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Living in Oulu

In Oulu, average gross earnings are €3,580 a month (2023) and unemployment is 13.7% (2024).

At the end of 2024, the unemployment rate was 13.7%.

Last checked 2026-09-2449 sources

Population217,469people31 Dec 2025Official source · 11ra.px
Median gross salary (region)3,526EUR/month31 Dec 2024Official source · pxweb2.stat.fi
Average net rent14.2EUR/m²/month30 Jun 2026Independent source · Statistics Finland rents of dwellings, table 15fa
Unemployment rate13.7%country median 10.6% — 29% aboveOfficial source · Statistics Finland key indicators of employment statistics by area, table 115x
Recorded crime8,794offences per 100,000country median 9,016 — 2% belowOfficial source · Statistics Finland municipal offences recorded, table 13ex
PM2.5, annual mean4.4µg/m³country median 4.9 — 10% belowOfficial source · EEA City Trend — annual PM2.5 mean within city administrative boundaries

Higher unemployment than 82% of Finnish cities that publish it and cleaner air than 64% of Finnish cities that publish it.

Which Finland-wide rules apply when you move to Oulu?

National rules stay on the country page instead of being relabelled as city data.

Visa and entry rulesPassport-specific entry and national residence context.BenefitsCountry-wide eligibility and official application routes.Taxes in FinlandNational rates and thresholds that apply in Oulu.Healthcare eligibilityCountry-wide insurance and residence conditions.

Housing and cost

A city-level estimate placed average net cold rent at €14.2 per m² per month in June 2026. The listed rent for a one-bedroom home in the centre was €760 per month in 2026. Living space averaged 40.5 m² per person at the end of 2023.

How much does it cost to rent in Oulu?

Average net cold rent is 14.2 EUR/m² per month (June 2026), excluding heating and operating charges.

Published average over existing tenancies; a specific flat can sit either side of it. Asking-rent series, where present, are separate rows in the table.

  • Average net rent (nettokalt): 14.2 EUR/m²/month · Statistics Finland rents of dwellings, table 15fa49
What recurs every month6 published recurring costs, € per month
Oulu recurring monthly costs, € per month

€ / month

Private kindergarten€481
Utilities, 85 m² flat€98
Transport pass€52
Fitness club€32
Internet, 60 Mbps€24
Mobile plan, 10 GB€23

Supplemental estimate lane; these items are not official statistics.

Net rent across major citiesOulu highlighted among comparable cities
Net rent across major cities with Oulu highlighted

net rent, € / m² / month

Järvenpää€16.41
Kerava€15.72
Porvoo€13.87
Riihimäki€13.02
Rauma€10.94
Kouvola€10.83
Show the other 3 cities
Kajaani€12.27
Kokkola€12.19
Kotka€12.17
MetricValuePeriodSource
Fitness club membership, monthly31.84 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v248Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Internet, 60 Mbps unlimited23.99 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v248Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Private kindergarten, monthly481 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v248Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Meal at an inexpensive restaurant11.94 EUR31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v248Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Mobile plan, 10 GB23 EUR/month31 Jul 2026Cost of Living in Oulu. Jul 2026. Prices in Oulu47Commercial estimate · Supplemental context
Monthly transport pass52.24 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v248Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Basic utilities, 85 m² home97.72 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v248Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Residential property price per m²2,800 EUR/m²31 Dec 2024Tilastokeskus — ASPE property27Official
Average net rent (nettokalt)14.2 EUR/m²/month30 Jun 2026Statistics Finland rents of dwellings, table 15fa49Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Typical rent deposit1 months1 Jan 2024www.finlex.fi42Official · national
One-bedroom listing, city centre760 EUR/month2026asunnot.oikotie.fi46Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Housing vacancy rate3 %31 Dec 2024ARA — Housing finance2Official

Cost of living

Fixed monthly costs for one person in an 85 m² flat were about €1,404 in the latest published figures. From a median gross salary of €3,526, that leaves €2,122 before income tax and social contributions.

