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Living in Saint-Étienne

In Saint-Étienne, advertised rents for new lettings average €9.88 per m² a month (2025) and unemployment is 19% (2022).

Population density was 2,165.0 people per km² in 2023. The city had 137 schools in 2026. There were 94.7 physicians per 100,000 residents in 2024. Annual NO₂ was 16.7 µg/m³ in 2024. The unemployment rate was 19% at the end of 2022. In 2024, annual PM2.5 was 8.5 µg/m³. Its population was 173,136 at the start of 2023. The city covered 80 km² in 2026.

Last checked 2026-09-2429 sources

Population173,136people1 Jan 2023Official source · INSEE populations légales 2023 par commune
Median gross salary (region)2,749EUR/month31 Dec 2022Official source · www.insee.fr
Average net rent9.88EUR/m²/monthcountry median €11.60 — 15% belowOfficial source · "Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 2025
Unemployment rate18.95%country median 11.0% — 73% aboveOfficial source · INSEE RP2022 ACT1 — population active by type of activity, commune
Recorded crime9,440incidents per 100,000country median 4,740 — 99% aboveOfficial source · Base statistique communale de la délinquance enregistrée par la police et la gendarmerie nationales, 2025 (géographie 2026)
PM2.5, annual mean8.5µg/m³country median 8.5 — about the sameOfficial source · 2024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation.

Cheaper rent than 73% of French cities that publish it, higher unemployment than 92% of French cities that publish it and more recorded crime than 97% of French cities that publish it.

Which France-wide rules apply when you move to Saint-Étienne?

National rules stay on the country page instead of being relabelled as city data.

Visa and entry rulesPassport-specific entry and national residence context.BenefitsCountry-wide eligibility and official application routes.Taxes in FranceNational rates and thresholds that apply in Saint-Étienne.Healthcare eligibilityCountry-wide insurance and residence conditions.

Housing and cost

How much does it cost to rent in Saint-Étienne?

Average net cold rent is about 9.88 EUR/m² per month (2025-Q3), excluding heating and operating charges.

Published average over existing tenancies; a specific flat can sit either side of it. Asking-rent series, where present, are separate rows in the table.

  • Average net rent (nettokalt): 9.88 EUR/m²/month · "Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 20251
What recurs every month6 published recurring costs, € per month
Saint-Étienne recurring monthly costs, € per month

€ / month

Private kindergarten€522
Utilities, 85 m² flat€145
Transport pass€47
Internet, 60 Mbps€24
Fitness club€22
Mobile plan, 10 GB€20

Supplemental estimate lane, not official statistics: Utilities, 85 m² flat, Private kindergarten, Transport pass, Fitness club, Internet, 60 Mbps. The others are published prices.

Net rent across major citiesSaint-Étienne highlighted among comparable cities
Net rent across major cities with Saint-Étienne highlighted

net rent, € / m² / month

Paris€26.30
Nice€20.43
Lyon€16.57
Marseille€16.30
Toulouse€13.98
Saint-Étienne€9.88
Show the other 6 cities
Bordeaux€15.99
Lille€15.76
Strasbourg€15.57
Montpellier€15.49
Rennes€14.87
Nantes€14.50
MetricValuePeriodSource
Fitness club membership, monthly21.56 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v229Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Internet, 60 Mbps unlimited24.13 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v229Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Private kindergarten, monthly522.5 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v229Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Meal at an inexpensive restaurant12.94 EUR31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v229Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Mobile plan, 10 GB19.99 EUR/month30 Sept 2026Orange 100GB mobile plan23Official · national market
Monthly transport pass46.78 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v229Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Basic utilities, 85 m² home144.7 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v229Supplemental estimate · Supplemental context
Housing vacancy rate (legacy series)12,175 %31 Dec 2023INSEE10Official
Dwellings101,341 dwellings31 Dec 2023INSEE11Official
Main residence dwellings86,762 dwellings31 Dec 2023INSEE11Official
Housing vacancy rate12.01 %31 Dec 2023Logement en 2023 - Commune - France hors Mayotte17Official
Average net rent (nettokalt)9.88 EUR/m²/monthcountry median €11.6030 Sept 2025"Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 20251Official

Is Saint-Étienne a good place to live?

There is no universal answer. The profile scores below show who the available published evidence may suit; they are a decision aid, not a personal recommendation.

