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Living in Lakewood

There were 11,628 physicians per 100,000 residents in 2026. Lakewood is in the United States; its population was 50,007 in July 2026. In July 2026, 36.7% of renter households spent at least 30% of income on housing. Foreign-born residents accounted for 8.1% of the population in 2026.

Last checked 2026-09-1936 sources

Population49,027people31 Dec 2025Official source · U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program
Median gross salary3,747EUR/month31 Dec 2024Community source · Census Reporter ACS 2020-2024 5-year, table B20002 (underlying U.S. Census Bureau ACS)
Median rent940.5EUR/month31 Dec 2024Independent source · Census Reporter mirror of ACS 2024 5-year tables
Unemployment rate5.02%31 Dec 2024Independent source · Census Reporter mirror of ACS 2024 5-year tables
Recorded crime1,283offences per 100,000country median 1,586 — 19% belowOfficial source · FBI Crime Data Explorer / Uniform Crime Reporting
PM2.5, annual mean8.97µg/m³31 Dec 2024Independent source · EPA AQS annual PM2.5 monitor data 2024

Which United States-wide rules apply when you move to Lakewood?

National rules stay on the country page instead of being relabelled as city data.

Housing and cost

Median gross rent was US$1,070 per month, while the median home value was US$262,200 in July 2026. Owner occupation was 44.4%, and the vacancy rate was 7.66% in July 2026.

What recurs every month2 published recurring costs, € per month
Lakewood recurring monthly costs, € per month

€ / month

Internet, 60 Mbps€60
Mobile plan, 10 GB€22
MetricValuePeriodSource
Internet, 60 Mbps unlimited60.38 EUR/month30 Sept 2026Verizon 300 Mbps home internet21Official · national market
Mobile plan, 10 GB21.57 EUR/month30 Sept 2026Visible unlimited mobile plan22Official · national market
Median gross rent$1,070/month4 Jul 2026ACS median gross rent3Official
Households spending over 30% of income on rent36.66 %4 Jul 2026ACS median gross rent3Official
Housing vacancy rate (legacy series)7.66 %4 Jul 2026ACS median gross rent3Official
Property crime per 100,000 residents1,291 per 100,000 people1 Jul 2026FBI CDE/UCR crime statistics10Official
Average monthly rent (whole dwelling)1,043 EUR/month31 Dec 2020ACS 2020-2024 5-year table-based Summary File, tables B25065 (Aggregate Gross Rent) and B25063 (Gross Rent, units with cash rent)1Official
Median monthly rent940.5 EUR/month31 Dec 2024Census Reporter mirror of ACS 2024 5-year tables26Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Recorded property crimes453 offenses/year31 Dec 2025FBI CIUS Table 8 by City 2025 (CDE offenses-known-to-le-2025.zip)11Official

Is Lakewood a good place to live?

There is no universal answer. The profile scores below show who the available published evidence may suit; they are a decision aid, not a personal recommendation.

Try your profile
Remote worker54%strong on work, weak on air quality · range 45–63%
Skilled employee58%strong on work, weak on safety · range 49–67%
Student53%strong on education, weak on work · range 43–63%
Family53%strong on family, weak on cost · range 44–62%
Retirement47%strong on safety, weak on admin · range 36–58%

Worked out from these numbers

How international is the population?

8.3% of residents hold a foreign nationality — 4,046 of 49,027 people. This counts nationality, not place of birth, so long-settled residents who naturalised are not in it.

Uses a supplemental estimate, so treat it as indicative.

Work and income

Median household income was US$68,954 a year in July 2026.

Unemployment across cities in United StatesUnemployment in Lakewood is 5.0%. Of 2,153 cities with data, 1,250 have unemployment of 0 to under 5%.