Where a Oulu salary goesfixed monthly costs, share of the €1,404 basket · median gross salary €3,526/month
  • Net rent, 85 m² · 86%€1,207
  • Utilities, 85 m² · 7%€98
  • Transport pass · 4%€52
  • Internet and mobile · 3%€47

One person, 85 m² flat; the ring splits the €1,404 fixed basket before income tax and social contributions, latest published figures (checked 2026-08-27).

Is Oulu a good place to live?

There is no universal answer. The profile scores below show who the available published evidence may suit; they are a decision aid, not a personal recommendation.

Try your profile
Remote worker56%strong on work, weak on safety · range 47–65%
Skilled employee62%strong on work, weak on safety · range 54–70%
Student52%strong on education, weak on work · range 44–60%
Family54%strong on family, weak on cost · range 46–62%
Retirement53%strong on air quality, weak on admin · range 43–63%

Worked out from these numbers

What does a 60 m² flat cost?

About 852 EUR a month in cold rent at the published average of 14.2 EUR/m² per month, before heating and operating charges.

Heating, water and operating charges come on top, and a specific flat can sit either side of an average.

Source period: June 2026

Work and income

Average monthly gross earnings were €3,580 at the end of 2023. Regional disposable income was €25,000 per person per year at the end of 2024.

What is the unemployment rate in Oulu?

The unemployment rate is 13.7 % (2024). Source: Statistics Finland key indicators of employment statistics by area, table 115x21

Unemployment across cities in FinlandUnemployment in Oulu is 13.7%. Of 144 cities with data, 36 have unemployment of 8 to under 10%.

Unemployment rate (%)

MetricValuePeriodSource
Average gross earnings3,580 EUR/month31 Dec 2023pxdata.stat.fi13Official · maakunta
Fibre broadband coverage89 %31 Dec 2024Traficom — Laajakaistaselvitys (annual broadband survey)34Official
Disposable income per resident25,000 EUR/year31 Dec 2024Tilastokeskus — Regional accounts31Official
GDP per capita40,000 EUR/year31 Dec 2024Tilastokeskus — Regional accounts31Official
Fixed internet — average speed155 Mbps31 Dec 2024www.traficom.fi34Official
Job vacancies per 1,000 people7 vacancies per 1,00031 Dec 2024KEHA Centre / TEM9Official
Median salary35,400 EUR/year31 Dec 2023Tilastokeskus — Structure of Earnings (pra) + Vero tax records13Official
Median gross salary (regional)3,526 EUR/month31 Dec 2024pxweb2.stat.fi19Official
Unemployment rate13.7 %country median 10.6%31 Dec 2024Statistics Finland key indicators of employment statistics by area, table 115x21Official
Unemployment rate over time10 published observations, 2015–2024

Unemployment rate fell 20.6% between 2015 and 2024, from 17.3% to 13.7%.

What does a salary buy in Oulu?

Take-home pay after tax, minus rent and the everyday bills this city publishes. Each line names its source.

regional median gross pay: €3,526 (pxweb2.stat.fi, 2024-12-31).
Left over each month€1,580of €2,629 take-home
  • Rent
  • Utilities
  • Transport
  • Internet
  • Mobile
  • Left over
Line-by-line breakdown and sources
Each month€
Take-home payOECD Taxing Wages 2025, single, no children. Includes central and local income tax and employee social contributions.€2,629
Rent, 60 m²€14.20/m² · market price · Statistics Finland rents of dwellings, table 15fa · 2026-06-30− €852
Public transport pass€52 · market price · Global Cost of Living · 2022-12-31− €52
Utilities, 85 m²€98 · market price · Global Cost of Living · 2022-12-31− €98
Internet€24 · market price · Global Cost of Living · 2022-12-31− €24
Mobile plan€23 · market price · Cost of Living in Oulu. Jul 2026. Prices in Oulu · 2026-07-31− €23
Left over€1,580
Take-home pay for other salaries and households Compare with another city Check a job offer in Oulu Salary needed to live in Oulu

Public employment service

No exact public employment office is currently linked to Oulu. The verified national service may still offer online registration, job search or an official office finder.

Country-level information

Job Market Finland — Public employment service

Finnish public employment services

Job SearchRegistration
Register Search jobs
Open the Finland service overview

Country-level service information is not treated as proof of a physical office in Oulu. Sources checked through 10 Aug 2026.