Try your profile
Remote worker51%strong on work, weak on safety · range 43–59%
Skilled employee61%strong on work, weak on safety · range 53–69%
Student63%strong on education, weak on safety · range 56–70%
Family48%strong on family, weak on cost · range 41–55%
Retirement46%strong on legal route, weak on admin · range 37–55%

Worked out from these numbers

What does a 60 m² flat cost?

About 593 EUR a month in cold rent at the published average of about 9.88 EUR/m² per month, before heating and operating charges.

Heating, water and operating charges come on top, and a specific flat can sit either side of an average.

Source period: 2025-Q3

Work and income

What is the unemployment rate in Saint-Étienne?

The unemployment rate is about 19 % (2022).

  • Unemployment rate: 18.95 % · INSEE RP2022 ACT1 — population active by type of activity, commune14
Unemployment across cities in FranceUnemployment in Saint-Étienne is 19.0%. Of 2,240 cities with data, 898 have unemployment of 5 to under 10%.

Unemployment rate (%)

MetricValuePeriodSource
Fibre-to-the-building availability96.23 %3 Aug 2026Arcep (Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques, des postes et de la distribution de la presse)4Official
Gigabit broadband availability98.32 %31 Mar 2026Independent ARCEP municipal count of premises eligible for the >=1 Gbit/s fixed advertised-speed class, divided by the ARCEP type=all municipal premises denominator. This is availability/eligibility, not adoption, measured speed, FTTH-only coverage or mobile coverage.9Official
Median gross salary (regional)2,749 EUR/month31 Dec 2022www.insee.fr28Official
Unemployment rate18.95 %country median 11.0%31 Dec 2022INSEE RP2022 ACT1 — population active by type of activity, commune14Official
Unemployment rate over time10 published observations, 2013–2022

Unemployment rate rose 2.8% between 2013 and 2022, from 18.4% to 19.0%.

What does a salary buy in Saint-Étienne?

Take-home pay after tax, minus rent and the everyday bills this city publishes. Each line names its source.

regional median gross pay: €2,749 (insee.fr, 2022-12-31).
Left over each month€1,253of €2,082 take-home
  • Rent
  • Utilities
  • Transport
  • Internet
  • Mobile
  • Left over
Line-by-line breakdown and sources
Each month€
Take-home payOECD Taxing Wages 2025, single, no children. Includes central and local income tax and employee social contributions.€2,082
Rent, 60 m²€9.88/m² · official · "Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 2025 · 2025-09-30− €593
Public transport pass€47 · market price · Global Cost of Living · 2022-12-31− €47
Utilities, 85 m²€145 · market price · Global Cost of Living · 2022-12-31− €145
Internet€24 · market price · Global Cost of Living · 2022-12-31− €24
Mobile plan€20 · official · Orange 100GB mobile plan · 2026-09-30− €20
Left over€1,253
Take-home pay for other salaries and households Compare with another city Check a job offer in Saint-Étienne Salary needed to live in Saint-Étienne

Public employment service

No exact public employment office is currently linked to Saint-Étienne. The verified national service may still offer online registration, job search or an official office finder.

Country-level information
Open the France service overview

Country-level service information is not treated as proof of a physical office in Saint-Étienne. Sources checked through 10 Aug 2026.

Family and education

MetricValuePeriodSource
Schools137 schools27 May 2026RNEE exact Code_commune; etat=OUVERT; code_nature 100-199 or 300-399; unique UAI count.25Official · commune
Primary schools90 count3 Aug 2026Ministère de l'Éducation nationale (data.education.gouv.fr)18Official
Schools161 count3 Aug 2026Ministère de l'Éducation nationale (data.education.gouv.fr)18Official

School for children who move here. School is compulsory from age 3 to 16. Newly arrived pupils get support in the school language: UPE2A (unités pédagogiques pour élèves allophones nouvellement arrivés) + UPE2A-NSA variant. How to enrol a child (education.gouv.fr).

A country-wide rule for France; Saint-Étienne's school authority applies it locally.

Sources: eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu · 2025–2026.