Unemployment rate (%)

MetricValuePeriodSource
Median household income68,954 USD/year4 Jul 2026ACS total population4Official
Households with cable, fibre or DSL broadband80.03 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population4Official
Households with a broadband subscription92.32 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population4Official
Households with internet but no subscription2.65 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population4Official
Households without internet4.95 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population4Official
Households with satellite internet4.36 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population4Official
Median gross salary3,747 EUR/month31 Dec 2024Census Reporter ACS 2020-2024 5-year, table B20002 (underlying U.S. Census Bureau ACS)25Community estimate · Supplemental context
Median gross salary (regional)3,705 EUR/month31 Dec 2025www.bls.gov24Official
Unemployment rate5.02 %31 Dec 2024Census Reporter mirror of ACS 2024 5-year tables26Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context

What does a salary buy in Lakewood?

Take-home pay after tax, minus rent and the everyday bills this city publishes. Each line names its source.

regional median gross pay: €3,705 (US Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2025-12-31).
Left over each month€1,774of €2,899 take-home
  • Rent
  • Internet
  • Mobile
  • Left over
Line-by-line breakdown and sources
Each month€
Take-home payOECD Taxing Wages 2025, single, no children. Includes central and local income tax and employee social contributions; euro amounts at the ECB average for 2026-08.€2,899
Rentaverage rent of a whole dwelling · official · ACS 2020-2024 5-year table-based Summary File, tables B25065 (Aggregate Gross Rent) and B25063 (Gross Rent, units with cash rent) · 2020-12-31− €1,043
Internet€60 · official · Verizon 300 Mbps home internet · 2026-09-30− €60
Mobile plan€22 · official · Visible unlimited mobile plan · 2026-09-30− €22
Other everyday billsnot published for this city: public transport pass, utilities—
Left overbefore the bills this city does not publish€1,774
Take-home pay for other salaries and households Compare with another city Check a job offer in Lakewood Salary needed to live in Lakewood

Public employment service

No exact public employment office is currently linked to Lakewood. The verified national service may still offer online registration, job search or an official office finder.

Country-level information

American Job Centers — Public employment service

U.S. Department of Labor Employment and Training Administration

Job Search

Country-level service information is not treated as proof of a physical office in Lakewood. Sources checked through 10 Aug 2026.

Family and education

MetricValuePeriodSource
Residents with high school education or higher95.69 %4 Jul 2026ACS median gross rent3Official
Schools11 schools30 Jun 2026NCES CCD public school count14Official source, approximated value · Supplemental context · school district
School enrolment, share of residents18.59 %4 Jul 2026ACS median gross rent3Official

Healthcare

MetricValuePeriodSource
Mental health provider ratio339 ratio30 Jun 2026HRSA mental health provider ratio13Official
Primary care doctors per 100,000 residents11,628 per 100,000 people30 Jun 2026HRSA mental health provider ratio13Official
Preventable hospitalizations3,545 per 100,000 people30 Jun 2026HRSA mental health provider ratio13Official

Yes — migrants can receive medical care in Lakewood when the national insurance or residence conditions are met.

Healthcare access follows the country-wide insurance rules; local capacity facts remain city data and are not used as proof of eligibility.

Open the official coverage guide
Country rule verified 2026-08-03.

Safety

Recorded crime across major citiesLakewood highlighted among comparable cities
Recorded crime across major cities with Lakewood highlighted

recorded incidents per 100k residents

Lakewood5,881
Philadelphia5,457
Houston5,442
San Antonio5,218
Chicago4,012
Dallas4,010
Austin3,709
Fort Worth3,158
Phoenix3,125
New York City3,039
Los Angeles2,212
San Diego2,082
MetricValuePeriodSource
Recorded incidents per 100,000 residents1,283 offences per 100,000country median 1,58631 Dec 2024FBI Crime Data Explorer / Uniform Crime Reporting12Official
Violent crime per 100,000 residents122.5 per 100,000 people1 Jul 2026FBI CDE/UCR crime statistics10Official
Recorded violent crimes40 offenses/year31 Dec 2025FBI CIUS Table 8 by City 2025 (CDE offenses-known-to-le-2025.zip)11Official

