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Major cities with the highest modelled solar exposure

NASA POWER annual mean daily surface shortwave energy in kWh/m²/day. This is a consistent solar-exposure metric and is not relabelled as sunny days.

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Los Angeles, United States is first in the current published ranking at 5.65 kWh/m²/day; compare its source date and geographic grain before using the result.

Items compared
30
Countries represented
11
Last checked
2026-07-16

Source-backed answers

Compare each answer with its unit and checked date; the complete source ledger is below.

Showing all 30 rows

Original rankCity or placeSource and scope
1Los Angeles, United States5.65 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
2Lisbon, Portugal4.8 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
3Sintra, Portugal4.8 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
4Madrid, Spain4.7 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
5Valencia, Spain4.66 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
6Nîmes, France4.41 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
7Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal4.39 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
8Barcelona, Spain4.38 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
9Genova, Italy3.94 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
10New York, United States3.92 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
11Varna, Bulgaria3.92 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
12Plovdiv, Bulgaria3.89 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
13横浜市, Japan3.89 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
14大阪市, Japan3.86 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
15Chicago, United States3.84 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
16Sofia, Bulgaria3.84 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
17Bucharest, Romania3.83 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
18Milano, Italy3.78 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
19Saint-Étienne, France3.74 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
20名古屋市, Japan3.73 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
21Torino, Italy3.72 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
22Toronto, Canada3.65 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
23Montreal, Canada3.54 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
24Iași, Romania3.53 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
25Cluj-Napoca, Romania3.51 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
26Calgary, Canada3.51 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
27Paris, France3.31 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
28Wien, Austria3.29 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
29Munich, Germany3.25 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020
30Graz, Austria3.24 kWh/m²/day2026-07-16
Source Scope: city_coordinate_grid · Period: 2001-2020

What the numbers say

  • Los Angeles, United States leads at 5.65 kWh/m²/day.
  • Graz, Austria sits at the other end with 3.24 kWh/m²/day.
  • The middle of this ranking is 3.84 kWh/m²/day, across 30 places that publish the metric.
  • The spread between first and last is 2.41 kWh/m²/day.

What this measures

Every row is a published solar exposure (modelled) observation measured in kWh/m²/day, ranked highest first. The values were observed in 2001. A place appears only when it publishes this exact metric, so an absent place means missing data rather than a low value.

  • Compare the displayed value, unit, source date and geographic grain together.
  • A city label does not change a regional observation into a city measurement.
Rows
30 places
Geographic grain
city_coordinate_grid
Observation period
2001-2020
Last checked
2026-07-16
With an official source link
30 of 30

Cite this page

Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.

APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, September 12). Major cities with the highest modelled solar exposure [ImmigrationDB compilation; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/reports/major-cities-highest-modelled-solar-exposure/ Retrieved 2026-09-12. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_major-cities-with-the-highest-modelled-solar-exposure_735223c6d8bb,
  author = {ImmigrationDB},
  title = {Major cities with the highest modelled solar exposure},
  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-09-12},
  version = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  snapshot = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/reports/major-cities-highest-modelled-solar-exposure/},
  note = {Retrieved 2026-09-12. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}
Markdown citation
[Major cities with the highest modelled solar exposure](https://immigrationdb.com/reports/major-cities-highest-modelled-solar-exposure/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; retrieved 2026-09-12; built 2026-09-12.

This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.

Sources

  1. NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatologyNASA POWER · Checked 2026-07-16