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Living in Paris

Paris had 2,103,778 residents in 2023 across 105.4 km². Population density was 19,959.9 people per km², and the foreign population count was 315,554, or 15% of residents, in the same 2023 period. Annual 2024 PM2.5 was 9 µg/m³.

Pricier rent than any other French city that publishes it and dirtier air than 67% of French cities that publish it.

Which France-wide rules apply when you move to Paris?

National rules stay on the country page instead of being relabelled as city data.

Visa and entry rulesPassport-specific entry and national residence context.BenefitsCountry-wide eligibility and official application routes.Taxes in FranceNational rates and thresholds that apply in Paris.Healthcare eligibilityCountry-wide insurance and residence conditions.

Housing and cost

In 2023, the city had 1,402,024 dwellings, a 9.9% vacancy rate and 33.2% owner occupation. Average net cold rent was €26.30 per m² per month in 2025.

How much does it cost to rent in Paris?

Average net cold rent is 26.3 EUR/m² per month (January 2025), excluding heating and operating charges.

Published average over existing tenancies; a specific flat can sit either side of it. Asking-rent series, where present, are separate rows in the table.

  • Average net rent (nettokalt): 26.3 EUR/m²/month · OLAP Rapport Paris 202518
What recurs every month6 published recurring costs, € per month
Paris recurring monthly costs, € per month

€ / month

Private kindergarten€1494
Utilities, 85 m² flat€229
Transport pass€91
Fitness club€39
Internet, 60 Mbps€29
Mobile plan, 10 GB€15

Supplemental estimate lane; these items are not official statistics.

Net rent across major citiesParis highlighted among comparable cities
Net rent across major cities with Paris highlighted

net rent, € / m² / month

Paris€26.30
Angers€13.26
Amiens€12.10
Metz€12.08
Besançon€9.40
Limoges€9.06
Show the other 6 cities
Dijon€12.04
Rouen€11.98
Reims€11.80
Le Havre€11.06
Perpignan€10.88
Le Mans€10.47
MetricValuePeriodSource
Fitness club membership, monthly38.69 EUR/month31 Jul 2026Lebenshaltungskosten in Paris24Commercial estimate · Supplemental context
Col Groceries Index Basket Eur Month99.92 EUR/month3 Aug 2026Numbeo23Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Internet, 60 Mbps unlimited28.67 EUR/month31 Jul 2026Lebenshaltungskosten in Paris24Commercial estimate · Supplemental context
Private kindergarten, monthly1,494 EUR/month31 Jul 2026Lebenshaltungskosten in Paris24Commercial estimate · Supplemental context
Meal at an inexpensive restaurant15 EUR31 Jul 2026Lebenshaltungskosten in Paris24Commercial estimate · Supplemental context
Mobile plan, 10 GB15.01 EUR/month31 Jul 2026Lebenshaltungskosten in Paris24Commercial estimate · Supplemental context
Monthly transport pass90.8 EUR/month26 Jul 2026www.iledefrance-mobilites.fr21Official
Basic utilities, 85 m² home228.8 EUR/month31 Jul 2026Lebenshaltungskosten in Paris24Commercial estimate · Supplemental context
G02 Vacancy Rate Pct9.9 %1 Jan 2023FR official material for population_total7Official
Dwellings1,402,024 dwellings1 Jan 2023FR official material for population_total7Official
G05 Main Residential Dwellings1,124,522 dwellings31 Dec 2023INSEE10Official
Average net rent (nettokalt)26.3 EUR/m²/monthcountry median €10.701 Jan 2025OLAP Rapport Paris 202518Official

Cost of living

Fixed monthly costs for one person in an 85 m² flat were about €2,599 in the latest published figures. From a median gross salary of €3,317, that leaves €719 before income tax and social contributions.

Where a Paris salary goesfixed monthly costs, share of the €2,599 basket · median gross salary €3,317/month
€719left of €3,317
  • Net rent, 85 m² · 86%€2,236
  • Utilities, 85 m² · 9%€229
  • Transport pass · 3%€91
  • Internet and mobile · 2%€44

One person, 85 m² flat; the ring splits the €2,599 fixed basket before income tax and social contributions, latest published figures (checked 2026-08-27).

Worked out from these numbers

What does a 60 m² flat cost?