Mobility and administration

MetricValuePeriodSource
Average commute time22.77 minutes4 Jul 2026ACS total population4Official
Workers commuting by bicycle0.87 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population4Official
Workers commuting by public transport1.56 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population4Official
Workers walking to work2.73 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population4Official
Destinations from nearest airport56 count3 Aug 2026OpenFlights17Official
Nearest airportCLE3 Aug 2026OurAirports18Official
Distance to nearest airport9 km3 Aug 2026OurAirports18Official

Language courses and integration

No exact city-level course record is currently published for Lakewood. These verified national programmes may still apply; use the official programme page to check local availability.

Country-level information

Adult Education and English Language Acquisition (AEFLA) — State Language Course

U.S. Department of Education

For adult learners, adult English-language learners.

EnglishIn Person, Online, HybridCost varies

USCIS English and citizenship class finder — Civic Orientation

U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services

For immigrants, future citizens.

EnglishIn Person, OnlineCost varies
National programme information is not treated as proof of a course location in Lakewood.

Find courses near Lakewood

Climate and air quality

Temperature through the yearAverage daytime high and night-time low, °C
Rainfall through the yearAverage monthly precipitation, mm
Air quality vs health guidelinesAnnual means against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limits

City values from the published air-quality observations. WHO 2021 guidelines and EU limit values are published constants.

PM2.5 across cities in United StatesAnnual PM2.5 in Lakewood is 9.0 µg/m³. Of 968 cities with data, 261 have annual PM2.5 of 6 to under 7 µg/m³.

Annual PM2.5 (µg/m³)

MetricValuePeriodSource
PM2.5 — annual mean8.97 µg/m³31 Dec 2024EPA AQS annual PM2.5 monitor data 202434Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Average daytime high by monthJan 2.11 · Feb 3.61 · Mar 8.39 · Apr 15.61 · May 21.72 · Jun 26.56 · Jul 28.72 · Aug 27.78 · Sep 24.22 · Oct 17.61 · Nov 10.72 · Dec 4.67 °C1991–2020NOAA U.S. Monthly Climate Normals 1991-2020 — station USW00014820 (CLEVELAND)16Official · nearest-station reading
Average night-time low by monthJan -5.39 · Feb -4.61 · Mar -0.722 · Apr 4.89 · May 10.78 · Jun 16.17 · Jul 18.5 · Aug 17.72 · Sep 13.94 · Oct 8.06 · Nov 2.61 · Dec -2.11 °C1991–2020NOAA U.S. Monthly Climate Normals 1991-2020 — station USW00014820 (CLEVELAND)16Official · nearest-station reading
Average temperature by monthJan -1.6 · Feb -0.5 · Mar 3.8 · Apr 10.2 · May 16.2 · Jun 21.3 · Jul 23.6 · Aug 22.8 · Sep 19.1 · Oct 12.8 · Nov 6.7 · Dec 1.3 °C31 Dec 1991World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI23Official
Average precipitation by monthJan 75.95 · Feb 63.25 · Mar 77.72 · Apr 95.25 · May 96.27 · Jun 97.28 · Jul 93.22 · Aug 90.42 · Sep 99.82 · Oct 91.44 · Nov 85.6 · Dec 75.95 mm1991–2020NOAA U.S. Monthly Climate Normals 1991-2020 — station USW00014820 (CLEVELAND)16Official · nearest-station reading
PM2.5, highest monitored reading158.6 µg/m³1 Jul 2026EPA AirData PM2.5 annual mean9Official source, approximated value · Supplemental context · county
PM2.5, annual mean10.41 µg/m³1 Jul 2026EPA AirData PM2.5 annual mean9Official source, approximated value · Supplemental context · county
PM2.5 monitoring sites16 monitors1 Jul 2026EPA AirData PM2.5 annual mean9Official source, approximated value · Supplemental context · county
Annual precipitation994.4 mm30 Jun 2026NOAA GHCN-Daily climate normals15Official source, approximated value · Supplemental context · station observation
Maximum July temperature23.23 °C30 Jun 2026NOAA GHCN-Daily climate normals15Official source, approximated value · Supplemental context · station observation
Average annual temperature12.32 °C30 Jun 2026NOAA GHCN-Daily climate normals15Official source, approximated value · Supplemental context · station observation
Minimum January temperature2.7 °C30 Jun 2026NOAA GHCN-Daily climate normals15Official source, approximated value · Supplemental context · station observation

