Living in Argenteuil
In Argenteuil, rent averages €19.36 per m² a month (2025) and unemployment is 14.7% (2022).
Argenteuil is a city in France. The unemployment rate was 14.7% at the end of 2022. In 2024, annual NO₂ was 25.1 µg/m³. The city covered 17.4 km² in 2024. Population density was 6,163.2 people per km² in 2023.
Pricier rent than 92% of French cities that publish it, higher unemployment than 77% of French cities that publish it and more recorded crime than 98% of French cities that publish it.
Which France-wide rules apply when you move to Argenteuil?
National rules stay on the country page instead of being relabelled as city data.
Housing and cost
How much does it cost to rent in Argenteuil?
Average net cold rent is about 19.36 EUR/m² per month (2025-Q3), excluding heating and operating charges.
Published average over existing tenancies; a specific flat can sit either side of it. Asking-rent series, where present, are separate rows in the table.
- Average net rent (nettokalt): 19.36 EUR/m²/month · "Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 20251
| Metric | Value | Period | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Internet, 60 Mbps unlimited | 42.99 EUR/month | 30 Sept 2026 | Orange Livebox Fibre24Official · national market |
| Mobile plan, 10 GB | 19.99 EUR/month | 30 Sept 2026 | Orange 100GB mobile plan23Official · national market |
| Monthly transport pass | 90.8 EUR/month | 30 Sept 2026 | Forfait Navigo Mois - Ile-de-France Mobilites7Official |
| G02 Vacancy Rate Pct | 2,856 % | 31 Dec 2023 | INSEE12Official |
| Dwellings | 46,978 dwellings | 31 Dec 2023 | INSEE13Official |
| G05 Main Residential Dwellings | 43,717 dwellings | 31 Dec 2023 | INSEE13Official |
| Housing Vacancy Rate Percent | 6.08 % | 31 Dec 2023 | Logement en 2023 - Commune - France hors Mayotte18Official |
| Average net rent (nettokalt) | 19.36 EUR/m²/monthcountry median €11.60 | 30 Sept 2025 | "Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 20251Official |
Is Argenteuil a good place to live?
There is no universal answer. The profile scores below show who the available published evidence may suit; they are a decision aid, not a personal recommendation.
Worked out from these numbers
What does a 60 m² flat cost?
About 1,162 EUR a month in cold rent at the published average of about 19.36 EUR/m² per month, before heating and operating charges.
Heating, water and operating charges come on top, and a specific flat can sit either side of an average.
Work and income
What is the unemployment rate in Argenteuil?
The unemployment rate is about 14.7 % (2022).
- Unemployment rate: 14.72 % · INSEE RP2022 ACT1 — population active by type of activity, commune15
Argenteuil 14.7%
Unemployment rate (%)
| Metric | Value | Period | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fibre-to-the-building availability | 99.42 % | 3 Aug 2026 | Arcep (Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques, des postes et de la distribution de la presse)4Official |
| Gigabit broadband availability | 99.42 % | 31 Mar 2026 | Independent ARCEP municipal count of premises eligible for the >=1 Gbit/s fixed advertised-speed class, divided by the ARCEP type=all municipal premises denominator. This is availability/eligibility, not adoption, measured speed, FTTH-only coverage or mobile coverage.11Official |
| Median gross salary (regional) | 3,317 EUR/month | 31 Dec 2022 | www.insee.fr28Official |
| Unemployment rate | 14.72 %country median 11.0% | 31 Dec 2022 | INSEE RP2022 ACT1 — population active by type of activity, commune15Official |
What does a salary buy in Argenteuil?
Take-home pay after tax, minus rent and the everyday bills this city publishes. Each line names its source.
RentTransportInternetMobileLeft over
Line-by-line breakdown and sources
| Each month | € |
|---|---|
| Take-home payOECD Taxing Wages 2025, single, no children. Includes central and local income tax and employee social contributions. | €2,466 |
| Rent, 60 m²€19.36/m² · official · "Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 2025 · 2025-09-30 | − €1,162 |
| Public transport pass€91 · official · Forfait Navigo Mois - Ile-de-France Mobilites · 2026-09-30 | − €91 |
| Utilities, 85 m²not published for this city | — |
| Internet€43 · official · Orange Livebox Fibre · 2026-09-30 | − €43 |
| Mobile plan€20 · official · Orange 100GB mobile plan · 2026-09-30 | − €20 |
| Left overbefore the bill this city does not publish | €1,150 |
Public employment service
No exact public employment office is currently linked to Argenteuil. The verified national service may still offer online registration, job search or an official office finder.
