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Moving to Belgium

Belgium country facts, largest cities, hub labels and reports.

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Across 198 passports, 93 passports enter visa-free and 105 passports need a visa for Belgium. Check your passport below.

Visa-free
93
Visa required
105

198 accepted passport rules · rules effective as of 2026-09-05

Visa and entry rules

Sources checked through 5 Sept 2026.

Work and income

What is the unemployment rate in Belgium?

The national unemployment rate was 6.2 % in 2025. Source: Eurostat — Unemployment by sex and age — annual data (une_rt_a)13

This is the Eurostat labour-force survey series used as the canonical national answer. Other published definitions exist and are shown in the table below.

What is the median gross salary in Belgium?

The median gross salary was 3,728 EUR/month in 2022-10.

Half of employees earn less than this. Mean gross and national-accounts averages use different definitions and are shown in the table below. national-accounts average — shown in the table below.

  • Median gross salary, monthly: 3,728 EUR/month · statbel.fgov.be37
  • Average gross salary, monthly: 3,685 EUR/month · 2026-07-25 · Eurostat — National accounts aggregates (nama_10_a10) and employment (nama_10_a10_e)12

What is the minimum wage in Belgium?

The statutory minimum wage is about 13.56 EUR/hour, gross (as of 2026-07). Source: SPF Emploi, Travail et Concertation sociale36

National statutory floor, gross, before tax and social contributions.

MetricValuePeriodSource
Median gross salary, monthly3,728 EUR/month31 Dec 2022statbel.fgov.be37Official · national figure
National unemployment rate6.2 %31 Dec 2025Eurostat — Unemployment by sex and age — annual data (une_rt_a)13Official · national figure
Minimum gross hourly wage13.56 EUR/hour27 Aug 2026SPF Emploi, Travail et Concertation sociale36Official · national figure
Unemployment across cities in BelgiumOf 506 cities with data, 160 have unemployment of 2 to under 4%.

Typical city (median): about 5.3%

unemployment rate, % · measured cities in Belgium per band1 city: 0% to under 2%10–2160 cities: 2% to under 4%1602–4123 cities: 4% to under 6%1234–670 cities: 6% to under 8%706–857 cities: 8% to under 10%578–1026 cities: 10% to under 12%2610–1220 cities: 12% to under 14%2012–1416 cities: 14% to under 16%1614–1613 cities: 16% to under 18%1316–1810 cities: 18% to under 20%1018–206 cities: 20% to under 22%620–223 cities: 22% to under 24%322–241 city: 24% to under 26%124–26

Unemployment rate (%)

Annual PM2.5 across cities in BelgiumOf 439 cities with data, 142 have annual PM2.5 of 8 to under 9 µg/m³.

Typical city (median): about 7.4 µg/m³

annual PM2.5, µg/m³ · measured cities in Belgium per band1 city: 2 µg/m³ to under 3 µg/m³12–317 cities: 3 µg/m³ to under 4 µg/m³173–473 cities: 4 µg/m³ to under 5 µg/m³734–557 cities: 5 µg/m³ to under 6 µg/m³575–654 cities: 6 µg/m³ to under 7 µg/m³546–783 cities: 7 µg/m³ to under 8 µg/m³837–8142 cities: 8 µg/m³ to under 9 µg/m³1428–912 cities: 9 µg/m³ to under 10 µg/m³129–10

Annual PM2.5 (µg/m³)

Recorded crime across cities in BelgiumOf 442 cities with data, 208 report 2500 to under 5000 incidents per 100,000 residents.

Typical city (median): about 5,136 incidents per 100,000 residents

recorded incidents per 100k residents · measured cities in Belgium per band4 cities: 0 incidents per 100,000 residents to under 2500 incidents per 100,000 residents40–2500208 cities: 2500 incidents per 100,000 residents to under 5000 incidents per 100,000 residents2082500–50002.5k–5k166 cities: 5000 incidents per 100,000 residents to under 7500 incidents per 100,000 residents1665000–75005k–7.5k48 cities: 7500 incidents per 100,000 residents to under 10000 incidents per 100,000 residents487500–100007.5k–10k11 cities: 10000 incidents per 100,000 residents to under 12500 incidents per 100,000 residents1110000–1250010k–12.5k4 cities: 12500 incidents per 100,000 residents to under 15000 incidents per 100,000 residents412500–1500012.5k–15k1 city: 22500 incidents per 100,000 residents to under 25000 incidents per 100,000 residents122500–2500022.5k–25k

Recorded incidents per 100,000 residents

Public employment service in Belgium

Official job-search, registration, counselling and training routes. Private recruitment agencies are not included.