Similar climate. In United States: Akron ±0.7 °C. Elsewhere: Markham (Canada) ±1.7 °C, Mississauga (Canada) ±1.7 °C, Richmond Hill (Canada) ±1.7 °C, Vaughan (Canada) ±1.7 °C, Cottbus (Germany) ±2.4 °C. Twenty closest, compared month by month

Monthly highs and lows against the 1991–2020 station normals of the nearest station; ± is the average monthly difference.

Population and city profile

Foreign residents and their share come from different publications that count different groups (for example citizens of another country, or people born abroad, or of foreign origin), so 4,046 is not 3.6% of the population. Each row names its source.

Who lives hereResidents by nationality, % of population

Calculated from the population and foreign-resident facts on this page.

MetricValuePeriodSource
Foreign-resident share3.57 %31 Dec 2020Census Reporter (underlying U.S. Census ACS)7Official
Foreign residents4,046 people31 Dec 2024Census Reporter mirror of ACS 2024 5-year tables26Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Population density3,415 people/km²31 Dec 2025Census Reporter / U.S. Census Bureau8Official
Population49,027 people31 Dec 2025U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program20Official
Population covered by crime statistics49,178 people31 Dec 2025FBI CIUS Table 8 by City 2025 (CDE offenses-known-to-le-2025.zip)11Official

Additional context

MetricValuePeriodSource
Median home value262,200 USD4 Jul 2026ACS median gross rent3Official
Owner-occupied homes44.38 %4 Jul 2026ACS median gross rent3Official
Labour force participation rate74.7 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population4Official
Residents born abroad8.09 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population4Official
Naturalized citizens, share of residents4.53 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population4Official
Non-citizens, share of residents3.57 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population4Official
Flu vaccination coverage62.28 %30 Jun 2026CDC BRFSS flu vaccination coverage5Official
Mammography screening coverage78.5 %30 Jun 2026CDC mammography screening rate6Official
Residents without health insurance6.18 %4 Jul 2026ACS median gross rent3Official
Residents with a bachelor's degree or higher55.3 %4 Jul 2026ACS median gross rent3Official
Crime reporting agencies1 agencies1 Jul 2026FBI CDE/UCR crime statistics10Official
Households with a vehicle available86.94 %4 Jul 2026ACS median gross rent3Official
Public transport agencies in the National Transit Database1 agencies4 Jul 2026ACS total population4Official
Workers aged 16 and over30,267 workers4 Jul 2026ACS total population4Official
Workers mainly working from home21.21 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population4Official
Households using cellular data plans86.24 %4 Jul 2026ACS total population4Official

Alternatives for people set on Lakewood

Three places for the three reasons people leave a city on the shortlist: stay in the region, stay in the country, or keep the budget and change the country. A percentage appears only where both cities publish that metric from the same source, period and grain. Distances are straight lines — travel times are not collected yet.

Bay Village as a Lakewood alternative in the same region

11 km away, better on 4 of 7 metrics measured the same way, worse on 2.

  • Median gross pay, city: €5,698 Bay Village vs €3,747 Lakewood+52%
  • Recorded crime, per 100k: 379 Bay Village vs 1,283 Lakewood−70%
  • Unemployment: 2.3% Bay Village vs 5.0% Lakewood−55%
  • Foreign residents: 1.0% Bay Village vs 3.6% Lakewood−72%
  • Residents: 15,792 Bay Village vs 49,027 Lakewood−68%
  • Annual PM2.5: 7.4 µg/m³ Bay Village vs 9.0 µg/m³ Lakewood−18%
  • Nearest airport: 10.0 km Bay Village vs 9.0 km Lakewood+11%

Plainfield as a Lakewood alternative in the same country

A move, not a commute, at 533 km, better on 6 of 7 metrics measured the same way, worse on 0.