Family and education

MetricValuePeriodSource
Children aged 0–6 enrolled in childcare76 %31 Dec 2024THL — Health statistics24Official
International schools2 count31 Dec 2024Vipunen — Education Statistics37Official
Schools60 count31 Dec 2024Vipunen — Education Statistics37Official
Average school rating (composite score)7.8 (0–10 index)31 Dec 2024Vipunen — KOSKI education statistics37Official

School for children who move here. School is compulsory from age 6 to 18, and public school is free. Newly arrived pupils get support in the school language: suomi/ruotsi toisena kielenä (S2) + valmistava opetus (preparatory education) + mother-tongue subsidies. How to enrol a child (oph.fi).

A country-wide rule for Finland; Oulu's school authority applies it locally.

Sources: eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu · 2025–2026.

Healthcare

MetricValuePeriodSource
General practitioners per 1,000 people1 GPs per 1,00031 Dec 2024THL — Health statistics24Official
Hospital beds per 100,000 residents3.3 beds per 100,00031 Dec 2024THL — Health statistics24Official
Physicians per 1,000 residents3.4 per 1,00031 Dec 2024THL — Healthcare personnel statistics25Official

Yes — migrants can receive medical care in Oulu when the national insurance or residence conditions are met.

Healthcare access follows the country-wide insurance rules; local capacity facts remain city data and are not used as proof of eligibility.

Open the official coverage guide
Hospital beds per 100,000 residents3.3 beds per 100,000Verified 2026-08-27
Country rule verified 2026-08-03.

Safety

How safe is Oulu?

Police recorded about 8,794 incidents per 100,000 (2024). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source.

  • Recorded incidents per 100,000 residents: 8,794 offences per 100,000 · Statistics Finland municipal offences recorded, table 13ex22
Recorded crime across major citiesOulu highlighted among comparable cities
Recorded crime across major cities with Oulu highlighted

recorded incidents per 100k residents

Vantaa13,982
Helsinki12,307
Turku11,977
Kouvola10,948
Tampere10,243
Lahti9,882
Jyväskylä9,685
Vaasa9,184
Kuopio9,025
Joensuu9,008
Oulu8,794
Espoo7,549
MetricValuePeriodSource
Recorded incidents per 100,000 residents8,794 offences per 100,000country median 9,01631 Dec 2024Statistics Finland municipal offences recorded, table 13ex22Official
Theft and burglary offences per 100,000 residents1,700 crimes per 100,00031 Dec 2024Tilastokeskus — POLRIK crime30Official
Violent crime per 100,000 residents50 crimes per 100,00031 Dec 2024Tilastokeskus — POLRIK crime30Official

Mobility and administration

MetricValuePeriodSource
Destinations from nearest airport3 count13 Jun 2026OpenFlights — routes.dat10Official
Nearest airportOUL13 Jun 2026OurAirports — airports.csv11Official
Distance to nearest airport10.5 km13 Jun 2026OurAirports — airports.csv11Official
Public transport monthly pass62 EUR/month31 Dec 2024Eurostat6Official
Public transport score65 (0–100 index)27 Aug 2026Traficom + HSL / Tampereen joukkoliikenne / Waltti Oulu / Föli35Official
Traffic accidents per 100,000 people110 accidents per 100,00031 Dec 2024Tilastokeskus — TIEL traffic32Official

Language courses and integration in Oulu

1 exact course-location record is linked to this city. Check the linked source for dates, availability and enrolment.

Verified locally
1verified local records

Multicultural Centre Villa Victor

Oulu10, Torikatu 10, Oulu

050 361 3842 · veli-pekka.pelkonen@ouka.fi

View official record
Check courses in OuluHow the country programme works
Exact city-linked record checked 2026-08-10. Provider-supplied records are supplemental and are not presented as official accreditation.

Find courses near Oulu

Climate and air quality

Is the air quality good in Oulu?

The annual PM2.5 mean is 4.4 µg/m³ (2024) — within the WHO 2021 guideline. Source: EEA City Trend — annual PM2.5 mean within city administrative boundaries3

Annual mean at the measuring site(s) serving the city; current-day readings differ.