About 1,578 EUR a month in cold rent at the published average of 26.3 EUR/m² per month, before heating and operating charges.

Heating, water and operating charges come on top, and a specific flat can sit either side of an average.

Source period: January 2025

Work and income

The city employment rate was 70.5% in 2023, while unemployment was 10.5% in the same observation year.

What is the unemployment rate in Paris?

The unemployment rate is 10.5 % (January 2023). Source: FR official material for population_total7

Unemployment across cities in FranceUnemployment in Paris is 10.5%. Of 2,240 cities with data, 898 have unemployment of 5 to under 10%.
unemployment rate, % · measured cities in France per band18 cities: 0% to under 5%180–5898 cities: 5% to under 10%8985–10832 cities: 10% to under 15%83210–15Paris 10.5%377 cities: 15% to under 20%37715–2097 cities: 20% to under 25%9720–2515 cities: 25% to under 30%1525–303 cities: 30% to under 35%330–35

Unemployment rate (%)

MetricValuePeriodSource
Fibre-to-the-building availability94.52 %3 Aug 2026Arcep (Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques, des postes et de la distribution de la presse)1Official
Gigabit broadband availability98.9 %3 Aug 2026Arcep (Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques, des postes et de la distribution de la presse)1Official
Employment rate70.5 %1 Jan 2023FR official material for population_total7Official
Median gross salary (regional)3,317 EUR/month31 Dec 2022www.insee.fr22Official
Salary Net Avg Eur Month3,038 EUR/month30 Sept 2026Numbeo city cost-of-living page — /cities/fr/paris/24Community estimate · Supplemental context
Unemployment rate10.5 %country median 11.0%1 Jan 2023FR official material for population_total7Official
Unemployment rate over time11 published observations, 2013–2023
Unemployment rate in Paris by year, %10.3%11.3%12.2%13.2%20132015201720192021202310.5%%

Unemployment rate fell 16.0% between 2013 and 2023, from 12.5% to 10.5%.

Public employment service

No exact public employment office is currently linked to Paris. The verified national service may still offer online registration, job search or an official office finder.

Country-level information
Open the France service overview

Country-level service information is not treated as proof of a physical office in Paris. Sources checked through 10 Aug 2026.

Family and education

MetricValuePeriodSource
G07 High School Or Higher Share Pct77.9 %1 Jan 2023FR official material for population_total7Official
Schools840 schools31 Dec 2024INSEE BPE 2024 commune equipment and PMUN denominator evidence11Official
Primary School Count830 count3 Aug 2026Ministère de l'Éducation nationale (data.education.gouv.fr)14Official
School Count1,461 count3 Aug 2026Ministère de l'Éducation nationale (data.education.gouv.fr)14Official

Healthcare

MetricValuePeriodSource
Physicians per 100,000 residents127.1 per 100,000 people31 Dec 2024INSEE BPE 2024 commune equipment and PMUN denominator evidence11Official
Hospital Beds Per 100k1,750 beds per 100,00031 Dec 2011DREES / DGOS – Statistique Annuelle des Établissements de Santé (SAE) 20112Official

Yes — migrants can receive medical care in Paris when the national insurance or residence conditions are met.

Healthcare access follows the country-wide insurance rules; local capacity facts remain city data and are not used as proof of eligibility.

Open the official coverage guide
Hospital Beds Per 100k1,750 beds per 100,000Verified 2026-08-03
Country rule verified 2026-08-03.

Safety

How safe is Paris?

Police recorded 10,987 incidents per 100,000 (2025). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source.

  • Recorded incidents per 100,000 residents: 10,987 offences per 100,000 · SSMSI — Base statistique départementale de la délinquance enregistrée par la Police et la Gendarmerie nationales, département 75 (Paris), millésime 2026-07-09, année 202520
MetricValuePeriodSource
Recorded incidents per 100,000 residents10,987 offences per 100,00031 Dec 2025SSMSI — Base statistique départementale de la délinquance enregistrée par la Police et la Gendarmerie nationales, département 75 (Paris), millésime 2026-07-09, année 202520Official

Mobility and administration

In 2023, public transport accounted for 61.1% of commutes, walking 11.2% and cycling 10.4%. A monthly transport pass was €90.80 in July 2026.