Actiris — Public employment service

Actiris Brussels public employment service

Job Search

Le Forem — Public employment service

Le Forem Walloon public employment and training service

Job SearchRegistration

VDAB — Public employment service

Vlaamse Dienst voor Arbeidsbemiddeling en Beroepsopleiding

Job SearchRegistrationTraining

A national service does not prove that an office exists in every city. City pages show an office only after an exact address is linked to that city. Sources checked through 10 Aug 2026.

Taxes in Belgium

National rates and comparable published scenarios. Personal tax depends on income, household and residence circumstances.

What does an average earner take home in Belgium?

A single person on an average wage keeps about 37,691 EUR/year of about 62,348 EUR/year gross per year — 60.5% of pay.

Standardized OECD Taxing Wages (standardized scenario): single person, no children, earning the average wage. The same scenario is published for every covered country, so take-home shares compare directly.

Gross-to-net decomposition, 2025
ComponentAmount / year
Net wage earnings, kept37,691
Income taxes−15,932
Employee social contributions−8,725
Gross wage earnings62,348
  • Gross-to-net pay for a sample household: single person no children — 62,348 gross → 37,691 net a year (2025, national currency) · Taxing Wages 2026 — labour taxation decomposition
Top income-tax rate50 %
Corporate tax rate25 %
Employee income tax, yearly14,574 EUR/year
Employee social contributions, yearly11,924 EUR/year
Verified from the linked official or intergovernmental records. Open the primary source. Sources checked through 3 Aug 2026.

Benefits newcomers may qualify for in Belgium

Public schemes where an official source defines an eligible migration or residence status. Amounts and conditions are kept in their native terms.

ProgrammePublished amountSource and application

Allocations de chômage après une occupation — réglementation à partir du 01.03.2026 — Unemployment support

29.27–106.65 EUR / Daily

National Employment Office (ONEM/RVA)

Eligibility and amount details

The current ONEM T201 amount table gives published daily minimums from EUR 29.27 to EUR 76.55 and published daily maximums from EUR 75.30 to EUR 106.65 across household categories and benefit months 1–24. The actual daily amount is calculated from the last remuneration subject to the applicable salary ceiling and decreases by benefit period.

The current ONEM Spotlight study, section ‘Accès à l’assurance-chômage pour les non-Belges’, states: ‘les travailleurs étrangers ne peuvent bénéficier d'allocations que s'ils sont en possession d'un permis de séjour et de travail valable’; it also states: ‘les permis de travail qui ne donnent qu'un accès limité au marché de l'emploi ... ne donnent pas droit à des allocations de chômage complètes et illimitées’, while workers with a permit valid for several occupations or employers have in principle the same rights as Belgian nationals. . The claimant must additionally satisfy the current T200 rule of proving 312 days of work and/or assimilated days in the 36-month reference period and the other statutory availability and unemployment conditions.

Material reception assistance for applicants for international protection — Arrival and reception support

In-kind support

Fedasil / competent reception authority

Eligibility and amount details

The current Fedasil pages list an in-kind material-assistance package of food and accommodation, medical, psychological and social assistance, clothing and hygiene products, legal and interpreting support, plus a small weekly pocket-money payment. The official pocket-money page describes the adult amount as around EUR 8 per week and additional community-work remuneration as centre-dependent; no fixed national EUR rate is asserted.

The current Fedasil page states that applicants for international protection are entitled to reception during the entire period their application is being examined, and that the right to material assistance applies once the international-protection application has been submitted and expires at the end of the procedure. Fedasil's assigned-place and reception-eligibility screening conditions remain applicable and no broader migrant-resident status is inferred.

