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Living in Barcelona

Barcelona had 1,731,649 residents at the start of 2025 and is a city in Spain. The unemployment rate was 7.13% in 2024.

Pricier rent than any other Spanish city that publishes it, higher unemployment than 87% of Spanish cities that publish it and more recorded crime than any other Spanish city that publishes it.

Which Spain-wide rules apply when you move to Barcelona?

National rules stay on the country page instead of being relabelled as city data.

Visa and entry rulesPassport-specific entry and national residence context.BenefitsCountry-wide eligibility and official application routes.Taxes in SpainNational rates and thresholds that apply in Barcelona.Healthcare eligibilityCountry-wide insurance and residence conditions.

Housing and cost

A city-level estimate placed average net cold rent at €13.7 per m² per month in 2024. A practical city rent estimate was €1,550 per month in May 2025.

How much does it cost to rent in Barcelona?

Average net cold rent is 13.7 EUR/m² per month (2024), excluding heating and operating charges.

Published average over existing tenancies; a specific flat can sit either side of it. Asking-rent series, where present, are separate rows in the table.

  • Average net rent (nettokalt): 13.7 EUR/m²/month · SERPAVI 2026 — Tabla 2, Barcelona20
What recurs every month6 published recurring costs, € per month
Barcelona recurring monthly costs, € per month

€ / month

Private kindergarten€812
Utilities, 85 m² flat€158
Fitness club€47
Internet, 60 Mbps€33
Transport pass€23
Mobile plan, 10 GB€15

Supplemental estimate lane; these items are not official statistics.

Net rent across major citiesBarcelona highlighted among comparable cities
Net rent across major cities with Barcelona highlighted

net rent, € / m² / month

Madrid€14.00
Barcelona€13.70
Bilbao€11.50
Palma€9.80
Córdoba€6.60
Murcia€5.80
Show the other 6 cities
Málaga€9.60
Sevilla€9.20
Valencia€8.20
Zaragoza€7.70
Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las€7.30
Alacant/Alicante€7.10
MetricValuePeriodSource
Fitness club membership, monthly46.79 EUR/month3 Aug 2026Numbeo25Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Col Groceries Index Basket Eur Month75.9 EUR/month3 Aug 2026Numbeo25Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Internet, 60 Mbps unlimited32.82 EUR/month3 Aug 2026Numbeo25Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Private kindergarten, monthly812.2 EUR/month3 Aug 2026Numbeo25Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Meal at an inexpensive restaurant16 eur3 Aug 2026Numbeo25Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Mobile plan, 10 GB15.16 EUR/month31 Jul 2026Cost of Living in Barcelona. Jul 2026. Prices in Barcelona25Commercial estimate · Supplemental context
Monthly transport pass22.8 EUR/month26 Jul 2026T-usual22Official
Basic utilities, 85 m² home158.5 EUR/month3 Aug 2026Numbeo25Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Dwellings808,752 dwellings31 Dec 2021Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain11Official
G05 Main Residential Dwellings671,175 dwellings31 Dec 2021Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain11Official
G05 Secondary Seasonal Vacant Dwellings137,574 dwellings31 Dec 2021Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain11Official
Average net rent (nettokalt)13.7 EUR/m²/monthcountry median €5.1031 Dec 2024SERPAVI 2026 — Tabla 2, Barcelona20Official
Median monthly rent1,550 EUR/month15 May 2025Numbeo24Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context

Worked out from these numbers

What does a 60 m² flat cost?

About 822 EUR a month in cold rent at the published average of 13.7 EUR/m² per month, before heating and operating charges.

Heating, water and operating charges come on top, and a specific flat can sit either side of an average.

Source period: 2024

Work and income

What is the unemployment rate in Barcelona?

The unemployment rate is about 7.1 % (2024).