MetricValuePeriodSource
G09 Bicycle Commute Share Pct10.4 %1 Jan 2023FR official material for population_total7Official
G09 Transit Commute Share Pct61.1 %1 Jan 2023FR official material for population_total7Official
G09 Walk Commute Share Pct11.2 %1 Jan 2023FR official material for population_total7Official
Nearest airportLBG3 Aug 2026OurAirports19Official
Distance to nearest airport14 km3 Aug 2026OurAirports19Official
Public transport monthly pass90 EUR/month3 Aug 2026Numbeo23Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context

Language courses and integration in Paris

1 exact course-location record is linked to this city. Check the linked source for dates, availability and enrolment.

Verified locally
1verified local records
Check courses in ParisHow the country programme works
Exact city-linked record checked 2026-08-10. Provider-supplied records are supplemental and are not presented as official accreditation.

Climate and air quality

Monthly mean temperature moved from 5.4°C in January to 20.9°C in July. Average July highs were 25.7°C; annual 2024 NO₂ was 20 µg/m³.

Is the air quality good in Paris?

The annual PM2.5 mean is 9 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³. Source: FR official material for air_quality_no2_annual_ug_m34

Annual mean at the measuring site(s) serving the city; current-day readings differ.

Temperature through the yearAverage daytime high and night-time low, °C
Paris average monthly daytime high and night-time low temperature, °C0°10°20°30°JFMAMJJASOND26°3°Daytime highNight-time low
Rainfall through the yearAverage monthly precipitation, mm
Paris average monthly precipitation, mm020406080484245466951595845555462JFMAMJJASONDmm
Sunshine through the yearAverage monthly sunshine, hours
Paris average monthly sunshine, hours06012018024059831341772012032222151741186956JFMAMJJASONDhours
Air quality vs health guidelinesAnnual means against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limits
Paris annual air pollutant levels against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limitsCity valueWHO guidelineEU limit5259.0PM2.5154016.0PM10104020.0NO₂µg/m³

City values from the published air-quality observations. WHO 2021 guidelines and EU limit values are published constants.

PM2.5 across cities in FranceAnnual PM2.5 in Paris is 9.0 µg/m³. Of 1,975 cities with data, 626 have annual PM2.5 of 8 to under 9 µg/m³.
annual PM2.5, µg/m³ · measured cities in France per band2 cities: 3 µg/m³ to under 4 µg/m³23–412 cities: 4 µg/m³ to under 5 µg/m³124–541 cities: 5 µg/m³ to under 6 µg/m³415–6159 cities: 6 µg/m³ to under 7 µg/m³1596–7482 cities: 7 µg/m³ to under 8 µg/m³4827–8626 cities: 8 µg/m³ to under 9 µg/m³6268–9447 cities: 9 µg/m³ to under 10 µg/m³4479–10Paris 9.0166 cities: 10 µg/m³ to under 11 µg/m³16610–1127 cities: 11 µg/m³ to under 12 µg/m³2711–129 cities: 12 µg/m³ to under 13 µg/m³912–134 cities: 13 µg/m³ to under 14 µg/m³413–14

Annual PM2.5 (µg/m³)