  • Median gross pay, city: €4,830 Plainfield vs €3,747 Lakewood+29%
  • Recorded crime, per 100k: 741 Plainfield vs 1,283 Lakewood−42%
  • Foreign residents: 6.1% Plainfield vs 3.6% Lakewood+71%
  • Unemployment: 3.8% Plainfield vs 5.0% Lakewood−25%
  • Median gross pay, region: €4,043 Plainfield vs €3,705 Lakewood+9%
  • Annual PM2.5: 7.8 µg/m³ Plainfield vs 9.0 µg/m³ Lakewood−13%
  • Residents: 50,043 Plainfield vs 49,027 Lakewood+2%

Cities near Lakewood

Published cities within 25 km, nearest first. Distances are straight-line.

Cleveland Commuting Zone · 9.0 km away
Salary
2,764 EUR/monthMedian gross salary · 2024-12-31

Alternative cities in United States

Other cities in United States to compare with Lakewood, nearest in population first.

All United States cities

How does Lakewood compare?

Pick a city. The answer appears here and the address bar keeps it, so the comparison can be shared; the page stays Lakewood's.

Is Lakewood part of Cleveland?

Lakewood is in the published commuting zone of Cleveland; this does not mean it is administratively part of the hub. Cleveland city profile

Relationship type: Commuting Zone Of. Source19

Common questions

Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.

What is the typical salary around Lakewood?

The median gross salary is 3,705 EUR/month. Source: www.bls.gov.

What is the unemployment rate in Lakewood?

The unemployment rate is 5.02 %. This is a supplemental estimate, not an official municipal measurement. Source: Census Reporter mirror of ACS 2024 5-year tables.

Is the air quality good in Lakewood?

The annual PM2.5 mean is 8.97 µg/m³. The WHO 2021 guideline is 5 µg/m³ and the EU limit value is 25 µg/m³, so this reading is above the WHO guideline but within the EU limit. This is a supplemental estimate, not an official municipal measurement. Source: EPA AQS annual PM2.5 monitor data 2024.

How safe is Lakewood?

Police recorded 1,283 offences per 100,000. This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: FBI Crime Data Explorer / Uniform Crime Reporting.

How many people live in Lakewood?

The published population is 49,027 people. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program.

How many foreign residents live in Lakewood?

4,046 residents hold a foreign nationality. This is a supplemental estimate, not an official municipal measurement. Source: Census Reporter mirror of ACS 2024 5-year tables.

Is Lakewood a good place to live?

Lakewood may suit different people for different reasons. The page's profile scores compare published cost, work, housing, safety, healthcare and other available factors; they are a decision aid, not a universal recommendation.

Is Lakewood part of Cleveland?

Lakewood is in the published commuting zone of Cleveland; this does not mean it is administratively part of the hub.

Which cities are near Lakewood?

Cleveland, Rocky River, Detroit-Shoreway, Fairview Park, Brooklyn are near Lakewood. Typed relationship labels are shown where published; other rows use straight-line distance from admitted coordinates.

Cite this page

Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.

APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, October 16). Lakewood (Ohio), United States: population, rent, salary [ImmigrationDB compilation; version 268ad4b2bb378e361370d133c60ad5a3]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/cities/us/lakewood-oh/ Retrieved 2026-10-16. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_lakewood-ohio-united-states-population-rent-salary_3e57b7a93ee3,
  author = {ImmigrationDB},
  title = {Lakewood (Ohio), United States: population, rent, salary},
  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-10-16},
  version = {268ad4b2bb378e361370d133c60ad5a3},
  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/cities/us/lakewood-oh/},
  note = {Retrieved 2026-10-16. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}
Markdown citation
[Lakewood (Ohio), United States: population, rent, salary](https://immigrationdb.com/cities/us/lakewood-oh/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; version 268ad4b2bb378e361370d133c60ad5a3; retrieved 2026-10-16; built 2026-10-16.