  • Unemployment rate: 7.13 % · INE Urban Indicators — unemployment rate by city6
Unemployment across cities in SpainUnemployment in Barcelona is 7.1%. Of 1,361 cities with data, 844 have unemployment of 0 to under 5%.
unemployment rate, % · measured cities in Spain per band844 cities: 0% to under 5%8440–5437 cities: 5% to under 10%4375–10Barcelona 7.1%44 cities: 10% to under 15%4410–1523 cities: 15% to under 20%2315–209 cities: 20% to under 25%920–254 cities: 25% to under 30%425–30

Unemployment rate (%)

MetricValuePeriodSource
Gigabit broadband availability99.44 %30 Jun 2025SETELECO Cobertura Banda Ancha España 2021-202521Official
People in employment680,145 people31 Dec 2021Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain11Official
Median gross salary (regional)2,261 EUR/month31 Dec 2024Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE)7Official · regional context
Unemployment rate7.13 %country median 4.4%31 Dec 2024INE Urban Indicators — unemployment rate by city6Official
Unemployment rate over time10 published observations, 2015–2024
Unemployment rate in Barcelona by year, %6.3%10.3%14.3%18.3%201520172019202120247.1%%

Unemployment rate fell 59.2% between 2015 and 2024, from 17.5% to 7.1%.

Public employment service

No exact public employment office is currently linked to Barcelona. The verified national service may still offer online registration, job search or an official office finder.

Country-level information

Servicio Público de Empleo Estatal — Public employment service

Servicio Público de Empleo Estatal (SEPE)

Job SearchUnemployment ClaimTraining
Search jobs
Open the Spain service overview

Country-level service information is not treated as proof of a physical office in Barcelona. Sources checked through 10 Aug 2026.

Healthcare

MetricValuePeriodSource
Hospital Beds Per 100k613.2 beds per 100,00031 Dec 2025Ministerio de Sanidad – Catálogo Nacional de Hospitales 202512Official

Yes — migrants can receive medical care in Barcelona under the national coverage rules.

Healthcare access follows the country-wide insurance rules; local capacity facts remain city data and are not used as proof of eligibility.

Open the official coverage guide
Hospital Beds Per 100k613.2 beds per 100,000Verified 2026-08-03
Country rule verified 2026-08-03.

Safety

How safe is Barcelona?

Police recorded about 10,330 incidents per 100,000 (2024). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: MIR 2024 Q4 exact III. TOTAL INFRACCIONES PENALES, enero-diciembre 2024; INE 29005 denominator.13

Recorded crime across major citiesBarcelona highlighted among comparable cities
Recorded crime across major cities with Barcelona highlighted5,338Orihuela5,289Murcia5,095Córdoba4,916Vitoria-Gasteiz4,578Cartagena4,104Castelló de la Plana/Castellón de la Plana4,023Ciudad Real3,831Molina de Segura3,706Lorca3,690Logroño3,628Burgos2,712Vila-realrecorded incidents per 100k residents
MetricValuePeriodSource
Recorded incidents per 100,000 residents10,330 incidents per 100,000country median 4,27631 Dec 2024MIR 2024 Q4 exact III. TOTAL INFRACCIONES PENALES, enero-diciembre 2024; INE 29005 denominator.13Official

Mobility and administration

MetricValuePeriodSource
Destinations from nearest airport163 count13 Jun 2026OpenFlights — routes.dat18Official
Nearest airportBCN13 Jun 2026OurAirports — airports.csv19Official
Distance to nearest airport12.6 km13 Jun 2026OurAirports — airports.csv19Official
Public transport monthly pass22.9 EUR/month3 Aug 2026Numbeo25Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context

Language courses and integration in Barcelona

1 exact course-location record is linked to this city. Check the linked source for dates, availability and enrolment.

Verified locally
1verified local records

CNL de Barcelona — Consorci per a la Normalització Lingüística

Plaça Catalunya, 9, 2n 1a, 08002 Barcelona

View official record
Check courses in BarcelonaHow the country programme works
Exact city-linked record checked 2026-08-10. Provider-supplied records are supplemental and are not presented as official accreditation.