MetricValuePeriodSource
NO₂ — annual mean20 µg/m³country median 14.831 Dec 2024FR official material for air_quality_no2_annual_ug_m34Official
PM10 — annual mean16 µg/m³31 Dec 2024EEA air quality statistics — FR PM10 annual mean 2024 (station PARIS 1er Les Halles)3Official · nearest-station reading
PM2.5 — annual mean9 µg/m³country median 8.531 Dec 2024FR official material for air_quality_no2_annual_ug_m34Official
Annual mean temperature (modelled)10.93 °C2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology16Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
Annual precipitation (modelled)661.1 mm/year2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology16Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
January mean temperature (modelled)3 °C2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology16Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
January minimum temperature (modelled)-12.33 °C2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology16Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
July maximum temperature (modelled)39.61 °C2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology16Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
July mean temperature (modelled)19.34 °C2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology16Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
Daily precipitation rate (modelled)1.81 mm/day2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology16Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
Solar exposure (modelled)3.31 kWh/m²/day2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology16Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
Average daytime high by monthJan 7.6 · Feb 8.8 · Mar 12.8 · Apr 16.6 · May 20.2 · Jun 23.4 · Jul 25.7 · Aug 25.6 · Sep 21.5 · Oct 16.5 · Nov 11.1 · Dec 8 °C1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 station CSV25Independent
Average night-time low by monthJan 3.2 · Feb 3.3 · Mar 5.6 · Apr 7.9 · May 11.1 · Jun 14.2 · Jul 16.2 · Aug 16 · Sep 13 · Oct 9.9 · Nov 6.2 · Dec 3.8 °C1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 station CSV25Independent
Average temperature by monthJan 5.4 · Feb 6 · Mar 9.2 · Apr 12.2 · May 15.6 · Jun 18.8 · Jul 20.9 · Aug 20.8 · Sep 17.2 · Oct 13.2 · Nov 8.7 · Dec 5.9 °C1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 station CSV25Independent
Average precipitation by monthJan 47.6 · Feb 41.8 · Mar 45.2 · Apr 45.8 · May 69 · Jun 51.3 · Jul 59.4 · Aug 58 · Sep 44.7 · Oct 55.2 · Nov 54.3 · Dec 62 mm1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 station CSV25Independent
Average sunshine by monthJan 59 · Feb 83 · Mar 134 · Apr 177 · May 201 · Jun 203 · Jul 222 · Aug 215 · Sep 174 · Oct 118 · Nov 69 · Dec 56 hours1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 station CSV25Independent
Annual PM2.5 over time12 published observations, 2013–2024
Annual PM2.5 in Paris by year, µg/m³8.013.018.023.0201320152017202120249.0µg/m³

Annual PM2.5 fell 59.1% between 2013 and 2024, from 22.0 to 9.0.

Alternatives with a better balance

same official-source families, comparable grain — left of gross salary after the same fixed costs
Paris€719this cityMulhouse€1,481+€763Caen€1,329+€610

Nearby is not always better: the greyed row leaves less than Paris at the same fixed-cost basket. Every alternative publishes the same metric families, each with its own source and date.

Which nearby places are linked to Paris?

Official and functional links appear before nearby-only places.

Souppes-sur-Loing Satellite · 80.2 km17
Rent
Not collectedNo exact local rent fact
Recorded crime
Not collectedNo exact total-rate fact
Paris 06 Luxembourg Nearby Independent Place · 1.2 km9
Rent
Not collectedNo exact local rent fact
Recorded crime
Not collectedNo exact total-rate fact
Paris 05 Panthéon Nearby Independent Place · 1.3 km9
Rent
Not collectedNo exact local rent fact
Recorded crime
Not collectedNo exact total-rate fact
Paris 03 Temple Nearby Independent Place · 1.6 km9
Rent
Not collectedNo exact local rent fact
Recorded crime
Not collectedNo exact total-rate fact
Paris 07 Palais-Bourbon Nearby Independent Place · 1.6 km9
Rent
Not collectedNo exact local rent fact
Recorded crime
Not collectedNo exact total-rate fact
Paris 09 Opéra Nearby Independent Place · 1.7 km9
Rent
Not collectedNo exact local rent fact
Recorded crime
Not collectedNo exact total-rate fact
Paris 10 Entrepôt Nearby Independent Place · 1.9 km9
Rent
Not collectedNo exact local rent fact
Recorded crime
Not collectedNo exact total-rate fact
Salpêtrière Nearby Independent Place · 2.4 km9
Rent
Not collectedNo exact local rent fact
Recorded crime
Not collectedNo exact total-rate fact

Cities of a similar size in France

Closest published populations, for a like-for-like comparison.

All France cities
Marseille892,391 residentsLyon525,314 residentsToulouse514,819 residentsNice357,737 residentsNantes327,734 residentsMontpellier310,240 residents

Population and city profile

How many people live in Paris?

The published population was 2,103,778 people in January 2023. Source: FR official material for population_total7

Who lives hereResidents by nationality, % of population
Paris residents by nationalityBy nationalityNational passport85%Foreign residents15%

Calculated from the population and foreign-resident facts on this page.

