_vaux-le-penil-france-population-rent-salary-jobs_37b6b078e59f,
  author = {ImmigrationDB},
  title = {Vaux-le-Pénil, France: population, rent, salary, jobs},
  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-10-16},
  version = {4a3109bc7a13f3c71b456129fd7a7599},
  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/cities/fr/vaux-le-penil/},
  note = {Retrieved 2026-10-16. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}
Markdown citation
[Vaux-le-Pénil, France: population, rent, salary, jobs](https://immigrationdb.com/cities/fr/vaux-le-penil/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; version 4a3109bc7a13f3c71b456129fd7a7599; retrieved 2026-10-16; built 2026-10-16.

This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.

Sources

JSON Markdown
  1. "Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 2025 static.data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-09-18
  2. 2024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation. air.discomap.eea.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-15
  3. Arcep (Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques, des postes et de la distribution de la presse) data.arcep.fr · checked 2026-08-03
  4. Base statistique communale de la délinquance enregistrée par la police et la gendarmerie nationales, 2025 (géographie 2026) static.data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-09-23
  5. Forfait Navigo Mois - Ile-de-France Mobilites iledefrance-mobilites.fr · checked 2026-09-19
  6. GISCO Urban Audit 2021 — Functional Urban Areas (URAU_RG_100K_2021_4326_FUA) GISCO Urban Audit 2021 · gisco-services.ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-09-19
  7. Independent ARCEP municipal count of premises eligible for the >=1 Gbit/s fixed advertised-speed class, divided by the ARCEP type=all municipal premises denominator. This is availability/eligibility, not adoption, measured speed, FTTH-only coverage or mobile coverage. data.arcep.fr · checked 2026-03-31
  8. INSEE insee.fr · checked 2026-08-07
  9. INSEE insee.fr · checked 2026-08-07
  10. INSEE — Recensement de la population, populations légales millésime 2023 (data.gouv.fr mirror) INSEE · object.files.data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-07-03
Show 25 more sources
  1. INSEE BPE 2024 commune equipment and PMUN denominator evidence insee.fr · checked 2026-07-16
  2. INSEE populations légales 2023 par commune insee.fr · checked 2026-07-26
  3. INSEE RP2022 ACT1 — population active by type of activity, commune INSEE RP2022 ACT1 · insee.fr · checked 2026-07-26
  4. Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (INSEE), France api.insee.fr · checked 2026-08-30
  5. Latest valid NO2 hourly station observation on the official LCSQA E2 current-day extract, mapped to the exact INSEE centre through an exact normalized station-name crosswalk to EEA station metadata. files.data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-07-15
  6. Ministère de l'Éducation nationale (data.education.gouv.fr) data.education.gouv.fr · checked 2026-08-03
  7. Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (data.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr) data.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr · checked 2026-08-03
  8. Nationalité en 2021 — Base des tableaux détaillés — NAT1 Nationalité en 2021 · insee.fr · checked 2026-07-15
  9. OpenFlights raw.githubusercontent.com · checked 2026-08-03
  10. Orange 100GB mobile plan boutique.orange.fr · checked 2026-09-15
  11. Orange Livebox Fibre boutique.orange.fr · checked 2026-09-15
  12. OurAirports davidmegginson.github.io · checked 2026-08-03
  13. RNEE exact Code_commune; etat=OUVERT; code_nature 100-199 or 300-399; unique UAI count. data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-07-16
  14. Séries historiques en 2023 — Recensement de la population, base des principaux indicateurs, communes de France hors Mayotte Séries historiques en 2023 · insee.fr · checked 2026-09-24
  15. WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station MELUN WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 · ncei.noaa.gov · checked 2026-07-31
  16. www.insee.fr insee.fr · checked 2026-08-27
  17. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  18. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  19. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  20. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  21. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  22. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  23. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  24. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  25. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06

Spotted a number that looks wrong? Every value here carries its source and date — tell us what you found and we will re-check it against the source.