Temperature through the yearAverage daytime high and night-time low, °C
Rainfall through the yearAverage monthly precipitation, mm
Air quality vs health guidelinesAnnual means against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limits

City values from the published air-quality observations. WHO 2021 guidelines and EU limit values are published constants.

PM2.5 across cities in FinlandAnnual PM2.5 in Oulu is 4.4 µg/m³. Of 39 cities with data, 16 have annual PM2.5 of 5 to under 6 µg/m³.

Annual PM2.5 (µg/m³)

MetricValuePeriodSource
NO₂ — annual mean10.3 µg/m³31 Dec 2012Eurostat5Official
PM2.5 — annual mean4.4 µg/m³country median 4.931 Dec 2024EEA City Trend — annual PM2.5 mean within city administrative boundaries3Official
Average January temperature-8.6 °C31 Dec 1991Ilmatieteen laitos (FMI) — climatological normals 1991-20208Official
Average daytime high by monthJan -4.8 · Feb -4.7 · Mar -0.4 · Apr 5.8 · May 12.6 · Jun 17.9 · Jul 21.1 · Aug 18.9 · Sep 13.2 · Oct 5.8 · Nov 0.5 · Dec -2.7 °C31 Dec 1991World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI38Official
Average night-time low by monthJan -11.9 · Feb -12.1 · Mar -8.3 · Apr -2.5 · May 3.4 · Jun 9.3 · Jul 12.4 · Aug 10.6 · Sep 6 · Oct 0.6 · Nov -4.2 · Dec -8.8 °C31 Dec 1991World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI39Official
Average temperature by monthJan -8.2 · Feb -8.4 · Mar -4.4 · Apr 1.6 · May 8 · Jun 13.7 · Jul 16.7 · Aug 14.6 · Sep 9.6 · Oct 3.3 · Nov -1.6 · Dec -5.3 °C31 Dec 1991World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI40Official
Average precipitation by monthJan 31.6 · Feb 28.5 · Mar 26.4 · Apr 22.7 · May 39.5 · Jun 51.1 · Jul 79.9 · Aug 62.3 · Sep 49 · Oct 51.1 · Nov 43.4 · Dec 38.8 mm31 Dec 1991World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI41Official
Annual sunshine1,650 hours/year1991-20en.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi4Official
Frost days per year170 days31 Dec 2024FMI — Climate normals8Official
Heat-stress days per year0 days31 Dec 2024FMI — Climate normals8Official
Annual mean NO₂ concentration10 µg/m³31 Dec 2024SYKE — Environment Institute23Official
Annual mean PM10 concentration8.5 µg/m³31 Dec 2024SYKE — Environment Institute23Official
Annual mean PM2.5 concentration4.5 µg/m³31 Dec 2024SYKE — Environment Institute23Official

Similar climate. In Finland: Kuopio ±0.9 °C. Elsewhere: Jönköping (Sweden) ±3.4 °C, Barrie (Canada) ±3.7 °C, Gatineau (Canada) ±3.8 °C, Huddinge (Sweden) ±3.2 °C, Linköping (Sweden) ±3.9 °C. Twenty closest, compared month by month

Monthly highs and lows against the 1991–2020 station normals of the nearest station; ± is the average monthly difference.

Population and city profile

How many people live in Oulu?

The published population was 217,469 people in 2025. Source: 11ra.px1

Foreign residents and their share come from different publications that count different groups (for example citizens of another country, or people born abroad, or of foreign origin), so 12,500 is not 7.2% of the population. Each row names its source.

Who lives hereResidents by nationality, % of population

Calculated from the population and foreign-resident facts on this page.