France Travail — Public employment service
Country-level service information is not treated as proof of a physical office in Argenteuil. Sources checked through 10 Aug 2026.
Family and education
| Metric | Value | Period | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary School Count | 60 count | 3 Aug 2026 | Ministère de l'Éducation nationale (data.education.gouv.fr)19Official |
| School Count | 91 count | 3 Aug 2026 | Ministère de l'Éducation nationale (data.education.gouv.fr)19Official |
School for children who move here. School is compulsory from age 3 to 16. Newly arrived pupils get support in the school language: UPE2A (unités pédagogiques pour élèves allophones nouvellement arrivés) + UPE2A-NSA variant. How to enrol a child (education.gouv.fr).
A country-wide rule for France; Argenteuil's school authority applies it locally.
Sources: eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu · 2025–2026.
Healthcare
| Metric | Value | Period | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| GP practices | 24 count | 16 Sept 2026 | Annuaire Santé — RPPS authorized-practice extract3Official |
| Hospital beds per 100,000 residents | 525.3 beds per 100,000 | 31 Dec 2011 | DREES / DGOS – Statistique Annuelle des Établissements de Santé (SAE) 20115Official |
| Hospitals | 2 count | 4 May 2026 | FINESS Extraction du fichier des établissements6Official |
| Pharmacies | 27 count | 4 May 2026 | FINESS Extraction du fichier des établissements6Official |
| Physicians per 100,000 residents | 386.3 per 100,000 | 16 Sept 2026 | Annuaire Santé — RPPS authorized-practice extract3Official |
Yes — migrants can receive medical care in Argenteuil when the national insurance or residence conditions are met.
Healthcare access follows the country-wide insurance rules; local capacity facts remain city data and are not used as proof of eligibility.
Open the official coverage guideSafety
How safe is Argenteuil?
Police recorded about 9,546 incidents per 100,000 (2025). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: Base statistique communale de la délinquance enregistrée par la police et la gendarmerie nationales, 2025 (géographie 2026)8
| Metric | Value | Period | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Burglaries per 100,000 residents | 574.2 incidents per 100,000 | 31 Dec 2025 | FR-SSMSI-communal-20258Official |
| Recorded incidents per 100,000 residents | 9,546 incidents per 100,000country median 4,740 | 31 Dec 2025 | Base statistique communale de la délinquance enregistrée par la police et la gendarmerie nationales, 2025 (géographie 2026)8Official |
| Violent crime per 100,000 residents | 1,347 incidents per 100,000 | 31 Dec 2025 | FR-SSMSI-communal-20258Official |
Mobility and administration
Language courses and integration
No exact city-level course record is currently published for Argenteuil. These verified national programmes may still apply; use the official programme page to check local availability.
Contrat d’intégration républicaine (CIR) — Integration course
État français and OFII
For eligible non-EU foreign residents.
DIAN language-training offer finder — Other
Réseau des Carif-Oref and DIAN
For people seeking French-language training.
Climate and air quality
Annual PM2.5 was 9.64 µg/m³ in 2024. Annual PM10 was 18.5 µg/m³ in 2024.
Is the air quality good in Argenteuil?
The annual PM2.5 mean is about 9.6 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³.
Annual mean at the measuring site(s) serving the city; current-day readings differ.
- PM2.5 — annual mean: 9.64 µg/m³ · 2024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation.2
Night-time low to daytime high
mm
hours
Within WHO 2021 guidelineAbove WHO, within EU limitAbove EU legal limitCity annual mean · µg/m³
City values from the published air-quality observations. WHO 2021 guidelines and EU limit values are published constants.