MetricValuePeriodSource
City area105.4 km²9 Dec 2025FR official material for city_area_km25Official
Foreign-resident share15 %1 Jan 2023FR official material for foreign_population_total6Official
Foreign residents315,554 people1 Jan 2023FR official material for foreign_population_total6Official
Population density19,960 people/km²1 Jan 2023FR official material for population_total7Official
Population2,103,778 people1 Jan 2023FR official material for population_total7Official
Population over time18 published observations, 1968–2023
Population in Paris by year, residents1,443,7834,633,7577,823,73111,013,705196819992014202020232,103,778residents

Population fell 18.8% between 1968 and 2023, from 2,590,771 to 2,103,778.

Foreign residents over time11 published observations, 2013–2023
Foreign residents in Paris by year, residents201,223753,8231,306,4221,859,022201320152017201920212023315,554residents

Foreign residents fell 77.9% between 2013 and 2023, from 1,427,705 to 315,554.

International community in Paris

Named groups from exact city-grain official distributions. Citizenship, birthplace, language and ancestry answer different questions and stay separate.

Country of birth

Immigrant population only (IMMI=1); INSEE RP2023; total age and sex · 2023 Census

Published groupPeopleShare
Algeria44,692.36110.0%
Morocco36,978.248.3%
Tunisia27,153.7346.1%
Portugal20,498.7254.6%
Chine20,368.4844.6%

Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source13

Citizenship

Population resident in France excluding Mayotte; INSEE RP2023 NAT; total age and sex · 2023 Census

Published groupPeopleShare
Total2,103,778100.0%
Français1,788,223.75185.0%
Etranger315,554.24915.0%

Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source12

Is Paris a good place to live?

There is no universal answer. The profile scores below show who the available published evidence may suit; they are a decision aid, not a personal recommendation.

Try your profile
Remote worker48%strong on work, weak on safety · range 40–56%
Skilled employee60%strong on work, weak on safety · range 52–68%
Student41%strong on education, weak on housing · range 34–48%
Family53%strong on family, weak on housing · range 46–60%
Retirement25%strong on legal route, weak on admin · range 16–34%
Foreign residents315,554 people1 Jan 2023Official source · FR official material for foreign_population_total
Population2,103,778 people1 Jan 2023Official source · FR official material for population_total
Average net rent (nettokalt)26.3 EUR/m²/month1 Jan 2025Official source · OLAP Rapport Paris 2025
Dwellings1,402,024 dwellings1 Jan 2023Official source · FR official material for population_total
Fibre-to-the-building availability94.52 %3 Aug 2026Official source · Arcep (Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques, des postes et de la distribution de la presse)
Gigabit broadband availability98.9 %3 Aug 2026Official source · Arcep (Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques, des postes et de la distribution de la presse)
Every value keeps its source, geographic scope and verification date · Last checked 2026-09-05

Additional context

MetricValuePeriodSource
Owner-occupied homes33.2 %1 Jan 2023FR official material for population_total7Official
G07 Bachelors Or Higher Share Pct55.7 %1 Jan 2023FR official material for population_total7Official
G09 Households With Vehicle Available Pct31.2 %1 Jan 2023FR official material for population_total7Official
Private Clinic Presenttrue4 May 2026FR official material for private_clinic_present8Official
Universities6 count3 Aug 2026Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (data.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr)15Official

Common questions

Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.

Is Paris expensive?

Fixed monthly costs for one person in an 85 m² flat — net rent, utilities, a transport pass, internet and mobile — came to about €2,599 against a median gross salary of €3,317 (figures), leaving about €719 before income tax. Sources: the rent, recurring-cost and salary series published on this page, each with its own source and date.

How many people live in Paris?

The published population was 2,103,778 people in January 2023. Source: FR official material for population_total.

How much does it cost to rent in Paris?

Average net cold rent is 26.3 EUR/m² per month (January 2025), excluding heating and operating charges. For a 70 m² flat that is about 1,841 EUR a month before utilities. Source: OLAP Rapport Paris 2025.

Is the air quality good in Paris?

The annual PM2.5 mean is 9 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³. Source: FR official material for air_quality_no2_annual_ug_m3.

How safe is Paris?

Police recorded 10,987 incidents per 100,000 (2025). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: SSMSI — Base statistique départementale de la délinquance enregistrée par la Police et la Gendarmerie nationales, département 75 (Paris), millésime 2026-07-09, année 2025.