Healthcare

MetricValuePeriodSource
Primary care doctors per 100,000 residents94.72 per 100,000 people31 Dec 2024INSEE BPE 2024 commune equipment and PMUN denominator evidence12Official
GP practices66 count16 Sept 2026Annuaire Santé — RPPS authorized-practice extract3Official
Hospital beds per 100,000 residents905.9 beds per 100,00031 Dec 2011DREES / DGOS – Statistique Annuelle des Établissements de Santé (SAE) 20115Official
Hospitals5 count4 May 2026FINESS Extraction du fichier des établissements7Official
Pharmacies45 count4 May 2026FINESS Extraction du fichier des établissements7Official
Physicians per 100,000 residents94.72 per 100,00031 Dec 2024INSEE BPE 2024 commune equipment and PMUN denominator evidence12Official

Yes — migrants can receive medical care in Saint-Étienne when the national insurance or residence conditions are met.

Healthcare access follows the country-wide insurance rules; local capacity facts remain city data and are not used as proof of eligibility.

Open the official coverage guide
Hospital beds per 100,000 residents905.9 beds per 100,000Verified 2026-08-03
Country rule verified 2026-08-03.

Safety

How safe is Saint-Étienne?

Police recorded about 9,440 incidents per 100,000 (2025). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: Base statistique communale de la délinquance enregistrée par la police et la gendarmerie nationales, 2025 (géographie 2026)8

Recorded crime across major citiesSaint-Étienne highlighted among comparable cities
Recorded crime across major cities with Saint-Étienne highlighted

recorded incidents per 100k residents

Lille13,488
Lyon13,026
Bordeaux12,429
Marseille11,857
Paris10,987
Montpellier9,636
Saint-Étienne9,440
Toulouse8,875
Rennes8,241
Strasbourg7,791
Nantes7,704
Nice7,577
MetricValuePeriodSource
Burglaries per 100,000 residents995 incidents per 100,00031 Dec 2025FR-SSMSI-communal-20258Official
Recorded incidents per 100,000 residents9,440 incidents per 100,000country median 4,74031 Dec 2025Base statistique communale de la délinquance enregistrée par la police et la gendarmerie nationales, 2025 (géographie 2026)8Official
Violent crime per 100,000 residents1,443 incidents per 100,00031 Dec 2025FR-SSMSI-communal-20258Official

Mobility and administration

MetricValuePeriodSource
Destinations from nearest airport4 count3 Aug 2026OpenFlights22Official
Nearest airportEBU3 Aug 2026OurAirports24Official
Distance to nearest airport14 km3 Aug 2026OurAirports24Official

Language courses and integration

No exact city-level course record is currently published for Saint-Étienne. These verified national programmes may still apply; use the official programme page to check local availability.

Country-level information

Contrat d’intégration républicaine (CIR) — Integration course

État français and OFII

For eligible non-EU foreign residents.

FrenchIn Person
Open official information

DIAN language-training offer finder — Other

Réseau des Carif-Oref and DIAN

For people seeking French-language training.

FrenchIn Person, Online
Open official information
Open the full France section
National programme information is not treated as proof of a course location in Saint-Étienne.

Find courses near Saint-Étienne

Climate and air quality

Is the air quality good in Saint-Étienne?

The annual PM2.5 mean is about 8.5 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³. Source: 2024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation.2

Annual mean at the measuring site(s) serving the city; current-day readings differ.

Temperature through the yearAverage daytime high and night-time low, °C
Rainfall through the yearAverage monthly precipitation, mm
Sunshine through the yearAverage monthly sunshine, hours
Air quality vs health guidelinesAnnual means against WHO 2021 guidelines and EU legal limits

City values from the published air-quality observations. WHO 2021 guidelines and EU limit values are published constants.

PM2.5 across cities in FranceAnnual PM2.5 in Saint-Étienne is 8.5 µg/m³. Of 1,975 cities with data, 626 have annual PM2.5 of 8 to under 9 µg/m³.