Argenteuil 9.6
Annual PM2.5 (µg/m³)
| Metric | Value | Period | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO₂ — annual mean | 25.07 µg/m³country median 14.8 | 2024 | 2024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation.2Official |
| NO₂ — latest reading | 21.11 µg/m³ | 15 Jul 2026 | Latest valid NO2 hourly station observation on the official LCSQA E2 current-day extract, mapped to the exact INSEE centre through an exact normalized station-name crosswalk to EEA station metadata.17Official |
| PM10 — annual mean | 18.48 µg/m³country median 14.2 | 2024 | 2024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation.2Official |
| PM2.5 — annual mean | 9.64 µg/m³country median 8.5 | 2024 | 2024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation.2Official |
| Average daytime high by month | Jan 7.5 · Feb 8.7 · Mar 12.6 · Apr 16.1 · May 19.6 · Jun 23 · Jul 25.5 · Aug 25.4 · Sep 21.5 · Oct 16.5 · Nov 11.1 · Dec 7.9 °C | 1991–2020 | WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station LE_BOURGET27Official · nearest-station reading |
| Average night-time low by month | Jan 2.3 · Feb 2.1 · Mar 4.2 · Apr 6.3 · May 9.8 · Jun 13 · Jul 14.9 · Aug 14.6 · Sep 11.5 · Oct 8.8 · Nov 5.2 · Dec 2.8 °C | 1991–2020 | WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station LE_BOURGET27Official · nearest-station reading |
| Average temperature by month | Jan 4.9 · Feb 5.4 · Mar 8.4 · Apr 11.2 · May 14.7 · Jun 18 · Jul 20.2 · Aug 20 · Sep 16.5 · Oct 12.7 · Nov 8.1 · Dec 5.4 °C | 1991–2020 | WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station LE_BOURGET27Official · nearest-station reading |
| Average precipitation by month | Jan 46.8 · Feb 41.1 · Mar 43.9 · Apr 43.1 · May 60.5 · Jun 53.8 · Jul 56.3 · Aug 52.5 · Sep 44.6 · Oct 56.7 · Nov 53.6 · Dec 63.4 mm | 1991–2020 | WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station LE_BOURGET27Official · nearest-station reading |
| Average sunshine by month | Jan 57 · Feb 73 · Mar 129 · Apr 170 · May 189 · Jun 203 · Jul 213 · Aug 206 · Sep 161 · Oct 111 · Nov 63 · Dec 54 hours | 1991–2020 | WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station LE_BOURGET27Official · nearest-station reading |
Annual PM2.5 fell 39.7% between 2013 and 2024, from 16.0 to 9.6.
Similar climate. In France: Orléans ±0.6 °C. Elsewhere: Saanich (Canada) ±1.4 °C, Slough (United Kingdom) ±0.7 °C, Werl (Germany) ±1.6 °C, Bexley (United Kingdom) ±0.9 °C, Westminster (United Kingdom) ±0.9 °C. Twenty closest, compared month by month
Monthly highs and lows against the 1991–2020 station normals of the nearest station; ± is the average monthly difference.
Population and city profile
How many people live in Argenteuil?
The published population was 106,130 people in 2023. Source: INSEE — Populations légales 2023, Argenteuil (commune 95018)14
By nationality
National passport76.2%Foreign residents23.8%
Calculated from the population and foreign-resident facts on this page.
| Metric | Value | Period | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| City area | 17.4 km² | 1 Jan 2024 | France city identity collection9Official |
| Foreign-resident share | 23.84 % | 31 Dec 2021 | Nationalité en 2021 — Base des tableaux détaillés — NAT121Official |
| Foreign residents | 25,301 people | 2021 | Nationalité en 2021 — Base des tableaux détaillés — NAT121Official |
| Population density | 6,163 people/km² | 31 Dec 2023 | Séries historiques en 2023 — Recensement de la population, base des principaux indicateurs, communes de France hors Mayotte26Official |
| Population | 106,130 people | 1 Jan 2023 | INSEE — Populations légales 2023, Argenteuil (commune 95018)14Official |
International community in Argenteuil
Named groups from exact city-grain official distributions. Citizenship, birthplace, language and ancestry answer different questions and stay separate.
Citizenship
Population resident in France excluding Mayotte; INSEE RP2023 NAT; total age and sex · 2023 Census
| Published group | People | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Total | 106,130 | 100.0% |
| Français | 78,941.374 | 74.4% |
| Etranger | 27,188.626 | 25.6% |
Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source16
Additional context
| Metric | Value | Period | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Universities | 0 count | 3 Aug 2026 | Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (data.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr)20Official |
Alternatives for people set on Argenteuil
Three places for the three reasons people leave a city on the shortlist: stay in the region, stay in the country, or keep the budget and change the country. A percentage appears only where both cities publish that metric from the same source, period and grain. Distances are straight lines — travel times are not collected yet.