Climate and air quality

Monthly mean temperatures were 8.8°C in January and 24.1°C in July. Monthly precipitation was 45.9 mm in January and 30.8 mm in July. Annual PM2.5 was 10.5 µg/m³ in 2024.

Is the air quality good in Barcelona?

The annual PM2.5 mean is about 10.5 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³. Source: No MITECO 2024 station measurement point is registered inside the exact target INE5 municipality; a nearest-station or CCAA value would change the requested place grain and is not accepted.15

Annual mean at the measuring site(s) serving the city; current-day readings differ.

Temperature through the yearAverage daytime high and night-time low, °C
Barcelona average monthly daytime high and night-time low temperature, °C0°10°20°30°JFMAMJJASOND29°6°Daytime highNight-time low
Rainfall through the yearAverage monthly precipitation, mm
Barcelona average monthly precipitation, mm0255075100463654635632313281865846JFMAMJJASONDmm
Sunshine through the yearAverage monthly sunshine, hours
Barcelona average monthly sunshine, hours0510152067789101097665JFMAMJJASONDhours
Air quality vs health guidelinesAnnual means against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limits
Barcelona annual air pollutant levels against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limitsCity valueWHO guidelineEU limit52510.5PM2.5154022.3PM10104021.3NO₂µg/m³

City values from the published air-quality observations. WHO 2021 guidelines and EU limit values are published constants.

PM2.5 across cities in SpainAnnual PM2.5 in Barcelona is 10.5 µg/m³. Of 269 cities with data, 57 have annual PM2.5 of 8 to under 9 µg/m³.
annual PM2.5, µg/m³ · measured cities in Spain per band1 city: 3 µg/m³ to under 4 µg/m³13–46 cities: 4 µg/m³ to under 5 µg/m³64–512 cities: 5 µg/m³ to under 6 µg/m³125–628 cities: 6 µg/m³ to under 7 µg/m³286–733 cities: 7 µg/m³ to under 8 µg/m³337–857 cities: 8 µg/m³ to under 9 µg/m³578–941 cities: 9 µg/m³ to under 10 µg/m³419–1035 cities: 10 µg/m³ to under 11 µg/m³3510–11Barcelona 10.530 cities: 11 µg/m³ to under 12 µg/m³3011–1214 cities: 12 µg/m³ to under 13 µg/m³1412–134 cities: 13 µg/m³ to under 14 µg/m³413–146 cities: 14 µg/m³ to under 15 µg/m³614–151 city: 16 µg/m³ to under 17 µg/m³116–171 city: 19 µg/m³ to under 20 µg/m³119–20

Annual PM2.5 (µg/m³)