Revenu d'intégration sociale (RIS) — Minimum-income support

893.65–1,811.57 EUR / Monthly

Public Centre for Social Welfare (CPAS/OCMW)

Eligibility and amount details

The current Primabook RIS table valid from 1 March 2026 gives EUR 893.65 per month for Category 1, EUR 1,340.47 per month for Category 2 and EUR 1,811.57 per month for Category 3. The payable integration income is complementary after the CPAS means assessment and depends on the statutory beneficiary category and resources.

The official SPP Intégration sociale Primabook states that the exact source-defined migrant categories include ‘Réfugié reconnu’ and ‘Personne bénéficiant du statut de protection subsidiaire’; it also states that ‘Une personne reconnue comme apatride’ satisfies the nationality condition for the right to social integration. , subsidiary_protection_status_holder_in_belgium_for_social_integration_income and stateless_person_in_belgium_for_social_integration_income. The person must still have habitual and effective legal residence in Belgium, insufficient resources and the other statutory RIS conditions.

Vlaams Groeipakket — basisbedrag for children with temporary protection — Family and child support

184.62 EUR / Monthly

Agentschap Uitbetaling Groeipakket / selected Flemish Groeipakket payment fund

Eligibility and amount details

The current official Vlaanderen.be amounts page lists the Vlaams Groeipakket basic amount as EUR 184.62 per month for amounts applying from 1 September 2025. Other source-defined components such as the start amount, school bonus and social supplements are separate and are not folded into this basic-amount record.

The official GPedia guidance for displaced persons states: ‘Personen met de tijdelijke beschermingsstatus voldoen onmiddellijk vanaf de machtiging tot verblijf aan de verblijfsvoorwaarde gezinsbijslagen Groeipakket.’ The same guidance defines the temporary-protection route for Ukrainians and specified family members and explains the Belgian municipality/foreigners-register and A-card steps. The current Vlaanderen.be page for children with non-Belgian nationality confirms that the child must meet the source-defined residence conditions. and does not broaden that status to generic family reunification, lawful residence or every foreign child.

Vlaamse huurpremie voor kandidaat-huurders van een sociale woning — Housing support

Amount set per household by formula / Monthly

Wonen in Vlaanderen — Team Huurpremie

Eligibility and amount details

Formula: Vlaamse Huurpremie = reference rent minus own contribution; the reference rent equals 75% of the maximum rent and the own contribution equals 1/55 of annual income. For 2026 the maximum is EUR 188.10 plus EUR 31.35 per dependent up to the fourth dependent, or EUR 206.91 plus EUR 34.48 per dependent in specified municipalities. The actual amount varies with annual income, household composition and municipality.

The official Flemish social-housing allocation rules state: ‘De kandidaat-huurder is ingeschreven in het bevolkings- of vreemdelingenregister’; the same section notes that, at allocation, recognized refugees must be registered in the foreigners register. The official Flemish Huurpremie page separately requires at least four uninterrupted years on the social-housing waiting list with a woonmaatschappij. , subject to the source-defined waiting-list, main-residence, rent, income and household conditions; it does not broaden the status to every lawful resident or every foreign national.

ImmigrationDB shows published rules; it does not decide personal eligibility. Confirm your status, contribution record and household circumstances with the responsible authority before applying. Sources checked through 12 Aug 2026.

Can migrants receive medical care in Belgium?

Yes — migrants can receive medical care in Belgium when the official insurance or residence conditions are met.

Verified 2026-08-03. Open the official coverage rules.

Language courses and integration in Belgium

Government programmes, public integration services and exact provider records. The section expands only from fields present in the source; missing prices, refunds or contacts are not replaced with estimates.

7verified programmes
3cities with exact local records
8verified location records
7listed providers

Brussels newcomer integration programme — Welcome Program

Brussels-Capital recognized integration offices

For newcomers in Brussels-Capital Region.

French, DutchIn Personfree

CERCO adult French reinforcement and orientation — Municipal language course

Ville de Liège / Instruction publique / CERCO

For adults from age 18, adults preparing further training or orientation.

FrenchIn Person

Dutch practice lesson at De Nomade Leuven — Newcomer Adaptation

Stad Leuven / De Nomade

For adults whose first language is not Dutch, people waiting for or starting NT2.