This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.

Sources

JSON Markdown
  1. ACS 2020-2024 5-year table-based Summary File, tables B25065 (Aggregate Gross Rent) and B25063 (Gross Rent, units with cash rent) www2.census.gov · checked 2026-09-19
  2. ACS 2024 1-year table-based Summary File, table B20002 (Median Earnings in the Past 12 Months (in 2024 inflation-adjusted dollars) by Sex for the Population 16 Years and Over with Earnings) www2.census.gov · checked 2026-09-19
  3. ACS median gross rent api.censusreporter.org · checked 2026-07-04
  4. ACS total population api.censusreporter.org · checked 2026-07-04
  5. CDC BRFSS flu vaccination coverage data.cdc.gov · checked 2026-06-30
  6. CDC mammography screening rate data.cdc.gov · checked 2026-06-30
  7. Census Reporter (underlying U.S. Census ACS) api.censusreporter.org · checked 2026-08-03
  8. Census Reporter / U.S. Census Bureau api.censusreporter.org · checked 2026-08-03
  9. EPA AirData PM2.5 annual mean aqs.epa.gov · checked 2026-07-01
  10. FBI CDE/UCR crime statistics cde.ucr.cjis.gov · checked 2026-07-01
Show 26 more sources
  1. FBI CIUS Table 8 by City 2025 (CDE offenses-known-to-le-2025.zip) cde.ucr.cjis.gov · checked 2026-09-05
  2. FBI Crime Data Explorer / Uniform Crime Reporting cde.ucr.cjis.gov · checked 2026-08-04
  3. HRSA mental health provider ratio data.hrsa.gov · checked 2026-06-30
  4. NCES CCD public school count nces.ed.gov · checked 2026-06-30
  5. NOAA GHCN-Daily climate normals ncei.noaa.gov · checked 2026-06-30
  6. NOAA U.S. Monthly Climate Normals 1991-2020 — station USW00014820 (CLEVELAND) NOAA U.S. Monthly Climate Normals 1991-2020 · ncei.noaa.gov · checked 2026-07-31
  7. OpenFlights raw.githubusercontent.com · checked 2026-08-03
  8. OurAirports davidmegginson.github.io · checked 2026-08-03
  9. TIGERweb ACS2023 — Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas (CBSA, January 1 2023) TIGERweb ACS2023 · tigerweb.geo.census.gov · checked 2026-09-19
  10. U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program www2.census.gov · checked 2026-08-03
  11. Verizon 300 Mbps home internet verizon.com · checked 2026-09-15
  12. Visible unlimited mobile plan visible.com · checked 2026-09-15
  13. World Meteorological Organization / NOAA NCEI nodc.noaa.gov · checked 2026-08-03
  14. www.bls.gov bls.gov · checked 2026-08-27
  15. Census Reporter ACS 2020-2024 5-year, table B20002 (underlying U.S. Census Bureau ACS) api.censusreporter.org · checked 2026-09-11
  16. Census Reporter mirror of ACS 2024 5-year tables api.censusreporter.org · checked 2026-07-26
  17. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  18. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  19. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  20. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  21. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  22. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  23. Coordinate identity evidence wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-06
  24. EPA AQS annual PM2.5 monitor data 2024 aqs.epa.gov · checked 2026-07-26
  25. Wikidata identity and coordinates — Q1004747 Wikidata identity and coordinates · wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-05
  26. Wikidata identity and coordinates — Q1004761 Wikidata identity and coordinates · wikidata.org · checked 2026-09-05

Spotted a number that looks wrong? Every value here carries its source and date — tell us what you found and we will re-check it against the source.