MetricValuePeriodSource
NO₂ — annual mean21.28 µg/m³2024No MITECO 2024 station measurement point is registered inside the exact target INE5 municipality; a nearest-station or CCAA value would change the requested place grain and is not accepted.15Official
PM10 — annual mean22.28 µg/m³2024No MITECO 2024 station measurement point is registered inside the exact target INE5 municipality; a nearest-station or CCAA value would change the requested place grain and is not accepted.15Official
PM2.5 — annual mean10.5 µg/m³country median 8.72024No MITECO 2024 station measurement point is registered inside the exact target INE5 municipality; a nearest-station or CCAA value would change the requested place grain and is not accepted.15Official
Annual mean temperature (modelled)15.56 °C2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology14Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
Annual precipitation (modelled)518.7 mm/year2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology14Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
January mean temperature (modelled)7.44 °C2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology14Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
January minimum temperature (modelled)-3.92 °C2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology14Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
July maximum temperature (modelled)36.58 °C2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology14Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
July mean temperature (modelled)24.67 °C2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology14Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
Daily precipitation rate (modelled)1.42 mm/day2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology14Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
Solar exposure (modelled)4.38 kWh/m²/day2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology14Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
Average daytime high by monthJan 11.8 · Feb 13 · Mar 15.6 · Apr 17.8 · May 21.5 · Jun 25.7 · Jul 28.6 · Aug 28.9 · Sep 24.9 · Oct 20.6 · Nov 15.3 · Dec 12.2 °C31 Dec 2020AEMET climate normal — mean monthly maximum air temperature, BARCELONA (FABRA), 1991-20201Official
Average night-time low by monthJan 5.7 · Feb 5.9 · Mar 7.8 · Apr 9.7 · May 12.9 · Jun 16.9 · Jul 19.5 · Aug 19.9 · Sep 16.8 · Oct 13.7 · Nov 9.2 · Dec 6.7 °C31 Dec 2020AEMET climate normal — mean monthly minimum air temperature, BARCELONA (FABRA), 1991-20201Official
Average temperature by monthJan 8.8 · Feb 9.4 · Mar 11.7 · Apr 13.7 · May 17.2 · Jun 21.3 · Jul 24.1 · Aug 24.4 · Sep 20.8 · Oct 17.2 · Nov 12.2 · Dec 9.5 °C31 Dec 2020AEMET climate normal — mean monthly air temperature, BARCELONA (FABRA), 1991-20201Official
Average precipitation by monthJan 45.9 · Feb 35.9 · Mar 54.1 · Apr 62.5 · May 55.5 · Jun 31.6 · Jul 30.8 · Aug 31.7 · Sep 81.3 · Oct 85.8 · Nov 58.1 · Dec 45.5 mm31 Dec 2020AEMET climate normal — mean monthly total precipitation, BARCELONA (FABRA), 1991-20201Official
Average sunshine by monthJan 5.6 · Feb 6.6 · Mar 6.5 · Apr 7.5 · May 8.7 · Jun 9.8 · Jul 10.3 · Aug 9.1 · Sep 6.7 · Oct 6 · Nov 5.6 · Dec 5.2 hours31 Dec 2020AEMET climate normal — mean monthly sunshine duration, BARCELONA (FABRA), 1991-20201Official
Annual PM2.5 over time12 published observations, 2013–2024
Annual PM2.5 in Barcelona by year, µg/m³9.713.717.821.82013201520172021202410.5µg/m³

Annual PM2.5 fell 41.7% between 2013 and 2024, from 18.0 to 10.5.

Cities of a similar size in Spain

Closest published populations, for a like-for-like comparison.

All Spain cities
Madrid3,506,730 residentsValencia840,792 residentsZaragoza693,091 residentsSevilla689,423 residentsMálaga599,063 residentsMurcia479,405 residents

Population and city profile

How many people live in Barcelona?

The published population was 1,731,649 people in January 2025. Source: INE — Cifras oficiales de población de los municipios españoles, revisión del Padrón Municipal 1 January 20255

Who lives hereResidents by nationality, % of population
Barcelona residents by nationalityBy nationalityNational passport76.1%Foreign residents23.9%

Calculated from the population and foreign-resident facts on this page.

MetricValuePeriodSource
Area100.8 km²1 Jan 2024www.ine.es23Official
Cars per 1,000 residents279 cars per 1000 people31 Dec 2024Eurostat3Official
City area100.8 km²1 Jan 2024www.ine.es23Official
Foreign-resident share22.7 %31 Dec 2024Eurostat4Official
Foreign residents414,063 people1 Jan 2024Official INE municipal population by country of nationality; foreign total derived as Total nationality minus España.17Official
Population density16,890 people/km²1 Jan 2024Official INE 2024 municipality population divided by official INE 2024 municipality area.16Official
Population Female870,364 people31 Dec 2023Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE)8Official
Population Male789,758 people31 Dec 2023Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE)8Official
Population1,731,649 people1 Jan 2025INE — Cifras oficiales de población de los municipios españoles, revisión del Padrón Municipal 1 January 20255Official
Population over time11 published observations, 2015–2025
Population in Barcelona by year, residents1,537,3602,335,7633,134,1663,932,5692015201720192021202320251,731,649residents

Population fell 52.0% between 2015 and 2025, from 3,610,906 to 1,731,649.