DutchIn Personfree

Dutch practice opportunities in Bruges — Newcomer Adaptation

Stad Brugge

For non-native Dutch-speaking residents.

DutchIn Personfree

Dutch-course orientation in Brussels — Other

Huis van het Nederlands Brussel

For adults seeking Dutch courses.

DutchIn Person

Flemish integration pathway — Integration course

Agentschap Integratie en Inburgering and city agencies

For newcomers in Flanders and Brussels.

DutchIn Personvaries
Country programmes describe the national or named local framework. Availability in a city is shown only when a source names that place exactly. Sources checked through 2026-08-10.

Belgium cities by population

The largest published cities appear first. Population is taken from the reusable official city layer; hub labels come from the existing city taxonomy.

Open city finder
CityPopulationNet rent, €/m²/monthMedian gross salary, €/month
Anvers565,615PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Antwerp562,002PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Gand274,042Population2.30Net rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Gent272,657PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Charleroi206,900PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
BruxellesCapital hub198,674PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Liège198,102PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Anderlecht129,600PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Schaerbeek129,278PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Bruges120,458Population1.72Net rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Brugge120,283PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Namur115,457Population2.04Net rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Louvain105,357PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Leuven104,906PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Molenbeek-Saint-Jean98,411PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Mons97,745PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Alost (Alost)93,094PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Aalst92,131PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Hasselt90,914PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Malines90,355PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
All published cities in Belgium

Reports with this country

Accepted report pages with a row for this country.

All reports
Foreign residents1,668,807 people31 Dec 2025Official source · Eurostat
Population11,858,610 people31 Dec 2024Official source · World Bank
Median gross salary, monthly3,728 EUR/month31 Dec 2022Official source · statbel.fgov.be
National unemployment rate6.2 %31 Dec 2025Official source · Eurostat — Unemployment by sex and age — annual data (une_rt_a)
Public healthcare access for foreign residentsConditional3 Aug 2026Official source · Belgium.be, Government of Belgium
Area30,689 km²31 Dec 2023Official source · World Bank
75 country facts · 744 cities · Last checked 2026-09-06

Belgium facts

Current source-backed observations, grouped the way the city pages are, with geographic scope and observation periods.

Population and profile

How many people live in Belgium?

The published population was 11,858,610 people in 2024. Source: World Bank41

National, resident population scope. Foreign-resident and migration-background figures are separate metrics in the table below.

How many foreign residents live in Belgium?

The foreign-resident population was 1,668,807 people in 2025. Source: Eurostat7

Residents without Belgium citizenship. The migration-background population is a broader measure and appears in the table below.

MetricValuePeriodSource
Foreign residents1,668,807 people31 Dec 2025Eurostat7Official · national figure
Population11,858,610 people31 Dec 2024World Bank41Official · national figure