MetricValuePeriodSource
Cars per 1,000 residents560 cars per 1,000 residents31 Dec 2024www.traficom.fi45Official
City area3,040 km²1 Jan 2024www.maanmittauslaitos.fi43Official
Foreign-resident share7.2 %31 Dec 2024Tilastokeskus — Immigrant background by area (vaerak/159t)28Official
Foreign residents12,500 people31 Dec 2024pxdata.stat.fi12Official
Population density73.2 people/km²31 Dec 2025StatFin 11ra Key figures on population by region 1990-202520Official
Projected population change to 20404.1 %12 Jun 2026pxdata.stat.fi16Official · maakunta
Population217,469 people31 Dec 202511ra.px1Official
Students as a share of residents12 %31 Dec 2023pxdata.stat.fi18Official · maakunta

People and communities

MetricValuePeriodSource
No religion or other, share23.5 %31 Dec 2023pxdata.stat.fi17Official · maakunta

Additional context

MetricValuePeriodSource
Public bike-sharing availabletrue31 Dec 2024HSL — Helsinki Region Transport7Official
Cold-stress days per year15 days31 Dec 2024FMI — Climate normals8Official
5G coverage97 %31 Dec 2024Traficom — 5G coverage33Official
Dark days per year30 days31 Dec 2024FMI — Climate normals8Official
Public electric-vehicle charging points per 100,000 residents22 points per 100,00031 Dec 2024Traficom — Broadband survey34Official
Flood-zone risk categoryLow class31 Dec 2024SYKE — Environment Institute23Official
Gigabit broadband availability82 %31 Dec 2024Traficom — Broadband survey34Official
Green-space share52 %31 Dec 2024www.syke.fi44Official
Hot days per year3 days31 Dec 2024FMI — Climate normals8Official
Ice days per year75 days31 Dec 2024FMI — Climate normals8Official
Pre-primary attendance per 100 children aged 3–6 (can exceed 100)79 %31 Dec 2024thl.fi26Official
Childcare coverage, under 348 %31 Dec 2024thl.fi26Official
Living space per resident40.5 m²/person31 Dec 2023pxdata.stat.fi14Official · maakunta
Median age40.1 years31 Dec 2025StatFin: Key figures on population by region (population structure 31 December), median age of inhabitants20Official
Residents with a migration background8.5 %31 Dec 2023pxdata.stat.fi15Official · maakunta
Municipal tax rate21 %27 Aug 2026Vero Skatt — Kunnallisverotus (annual rates)36Official
Snow days per year120 days31 Dec 2024FMI — Climate normals8Official
Swedish-speaking residents0.4 %31 Dec 2024Tilastokeskus — Language by municipality (vaerak/11rm)29Official
Top nationalitiesRussia, Iraq, Sweden, Estonia, Vietnam31 Dec 2024pxdata.stat.fi12Official
Tropical nights per year0 nights31 Dec 2024FMI — Climate normals8Official
Universities2 count31 Dec 2024Vipunen — Education Statistics37Official

Alternatives for people set on Oulu

Three places for the three reasons people leave a city on the shortlist: stay in the region, stay in the country, or keep the budget and change the country. A percentage appears only where both cities publish that metric from the same source, period and grain. Distances are straight lines — travel times are not collected yet.

Vaasa as an Oulu alternative in the same country

Better on 4 of 7 metrics measured the same way, worse on 2.

  • Unemployment: 8.8% Vaasa vs 13.7% Oulu−36%
  • Rent: €13.15/m² Vaasa vs €14.20/m² Oulu−7%
  • Foreign residents: 8.5% Vaasa vs 7.2% Oulu+18%
  • Nearest airport: 8.9 km Vaasa vs 10.5 km Oulu−15%
  • Hospital beds, per 100k: 3.0 Vaasa vs 3.3 Oulu−9%
  • Recorded crime, per 100k: 9,184 Vaasa vs 8,794 Oulu+4%
  • Median gross pay, region: €3,475 Vaasa vs €3,526 Oulusame level
Full comparisonMore about Vaasa

Tallinn as an Oulu alternative in another country

Better on 3 of 3 metrics measured the same way, worse on 0. Rent and median gross pay, region cannot be compared like for like.