Annual PM2.5 (µg/m³)

MetricValuePeriodSource
NO₂ — annual mean16.69 µg/m³country median 14.820242024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation.2Official
NO₂ — latest reading11.73 µg/m³15 Jul 2026Latest valid NO2 hourly station observation on the official LCSQA E2 current-day extract, mapped to the exact INSEE centre through an exact normalized station-name crosswalk to EEA station metadata.16Official
PM10 — annual mean14.67 µg/m³country median 14.220242024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation.2Official
PM2.5 — annual mean8.5 µg/m³country median 8.5 — about the same20242024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation.2Official
Annual mean temperature (modelled)10.2 °C2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology20Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
Annual precipitation (modelled)694 mm/year2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology20Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
January mean temperature (modelled)1.1 °C2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology20Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
January minimum temperature (modelled)-13.8 °C2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology20Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
July maximum temperature (modelled)38.6 °C2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology20Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
July mean temperature (modelled)20.37 °C2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology20Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
Daily precipitation rate (modelled)1.9 mm/day2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology20Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
Solar exposure (modelled)3.74 kWh/m²/day2001-2020NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology20Modelled grid data · coordinate-grid estimate
Average daytime high by monthJan 7.3 · Feb 8.8 · Mar 13.1 · Apr 16.3 · May 20.3 · Jun 24.5 · Jul 26.9 · Aug 26.9 · Sep 22.2 · Oct 17.3 · Nov 11.4 · Dec 8 °C1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station ST_ETIENNE-BOUTHEON27Official · nearest-station reading
Average night-time low by monthJan 0.3 · Feb 0.2 · Mar 2.6 · Apr 5 · May 9 · Jun 12.6 · Jul 14.4 · Aug 14.2 · Sep 10.7 · Oct 8.1 · Nov 3.7 · Dec 1.1 °C1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station ST_ETIENNE-BOUTHEON27Official · nearest-station reading
Average temperature by monthJan 3.8 · Feb 4.5 · Mar 7.8 · Apr 10.7 · May 14.6 · Jun 18.5 · Jul 20.7 · Aug 20.6 · Sep 16.4 · Oct 12.7 · Nov 7.6 · Dec 4.6 °C1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station ST_ETIENNE-BOUTHEON27Official · nearest-station reading
Average precipitation by monthJan 38.3 · Feb 30.3 · Mar 33.9 · Apr 55 · May 81.5 · Jun 80.8 · Jul 77.2 · Aug 72.8 · Sep 70.3 · Oct 76.2 · Nov 73 · Dec 39 mm1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station ST_ETIENNE-BOUTHEON27Official · nearest-station reading
Average sunshine by monthJan 81 · Feb 108 · Mar 162 · Apr 186 · May 213 · Jun 240 · Jul 275 · Aug 259 · Sep 193 · Oct 134 · Nov 87 · Dec 75 hours1991–2020WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station ST_ETIENNE-BOUTHEON27Official · nearest-station reading
Annual PM2.5 over time12 published observations, 2013–2024

Annual PM2.5 fell 29.2% between 2013 and 2024, from 12.0 to 8.5.

Similar climate. In France: Reims ±1.0 °C. Elsewhere: Werl (Germany) ±1.4 °C, Ettenheim (Germany) ±0.8 °C, Gengenbach (Germany) ±0.8 °C, Haslach im Kinzigtal (Germany) ±0.8 °C, Herbolzheim (Germany) ±0.8 °C. Twenty closest, compared month by month

Monthly highs and lows against the 1991–2020 station normals of the nearest station; ± is the average monthly difference.

Population and city profile

How many people live in Saint-Étienne?

The published population was 173,136 people in January 2023. Source: INSEE populations légales 2023 par commune13

Who lives hereResidents by nationality, % of population

Calculated from the population and foreign-resident facts on this page.

MetricValuePeriodSource
City area79.97 km²31 Dec 2026Séries historiques en 2023 — Recensement de la population, base des principaux indicateurs, communes de France hors Mayotte26Official
Foreign-resident share14.6 %31 Dec 2022Eurostat6Official
Foreign residents26,639 people2021Nationalité en 2021 — Base des tableaux détaillés — NAT121Official
Population density2,165 people/km²31 Dec 2023Séries historiques en 2023 — Recensement de la population, base des principaux indicateurs, communes de France hors Mayotte26Official
Population173,136 people1 Jan 2023INSEE populations légales 2023 par commune13Official
Foreign residents over time10 published observations, 2013–2022

Foreign residents rose 31.1% between 2013 and 2022, from 23,031 to 30,187.

International community in Saint-Étienne

Named groups from exact city-grain official distributions. Citizenship, birthplace, language and ancestry answer different questions and stay separate.