Legal, tax and other context

MetricValuePeriodSource
Public healthcare access for foreign residentsConditional3 Aug 2026Belgium.be, Government of Belgium2Official · national figure
Area30,689 km²31 Dec 2023World Bank42Official · national figure
Cost level against the capital108 index (EU27=100)31 Dec 2024Eurostat — Comparative price levels and HICP (prc_ppp_ind, prc_hicp_midx)9Official · national
Gross-to-net pay for a sample householdsingle person no children — 62,348 gross → 37,691 net a year (2025, national currency)31 Dec 2025Taxing Wages 2026 — labour taxation decomposition38Official · country household scenario
Population by year11,617,623 people (2022)1 Jan 2022Population on 1 January by age and sex (DEMO_PJAN)35Official · country annual series
Salary by professionElementary occupations — 3,677 EUR/month (2024)31 Dec 2024ILOSTAT — Average monthly earnings of employees by sex, occupation and currency (annual)23Official · country occupation
Doctors per 1,000 residents3.57 per 1,00031 Dec 2022World Bank indicator SH.MED.PHYS.ZS44Official · national figure
Household electricity price0.405 EUR/kWh31 Dec 2024Eurostat — Household energy prices (nrg_pc_204 electricity, nrg_pc_202 gas)11Official · national
People employed in agriculture, forestry and fishing56,600 people2024ec.europa.eu3Official · national figure
People employed in mining and quarrying2,300 people2024ec.europa.eu3Official · national figure
People employed in manufacturing496,300 people2024ec.europa.eu3Official · national figure
People employed in electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning19,900 people2024ec.europa.eu3Official · national figure
People employed in water supply, sewerage and waste management36,600 people2024ec.europa.eu3Official · national figure
People employed in construction292,900 people2024ec.europa.eu3Official · national figure
People employed in wholesale and retail trade; motor vehicle and motorcycle repair570,300 people2024ec.europa.eu3Official · national figure
People employed in transportation and storage276,100 people2024ec.europa.eu3Official · national figure
People employed in accommodation and food services155,900 people2024ec.europa.eu3Official · national figure
People employed in information and communication136,300 people2024ec.europa.eu3Official · national figure
People employed in finance and insurance108,000 people2024ec.europa.eu3Official · national figure
People employed in real estate29,000 people2024ec.europa.eu3Official · national figure
People employed in professional, scientific and technical services708,100 people2024ec.europa.eu3Official · national figure
People employed in administrative and support services479,700 people2024ec.europa.eu3Official · national figure
People employed in public administration, defence and compulsory social security459,500 people2024ec.europa.eu3Official · national figure
People employed in education440,700 people2024ec.europa.eu3Official · national figure

Common questions

Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.

What is the unemployment rate in Belgium?

The national unemployment rate was 6.2 % in 2025. Source: Eurostat — Unemployment by sex and age — annual data (une_rt_a).

How many people live in Belgium?

The published population was 11,858,610 people in 2024. Source: World Bank.

What is the median gross salary in Belgium?

The median gross salary was 3,728 EUR/month in 2022-10. Source: statbel.fgov.be.

What is the minimum wage in Belgium?

The statutory minimum wage is about 13.56 EUR/hour, gross (as of 2026-07). Source: SPF Emploi, Travail et Concertation sociale.

Cite this page

Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.

APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, September 12). Moving to Belgium: salary, cost of living [ImmigrationDB compilation; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/countries/belgium/ Retrieved 2026-09-12. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_moving-to-belgium-salary-cost-of-living_0575fd4e1e1f,
  author = {ImmigrationDB},
  title = {Moving to Belgium: salary, cost of living},
  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-09-12},
  version = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  snapshot = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/countries/belgium/},
  note = {Retrieved 2026-09-12. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}
Markdown citation
[Moving to Belgium: salary, cost of living](https://immigrationdb.com/countries/belgium/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; retrieved 2026-09-12; built 2026-09-12.

This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.

Sources

Every number above comes from one of these records. Open the original source for its geographic scope and publication date.

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  3. ec.europa.eu ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-12
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  9. Eurostat — Comparative price levels and HICP (prc_ppp_ind, prc_hicp_midx) Eurostat · ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-14
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Show 39 more sources
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  3. Eurostat — Unemployment by sex and age — annual data (une_rt_a) Eurostat · ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-26
  4. Eurostat crim_off_cat (ICCS0101, NR) ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-09-05
  5. Eurostat demo_pjan ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-09-05
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  16. OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Innovation sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-08-07
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  21. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-08-05
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  24. Physicians (per 1,000 people) data.worldbank.org · checked 2026-08-13
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  28. Taxing Wages 2026 — labour taxation decomposition Taxing Wages 2026 · sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-07-29
  29. WHO GHO RS_196/RS_198 ghoapi.azureedge.net · checked 2026-09-05
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  32. World Bank api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-08-02
  33. World Bank indicator NY.GDP.PCAP.CD api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-07-14
  34. World Bank indicator SH.MED.PHYS.ZS api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-07-14
  35. World Bank indicator SP.DYN.LE00.IN api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-07-14
  36. World Bank Open Data api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-08-07
  37. World Bank Open Data api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-08-07
  38. World Bank SP.POP.TOTL api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-09-05
  39. OECD — Taxing Wages (DF_TAXINGWAGES) tax wedge and net income OECD · oecd.org · checked 2026-07-14