  • Rent: €7.33/m² (2008) Tallinn vs €14.20/m² (2026) Ouluno percentage
  • Annual PM2.5: 3.0 µg/m³ Tallinn vs 4.4 µg/m³ Oulu−32%
  • Median gross pay, region: €2,068 (2025) Tallinn vs €3,526 (2024) Ouluno percentage
  • Transport pass: €30 Tallinn vs €62 Oulu−52%
  • Nearest airport: 5.6 km Tallinn vs 10.5 km Oulu−47%
Full comparisonMore about Tallinn

Alternatives with a better balance

same official-source families, comparable grain — left of gross salary after the same fixed costs
Oulu€2,122this cityVantaa€2,207+€85Espoo€2,150+€28Lahti€2,060−€62

Nearby is not always better: the greyed row leaves less than Oulu at the same fixed-cost basket. Every alternative publishes the same metric families, each with its own source and date.

Alternative cities in Finland

Other cities in Finland to compare with Oulu, nearest in population first.

All Finland cities
Turku209,633 residentsVantaa252,956 residentsTampere263,337 residentsJyväskylä149,895 residentsEspoo325,716 residentsKuopio126,572 residents

How does Oulu compare?

Pick a city. The answer appears here and the address bar keeps it, so the comparison can be shared; the page stays Oulu's.

Open the full comparison

Oulu in rankings

#5 of 30 in Largest cities in Finland #11 of 30 in Most international cities in Finland #15 of 30 in Cities with cleanest air in Finland

Put Oulu's key facts on your site — a card with this page's figures and a link back, free under CC BY 4.0.

Common questions

Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.

Is Oulu expensive?

Fixed monthly costs for one person in an 85 m² flat — net rent, utilities, a transport pass, internet and mobile — came to about €1,404 against a median gross salary of €3,526, leaving about €2,122 before income tax. Sources: the rent, recurring-cost and salary series published on this page, each with its own source and date.

How many people live in Oulu?

The published population was 217,469 people in 2025. Source: 11ra.px.

How much does it cost to rent in Oulu?

Average net cold rent is 14.2 EUR/m² per month (June 2026), excluding heating and operating charges. For a 70 m² flat that is about 994 EUR a month before utilities. Source: Statistics Finland rents of dwellings, table 15fa.

Is the air quality good in Oulu?

The annual PM2.5 mean is 4.4 µg/m³ (2024) — within the WHO 2021 guideline. Source: EEA City Trend — annual PM2.5 mean within city administrative boundaries.

How safe is Oulu?

Police recorded about 8,794 incidents per 100,000 (2024). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: Statistics Finland municipal offences recorded, table 13ex.

What is the unemployment rate in Oulu?

The unemployment rate is 13.7 % (2024). Source: Statistics Finland key indicators of employment statistics by area, table 115x.

What is the typical salary around Oulu?

The median gross salary is 3,526 EUR/month. Source: pxweb2.stat.fi.

Is Oulu a good place to live?

Oulu may suit different people for different reasons. The page's profile scores compare published cost, work, housing, safety, healthcare and other available factors; they are a decision aid, not a universal recommendation.

Cite this page

Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.

APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, October 16). Oulu, Finland: population, cost of living, rent and salaries [ImmigrationDB compilation; version 5fd000d636d155e2fa2731f20dfebce6]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/cities/fi/oulu/ Retrieved 2026-10-16. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_oulu-finland-population-cost-of-living-rent-and-salaries_929aa0cf3d1c,
  author = {ImmigrationDB},
  title = {Oulu, Finland: population, cost of living, rent and salaries},
  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-10-16},
  version = {5fd000d636d155e2fa2731f20dfebce6},
  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/cities/fi/oulu/},
  note = {Retrieved 2026-10-16. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}
Markdown citation
[Oulu, Finland: population, cost of living, rent and salaries](https://immigrationdb.com/cities/fi/oulu/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; version 5fd000d636d155e2fa2731f20dfebce6; retrieved 2026-10-16; built 2026-10-16.

This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.