Citizenship

Population resident in France excluding Mayotte; INSEE RP2023 NAT; total age and sex · 2023 Census

Published groupPeopleShare
Total173,136100.0%
Français143,603.24482.9%
Etranger29,532.75617.1%

Largest published groups; zero-count groups are omitted. Dimensions are source-native and are never merged. Official source15

Additional context

MetricValuePeriodSource
Universities1 count3 Aug 2026Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (data.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr)19Official

Alternatives for people set on Saint-Étienne

Three places for the three reasons people leave a city on the shortlist: stay in the region, stay in the country, or keep the budget and change the country. A percentage appears only where both cities publish that metric from the same source, period and grain. Distances are straight lines — travel times are not collected yet.

Dijon as a Saint-Étienne alternative in the same country

Better on 3 of 6 metrics measured the same way, worse on 3. Rent cannot be compared like for like.

  • Recorded crime, per 100k: 6,069 Dijon vs 9,440 Saint-Étienne−36%
  • Unemployment: 12.8% Dijon vs 19.0% Saint-Étienne−32%
  • Rent: €12.04/m² Dijon vs €9.88/m² Saint-Étienneno percentage
  • Empty flats: 7.3% Dijon vs 12.0% Saint-Étienne−39%
  • Basic utilities, 85 m²: €208 Dijon vs €145 Saint-Étienne+44%
  • Foreign residents: 10.2% Dijon vs 14.6% Saint-Étienne−30%
  • Nearest airport: 8.0 km Dijon vs 14.0 km Saint-Étienne−43%
Full comparisonMore about Dijon

Alternative cities in France

Other cities in France to compare with Saint-Étienne, nearest in population first.

All France cities
Reims177,674 residents19th arrondissement of Paris178,691 residentsToulon179,116 residentsLe Havre166,687 residents13th arrondissement of Paris181,271 residentsParis 18 Buttes-Montmartre183,127 residents

How does Saint-Étienne compare?

Pick a city. The answer appears here and the address bar keeps it, so the comparison can be shared; the page stays Saint-Étienne's.

Open the full comparison

Saint-Étienne in rankings

#10 of 30 in Most international cities in France #17 of 30 in Major cities with the highest modelled solar exposure #19 of 30 in Major cities with the lowest modelled annual precipitation #21 of 30 in Largest cities in France #22 of 30 in Major cities with the hottest modelled July mean #23 of 27 in Major cities where the modelled January mean stays above freezing

Put Saint-Étienne's key facts on your site — a card with this page's figures and a link back, free under CC BY 4.0.

Common questions

Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.

How many people live in Saint-Étienne?

The published population was 173,136 people in January 2023. Source: INSEE populations légales 2023 par commune.

How much does it cost to rent in Saint-Étienne?

Average net cold rent is about 9.88 EUR/m² per month (2025-Q3), excluding heating and operating charges. For a 70 m² flat that is about 692 EUR a month before utilities. Source: "Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 2025.

Is the air quality good in Saint-Étienne?

The annual PM2.5 mean is about 8.5 µg/m³ (2024) — above the WHO 2021 guideline of 5 µg/m³ but within the EU limit of 25 µg/m³. Source: 2024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation..

How safe is Saint-Étienne?

Police recorded about 9,440 incidents per 100,000 (2025). This counts all offences, so it is not comparable with a violent-crime-only rate from another source. Source: Base statistique communale de la délinquance enregistrée par la police et la gendarmerie nationales, 2025 (géographie 2026).

What is the unemployment rate in Saint-Étienne?

The unemployment rate is about 19 % (2022). Source: INSEE RP2022 ACT1 — population active by type of activity, commune.

What is the typical salary around Saint-Étienne?

The median gross salary is 2,749 EUR/month. Source: www.insee.fr.

Is Saint-Étienne a good place to live?

Saint-Étienne may suit different people for different reasons. The page's profile scores compare published cost, work, housing, safety, healthcare and other available factors; they are a decision aid, not a universal recommendation.

How many people are in the Français citizenship group in Saint-Étienne?

The official citizenship distribution records 143,603.244 people (82.9%) in the source-defined population for 2023 Census. This is a citizenship measure, not a general estimate of ethnicity or migration status.

Cite this page

Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.

APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, October 25). Saint-Étienne, France: population, rent, salary, jobs, taxes [ImmigrationDB compilation; version cc5d6bbcf96aef750e5d02befb3502c6]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/cities/fr/saint-etienne/ Retrieved 2026-10-25. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_saint-etienne-france-population-rent-salary-jobs-taxes_d739e8e2e339,
  author = {ImmigrationDB},
  title = {Saint-Étienne, France: population, rent, salary, jobs, taxes},
  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-10-25},
  version = {cc5d6bbcf96aef750e5d02befb3502c6},
  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/cities/fr/saint-etienne/},
  note = {Retrieved 2026-10-25. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}
Markdown citation
[Saint-Étienne, France: population, rent, salary, jobs, taxes](https://immigrationdb.com/cities/fr/saint-etienne/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; version cc5d6bbcf96aef750e5d02befb3502c6; retrieved 2026-10-25; built 2026-10-25.

This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.

Sources

JSON Markdown
  1. "Carte des loyers" - Indicateurs de loyers d'annonce par commune en 2025 static.data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-09-18
  2. 2024 validated hourly NO2 station observations transformed to the exact INSEE commune centre by deterministic nearest-station selection and equal-weight aggregation. air.discomap.eea.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-15
  3. Annuaire Santé — RPPS authorized-practice extract Annuaire Santé · data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-09-16
  4. Arcep (Autorité de régulation des communications électroniques, des postes et de la distribution de la presse) data.arcep.fr · checked 2026-08-03
  5. DREES / DGOS – Statistique Annuelle des Établissements de Santé (SAE) 2011 data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-08-03
  6. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-02
  7. FINESS Extraction du fichier des établissements data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-09-15
  8. FR-SSMSI-communal-2025 static.data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-09-15
  9. Independent ARCEP municipal count of premises eligible for the >=1 Gbit/s fixed advertised-speed class, divided by the ARCEP type=all municipal premises denominator. This is availability/eligibility, not adoption, measured speed, FTTH-only coverage or mobile coverage. data.arcep.fr · checked 2026-03-31
  10. INSEE insee.fr · checked 2026-08-07
Show 19 more sources
  1. INSEE insee.fr · checked 2026-08-07
  2. INSEE BPE 2024 commune equipment and PMUN denominator evidence insee.fr · checked 2026-07-16
  3. INSEE populations légales 2023 par commune insee.fr · checked 2026-07-26
  4. INSEE RP2022 ACT1 — population active by type of activity, commune INSEE RP2022 ACT1 · insee.fr · checked 2026-07-26
  5. Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (INSEE), France api.insee.fr · checked 2026-08-30
  6. Latest valid NO2 hourly station observation on the official LCSQA E2 current-day extract, mapped to the exact INSEE centre through an exact normalized station-name crosswalk to EEA station metadata. files.data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-07-15
  7. Logement en 2023 - Commune - France hors Mayotte insee.fr · checked 2026-09-17
  8. Ministère de l'Éducation nationale (data.education.gouv.fr) data.education.gouv.fr · checked 2026-08-03
  9. Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (data.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr) data.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr · checked 2026-08-03
  10. NASA POWER 20-year meteorological and solar climatology NASA POWER · power.larc.nasa.gov · checked 2026-10-25
  11. Nationalité en 2021 — Base des tableaux détaillés — NAT1 Nationalité en 2021 · insee.fr · checked 2026-07-15
  12. OpenFlights raw.githubusercontent.com · checked 2026-08-03
  13. Orange 100GB mobile plan boutique.orange.fr · checked 2026-09-15
  14. OurAirports davidmegginson.github.io · checked 2026-08-03
  15. RNEE exact Code_commune; etat=OUVERT; code_nature 100-199 or 300-399; unique UAI count. data.gouv.fr · checked 2026-07-16
  16. Séries historiques en 2023 — Recensement de la population, base des principaux indicateurs, communes de France hors Mayotte Séries historiques en 2023 · insee.fr · checked 2026-09-24
  17. WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 — station ST_ETIENNE-BOUTHEON WMO Climatological Normals 1991-2020 · ncei.noaa.gov · checked 2026-07-31
  18. www.insee.fr insee.fr · checked 2026-08-27
  19. Global Cost of Living — Kaggle snapshot v2 Global Cost of Living · kaggle.com · checked 2026-07-27

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