What is the unemployment rate in Paris?

The unemployment rate is 10.5 % (January 2023). Source: FR official material for population_total.

What is the typical salary around Paris?

The median gross salary is 3,317 EUR/month. Source: www.insee.fr.

Is Paris a good place to live?

Paris may suit different people for different reasons. The page's profile scores compare published cost, work, housing, safety, healthcare and other available factors; they are a decision aid, not a universal recommendation.

Which nearby places are linked to Paris?

Souppes-sur-Loing, Paris 06 Luxembourg, Paris 05 Panthéon, Paris 03 Temple, Paris 07 Palais-Bourbon are linked in the current source-backed set. The relationship label distinguishes administrative, metropolitan, commuting and distance-only links.

How many people born in Algeria live in Paris?

The official country of birth distribution records 44,692.361 people (10.0%) in the source-defined population for 2023 Census. This is a country of birth measure, not a general estimate of ethnicity or migration status.

Cite this page

Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.

APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, September 12). Paris, France: cost of living, rent and salaries [ImmigrationDB compilation; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/cities/fr/paris/ Retrieved 2026-09-12. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_paris-france-cost-of-living-rent-and-salaries_944fd86524e0,
  author = {ImmigrationDB},
  title = {Paris, France: cost of living, rent and salaries},
  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-09-12},
  version = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  snapshot = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/cities/fr/paris/},
  note = {Retrieved 2026-09-12. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}
Markdown citation
[Paris, France: cost of living, rent and salaries](https://immigrationdb.com/cities/fr/paris/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; retrieved 2026-09-12; built 2026-09-12.

This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.

Sources

JSON Markdown
  1. Arcep (Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques, des postes et de la distribution de la presse) data.arcep.fr · checked 2026-08-03
  2. DREES / DGOS – Statistique Annuelle des Établissements de Santé (SAE) 2011 data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-08-03
  3. EEA air quality statistics — FR PM10 annual mean 2024 (station PARIS 1er Les Halles) EEA air quality statistics · air.discomap.eea.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-31
  4. FR official material for air_quality_no2_annual_ug_m3 opendata.paris.fr · checked 2026-07-18
  5. FR official material for city_area_km2 cdn.paris.fr · checked 2026-07-18
  6. FR official material for foreign_population_total insee.fr · checked 2026-07-18
  7. FR official material for population_total insee.fr · checked 2026-07-18
  8. FR official material for private_clinic_present static.data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-07-18
  9. gisco-services.ec.europa.eu place coordinates gisco-services.ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-28
  10. INSEE insee.fr · checked 2026-08-07
Show 15 more sources
  1. INSEE BPE 2024 commune equipment and PMUN denominator evidence insee.fr · checked 2026-07-16
  2. Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (INSEE), France api.insee.fr · checked 2026-08-30
  3. Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (INSEE), France country_of_birth distribution api.insee.fr · checked 2026-08-28
  4. Ministère de l'Éducation nationale (data.education.gouv.fr) data.education.gouv.fr · checked 2026-08-03
  5. Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (data.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr) data.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr · checked 2026-08-03
  6. NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology NASA POWER · power.larc.nasa.gov · checked 2026-09-12
  7. oecd.org place coordinates oecd.org · checked 2026-08-28
  8. OLAP Rapport Paris 2025 observatoire-des-loyers.fr · checked 2026-07-26
  9. OurAirports davidmegginson.github.io · checked 2026-08-03
  10. SSMSI — Base statistique départementale de la délinquance enregistrée par la Police et la Gendarmerie nationales, département 75 (Paris), millésime 2026-07-09, année 2025 SSMSI · data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-09-03
  11. www.iledefrance-mobilites.fr iledefrance-mobilites.fr · checked 2026-07-26
  12. www.insee.fr insee.fr · checked 2026-08-27
  13. Numbeo numbeo.com · checked 2026-08-03
  14. Numbeo city cost-of-living page — /cities/fr/paris/ Numbeo city cost-of-living page · de.numbeo.com · checked 2026-09-05
  15. WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 station CSV ncei.noaa.gov · checked 2026-07-26

Spotted a number that looks wrong? Every value here carries its source and date — tell us what you found and we will re-check it against the source.