Sources

JSON Markdown
  1. 11ra.px pxdata.stat.fi · checked 2026-08-10
  2. ARA — Housing finance ARA · ara.fi · checked 2026-06-12
  3. EEA City Trend — annual PM2.5 mean within city administrative boundaries EEA City Trend · eea.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-27
  4. en.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi en.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi · checked 2026-07-14
  5. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-03
  6. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-03
  7. HSL — Helsinki Region Transport HSL · hsl.fi · checked 2026-06-12
  8. Ilmatieteen laitos (FMI) — climatological normals 1991-2020 Ilmatieteen laitos (FMI) · en.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi · checked 2026-06-12
  9. KEHA Centre / TEM temtyollisyyskatsaus.fi · checked 2026-06-12
  10. OpenFlights — routes.dat OpenFlights · raw.githubusercontent.com · checked 2026-07-14
Show 39 more sources
  1. OurAirports — airports.csv OurAirports · davidmegginson.github.io · checked 2026-07-14
  2. pxdata.stat.fi pxdata.stat.fi · checked 2026-07-14
  3. pxdata.stat.fi pxdata.stat.fi · checked 2026-07-14
  4. pxdata.stat.fi pxdata.stat.fi · checked 2026-07-14
  5. pxdata.stat.fi pxdata.stat.fi · checked 2026-07-14
  6. pxdata.stat.fi pxdata.stat.fi · checked 2026-07-14
  7. pxdata.stat.fi pxdata.stat.fi · checked 2026-07-14
  8. pxdata.stat.fi pxdata.stat.fi · checked 2026-07-14
  9. pxweb2.stat.fi pxweb2.stat.fi · checked 2026-08-27
  10. StatFin: Key figures on population by region (population structure 31 December), median age of inhabitants pxweb2.stat.fi · checked 2026-09-20
  11. Statistics Finland key indicators of employment statistics by area, table 115x pxdata.stat.fi · checked 2026-07-26
  12. Statistics Finland municipal offences recorded, table 13ex pxdata.stat.fi · checked 2026-07-26
  13. SYKE — Environment Institute SYKE · syke.fi · checked 2026-06-12
  14. THL — Health statistics THL · thl.fi · checked 2026-06-12
  15. THL — Healthcare personnel statistics THL · thl.fi · checked 2026-06-12
  16. thl.fi thl.fi · checked 2026-07-14
  17. Tilastokeskus — ASPE property Tilastokeskus · pxdata.stat.fi · checked 2026-06-12
  18. Tilastokeskus — Immigrant background by area (vaerak/159t) Tilastokeskus · pxdata.stat.fi · checked 2026-07-14
  19. Tilastokeskus — Language by municipality (vaerak/11rm) Tilastokeskus · pxdata.stat.fi · checked 2026-06-12
  20. Tilastokeskus — POLRIK crime Tilastokeskus · pxdata.stat.fi · checked 2026-06-12
  21. Tilastokeskus — Regional accounts Tilastokeskus · pxdata.stat.fi · checked 2026-07-14
  22. Tilastokeskus — TIEL traffic Tilastokeskus · pxdata.stat.fi · checked 2026-06-12
  23. Traficom — 5G coverage Traficom · traficom.fi · checked 2026-06-12
  24. Traficom — Laajakaistaselvitys (annual broadband survey) Traficom · traficom.fi · checked 2026-06-12
  25. Traficom + HSL / Tampereen joukkoliikenne / Waltti Oulu / Föli traficom.fi · checked 2026-06-12
  26. Vero Skatt — Kunnallisverotus (annual rates) Vero Skatt · vero.fi · checked 2026-06-12
  27. Vipunen — Education Statistics Vipunen · vipunen.fi · checked 2026-07-14
  28. World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI nodc.noaa.gov · checked 2026-08-03
  29. World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI nodc.noaa.gov · checked 2026-08-03
  30. World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI nodc.noaa.gov · checked 2026-08-03
  31. World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI nodc.noaa.gov · checked 2026-08-03
  32. www.finlex.fi finlex.fi · checked 2026-07-14
  33. www.maanmittauslaitos.fi maanmittauslaitos.fi · checked 2026-07-14
  34. www.syke.fi syke.fi · checked 2026-07-14
  35. www.traficom.fi traficom.fi · checked 2026-07-14
  36. asunnot.oikotie.fi asunnot.oikotie.fi · checked 2026-07-14
  37. Cost of Living in Oulu. Jul 2026. Prices in Oulu numbeo.com · checked 2026-07-27
  38. Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v2 Global Cost of Living · kaggle.com · checked 2026-07-27
  39. Statistics Finland rents of dwellings, table 15fa pxdata.stat.fi · checked 2026-07-26

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