Versailles as a Argenteuil alternative in the same region
18 km away, better on 5 of 7 metrics measured the same way, worse on 1.
- Rent: €24.31/m² Versailles vs €19.36/m² Argenteuil+26%
- Recorded crime, per 100k: 4,678 Versailles vs 9,546 Argenteuil−51%
- Unemployment: 7.8% Versailles vs 14.7% Argenteuil−47%
- Hospital beds, per 100k: 988.1 Versailles vs 525.3 Argenteuil+88%
- Nearest airport: 6.0 km Versailles vs 14.0 km Argenteuil−57%
- Residents: 84,095 Versailles vs 106,130 Argenteuil−21%
- Annual PM2.5: 8.8 µg/m³ Versailles vs 9.6 µg/m³ Argenteuil−9%
Nancy as a Argenteuil alternative in the same country
A move, not a commute, at 289 km, better on 5 of 6 metrics measured the same way, worse on 1. Foreign residents cannot be compared like for like.
- Hospital beds, per 100k: 2,334.9 Nancy vs 525.3 Argenteuil+344%
- Rent: €12.15/m² Nancy vs €19.36/m² Argenteuil−37%
- Empty flats: 12.0% Nancy vs 6.1% Argenteuil+98%
- Median gross pay, region: €2,641 Nancy vs €3,317 Argenteuil−20%
- Nearest airport: 3.0 km Nancy vs 14.0 km Argenteuil−79%
- Recorded crime, per 100k: 8,063 Nancy vs 9,546 Argenteuil−16%
- Foreign residents: 9.9% (2022) Nancy vs 23.8% (2021) Argenteuilno percentage
Cities near Argenteuil
Published cities within 25 km, nearest first. Distances are straight-line.
- Rent
- 26.3 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2025-01-01
- Rent
- 23.54 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2025-09-30
- Rent
- 19.82 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2025-09-30
- Rent
- 19.7 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2025-09-30
- Rent
- 20.42 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2025-09-30
- Rent
- 25.15 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2025-09-30
- Rent
- 23.83 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2025-09-30
- Rent
- 19.48 EUR/m²/monthAverage net rent (nettokalt) · 2025-09-30
Alternative cities in France
Other cities in France to compare with Argenteuil, nearest in population first.
How does Argenteuil compare?
Pick a city. The answer appears here and the address bar keeps it, so the comparison can be shared; the page stays Argenteuil's.
Argenteuil in rankings
Is Argenteuil part of Paris?
Argenteuil is in the published commuting zone of Paris; this does not mean it is administratively part of the hub. Paris city profile
Relationship type: Commuting Zone Of. Source10
Common questions
Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.
How many people live in Argenteuil?
The published population was 106,130 people in 2023. Source: INSEE — Populations légales 2023, Argenteuil (commune 95018).
How much does it cost to rent in Argenteuil?
Average net cold rent is about 19.36 EUR/m² per month (2025-Q3), excluding heating and operating charges. For a 70 m² flat that is about 1,355 EUR a month before utilities. Source: "Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 2025.
Is the air quality good in Argenteuil?
The annual PM2.5 mean is about 9.6 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³. Source: 2024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation..
How safe is Argenteuil?
Police recorded about 9,546 incidents per 100,000 (2025). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: Base statistique communale de la délinquance enregistrée par la police et la gendarmerie nationales, 2025 (géographie 2026).
What is the unemployment rate in Argenteuil?
The unemployment rate is about 14.7 % (2022). Source: INSEE RP2022 ACT1 — population active by type of activity, commune.
What is the typical salary around Argenteuil?
The median gross salary is 3,317 EUR/month. Source: www.insee.fr.
Is Argenteuil a good place to live?
Argenteuil may suit different people for different reasons. The page's profile scores compare published cost, work, housing, safety, healthcare and other available factors; they are a decision aid, not a universal recommendation.
Is Argenteuil part of Paris?
Argenteuil is in the published commuting zone of Paris; this does not mean it is administratively part of the hub.
Which cities are near Argenteuil?