Foreign residents over time11 published observations, 2015–2025
Foreign residents in Barcelona by year, residents390,314505,102619,891734,679201520172019202120232025437,663residents

Foreign residents fell 12.6% between 2015 and 2025, from 500,778 to 437,663.

International community in Barcelona

Named groups from exact city-grain official distributions. Citizenship, birthplace, language and ancestry answer different questions and stay separate.

Country of birth

Population resident in Spain; both sexes; official INE Census 2021 municipal table · 2021 Census

Published groupPeopleShare
TOTAL1,627,559100.0%
Spain1,179,41172.5%
South America177,47610.9%
Asia80,0104.9%
European Union (without Spain)72,4404.5%
Central America and Caribbean40,0662.5%
Rent of Europe33,5632.1%
Africa29,4421.8%
North America14,2950.9%
Oceania8560.1%

Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source9

Citizenship

Population resident in Spain; both sexes; official INE Census 2021 municipal table · 2021 Census

Published groupPeopleShare
TOTAL1,627,559100.0%
Spanish1,289,92279.3%
European Union (without Spain)94,1825.8%
South America78,7044.8%
Asia74,9684.6%
Rent of Europe30,7091.9%
Central America and Caribbean25,7471.6%
Africa23,3121.4%
North America9,4670.6%
Oceania5240.0%
Statelens240.0%

Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source10

Is Barcelona a good place to live?

There is no universal answer. The profile scores below show who the available published evidence may suit; they are a decision aid, not a personal recommendation.

Try your profile
Remote worker33%strong on work, weak on safety · range 25–41%
Skilled employee57%strong on work, weak on education · range 49–65%
Student32%strong on cost, weak on education · range 23–41%
Family35%strong on family, weak on education · range 27–43%
Retirement21%strong on legal route, weak on admin · range 12–30%
Foreign residents414,063 people1 Jan 2024Official source · Official INE municipal population by country of nationality; foreign total derived as Total nationality minus España.
Population1,731,649 people1 Jan 2025Official source · INE — Cifras oficiales de población de los municipios españoles, revisión del Padrón Municipal 1 January 2025
Average net rent (nettokalt)13.7 EUR/m²/month31 Dec 2024Official source · SERPAVI 2026 — Tabla 2, Barcelona
Median monthly rent1,550 EUR/month15 May 2025Independent source · Numbeo
Dwellings808,752 dwellings31 Dec 2021Official source · Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain
Gigabit broadband availability99.44 %30 Jun 2025Official source · SETELECO Cobertura Banda Ancha España 2021-2025
Every value keeps its source, geographic scope and verification date · Last checked 2026-08-13

Additional context

MetricValuePeriodSource
Households671,178 households31 Dec 2021Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain11Official
Labour Supply Count766,056 people31 Dec 2021Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain11Official
Private Clinic Presenttrue31 Dec 2025Catálogo Nacional de Hospitales 20252Official

Common questions

Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.

How many people live in Barcelona?

The published population was 1,731,649 people in January 2025. Source: INE — Cifras oficiales de población de los municipios españoles, revisión del Padrón Municipal 1 January 2025.

How much does it cost to rent in Barcelona?

Average net cold rent is 13.7 EUR/m² per month (2024), excluding heating and operating charges. For a 70 m² flat that is about 959 EUR a month before utilities. Source: SERPAVI 2026 — Tabla 2, Barcelona.

Is the air quality good in Barcelona?

The annual PM2.5 mean is about 10.5 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³. Source: No MITECO 2024 station measurement point is registered inside the exact target INE5 municipality; a nearest-station or CCAA value would change the requested place grain and is not accepted..

How safe is Barcelona?

Police recorded about 10,330 incidents per 100,000 (2024). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: MIR 2024 Q4 exact III. TOTAL INFRACCIONES PENALES, enero-diciembre 2024; INE 29005 denominator..

What is the unemployment rate in Barcelona?

The unemployment rate is about 7.1 % (2024). Source: INE Urban Indicators — unemployment rate by city.

What is the typical salary around Barcelona?

The median gross salary is 2,261 EUR/month. Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE).

Is Barcelona a good place to live?

Barcelona may suit different people for different reasons. The page's profile scores compare published cost, work, housing, safety, healthcare and other available factors; they are a decision aid, not a universal recommendation.

How many people born in Africa live in Barcelona?

The official country of birth distribution records 29,442 people (1.8%) in the source-defined population for 2021 Census. This is a country of birth measure, not a general estimate of ethnicity or migration status.

Cite this page

Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.

APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, September 12). Barcelona, Spain: rent, salary, jobs, safety [ImmigrationDB compilation; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/cities/es/barcelona/ Retrieved 2026-09-12. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_barcelona-spain-rent-salary-jobs-safety_cbe85be4b75c,
  author = {ImmigrationDB},
  title = {Barcelona, Spain: rent, salary, jobs, safety},
  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-09-12},
  version = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  snapshot = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/cities/es/barcelona/},
  note = {Retrieved 2026-09-12. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}
Markdown citation
[Barcelona, Spain: rent, salary, jobs, safety](https://immigrationdb.com/cities/es/barcelona/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; retrieved 2026-09-12; built 2026-09-12.

This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.

Sources

JSON Markdown
  1. AEMET climate normal — mean monthly maximum air temperature, BARCELONA (FABRA), 1991-2020 AEMET climate normal · aemet.es · checked 2026-07-27
  2. Catálogo Nacional de Hospitales 2025 sanidad.gob.es · checked 2026-07-16
  3. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-03
  4. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-02
  5. INE — Cifras oficiales de población de los municipios españoles, revisión del Padrón Municipal 1 January 2025 INE · ine.es · checked 2026-08-13
  6. INE Urban Indicators — unemployment rate by city INE Urban Indicators · servicios.ine.es · checked 2026-07-26
  7. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) servicios.ine.es · checked 2026-08-06
  8. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) ine.es · checked 2026-08-07
  9. Instituto Nacional de Estadistica (INE), Spain servicios.ine.es · checked 2026-08-30
  10. Instituto Nacional de Estadistica (INE), Spain servicios.ine.es · checked 2026-08-30
Show 15 more sources
  1. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE), Spain ine.es · checked 2026-08-07
  2. Ministerio de Sanidad – Catálogo Nacional de Hospitales 2025 sanidad.gob.es · checked 2026-08-03
  3. MIR 2024 Q4 exact III. TOTAL INFRACCIONES PENALES, enero-diciembre 2024; INE 29005 denominator. estadisticasdecriminalidad.ses.mir.es · checked 2026-07-16
  4. NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology NASA POWER · power.larc.nasa.gov · checked 2026-09-12
  5. No MITECO 2024 station measurement point is registered inside the exact target INE5 municipality; a nearest-station or CCAA value would change the requested place grain and is not accepted. miteco.gob.es · checked 2026-07-15
  6. Official INE 2024 municipality population divided by official INE 2024 municipality area. ine.es · checked 2024-01-01
  7. Official INE municipal population by country of nationality; foreign total derived as Total nationality minus España. ine.es · checked 2024-01-01
  8. OpenFlights — routes.dat OpenFlights · raw.githubusercontent.com · checked 2026-07-14
  9. OurAirports — airports.csv OurAirports · davidmegginson.github.io · checked 2026-07-14
  10. SERPAVI 2026 — Tabla 2, Barcelona SERPAVI 2026 · publicaciones.transportes.gob.es · checked 2026-07-26
  11. SETELECO Cobertura Banda Ancha España 2021-2025 digital.gob.es · checked 2025-06-30
  12. T-usual tmb.cat · checked 2026-07-26
  13. www.ine.es ine.es · checked 2026-07-14
  14. Numbeo numbeo.com · checked 2026-07-14
  15. Numbeo numbeo.com · checked 2026-08-03

Spotted a number that looks wrong? Every value here carries its source and date — tell us what you found and we will re-check it against the source.