Paris, Colombes, Sannois, Bezons, Saint-Gratien are near Argenteuil. Typed relationship labels are shown where published; other rows use straight-line distance from admitted coordinates.
How many people are in the Total citizenship group in Argenteuil?
The official citizenship distribution records 106,130 people (100.0%) in the source-defined population for 2023 Census. This is a citizenship measure, not a general estimate of ethnicity or migration status.
Cite this page
Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.
APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, September 24). Argenteuil, France: population, rent, salary, cost of living [ImmigrationDB compilation; version e1d0f18138a16ad411e04e28c343283f]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/cities/fr/argenteuil/ Retrieved 2026-09-24. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_argenteuil-france-population-rent-salary-cost-of-living_31cf0edb08ae,
author = {ImmigrationDB},
title = {Argenteuil, France: population, rent, salary, cost of living},
publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
year = {2026},
date = {2026-09-24},
version = {e1d0f18138a16ad411e04e28c343283f},
url = {https://immigrationdb.com/cities/fr/argenteuil/},
note = {Retrieved 2026-09-24. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}Markdown citation
[Argenteuil, France: population, rent, salary, cost of living](https://immigrationdb.com/cities/fr/argenteuil/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; version e1d0f18138a16ad411e04e28c343283f; retrieved 2026-09-24; built 2026-09-24.This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.
Sources
- "Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 2025 static.data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-09-18
- 2024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation. air.discomap.eea.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-15
- Annuaire Santé — RPPS authorized-practice extract Annuaire Santé · data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-09-16
- Arcep (Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques, des postes et de la distribution de la presse) data.arcep.fr · checked 2026-08-03
- DREES / DGOS – Statistique Annuelle des Établissements de Santé (SAE) 2011 data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-08-03
- FINESS Extraction du fichier des établissements data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-09-15
- Forfait Navigo Mois - Ile-de-France Mobilites iledefrance-mobilites.fr · checked 2026-09-19
- FR-SSMSI-communal-2025 static.data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-09-15
- France city identity collection migrationfit.com · checked 2026-06-30
- GISCO Urban Audit 2021 — Functional Urban Areas (URAU_RG_100K_2021_4326_FUA) GISCO Urban Audit 2021 · gisco-services.ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-09-19
Show 27 more sources
- Independent ARCEP municipal count of premises eligible for the >=1 Gbit/s fixed advertised-speed class, divided by the ARCEP type=all municipal premises denominator. This is availability/eligibility, not adoption, measured speed, FTTH-only coverage or mobile coverage. data.arcep.fr · checked 2026-03-31
- INSEE insee.fr · checked 2026-08-07
- INSEE insee.fr · checked 2026-08-07
- INSEE — Populations légales 2023, Argenteuil (commune 95018) INSEE · insee.fr · checked 2026-08-13
- INSEE RP2022 ACT1 — population active by type of activity, commune INSEE RP2022 ACT1 · insee.fr · checked 2026-07-26
- Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (INSEE), France api.insee.fr · checked 2026-08-30
- Latest valid NO2 hourly station observation on the official LCSQA E2 current-day extract, mapped to the exact INSEE centre through an exact normalized station-name crosswalk to EEA station metadata. files.data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-07-15
- Logement en 2023 - Commune - France hors Mayotte insee.fr · checked 2026-09-17
- Ministère de l'Éducation nationale (data.education.gouv.fr) data.education.gouv.fr · checked 2026-08-03
- Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (data.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr) data.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr · checked 2026-08-03
- Nationalité en 2021 — Base des tableaux détaillés — NAT1 Nationalité en 2021 · insee.fr · checked 2026-07-15
- OLAP Rapport Paris 2025 observatoire-des-loyers.fr · checked 2026-07-26
- Orange 100GB mobile plan boutique.orange.fr · checked 2026-09-15
- Orange Livebox Fibre boutique.orange.fr · checked 2026-09-15
- OurAirports davidmegginson.github.io · checked 2026-08-03
- Séries historiques en 2023 — Recensement de la population, base des principaux indicateurs, communes de France hors Mayotte Séries historiques en 2023 · insee.fr · checked 2026-09-24
- WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station LE_BOURGET WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 · ncei.noaa.gov · checked 2026-07-31
- www.insee.fr insee.fr · checked 2026-08-27
- Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
- Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
- Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
- Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
- Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
- Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
- Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
- Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
- Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
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