Moving to Germany
Germany country facts, largest cities, hub labels and reports.
Can I move to Germany?
Across 199 passports, 94 passports enter visa-free and 105 passports need a visa for Germany. Check your passport below.
- Visa-free
- 94
- Visa required
- 105
Entry.
Living & working.
Official requirements [12] · Visitor-entry rules
Residence rules and exceptions
| Citizenship / situation | Starting point |
|---|---|
| EU / EEA citizenship | Free movement; longer residence has conditions.[11] |
| Swiss citizenship | Separate Swiss arrangements, including residence documentation for longer stays.[11] |
| Other citizenship | Check work, study or family requirements. Some nationalities can apply after entry; this is not permission to start work.[12][13] |
| Existing status or family rights | A passport alone cannot establish your eligibility. Check the relevant authority’s guidance. |
These are national starting points, not an eligibility decision. Long-stay residence, work authorisation and in-country application rules differ by route; a visa-free visit never settles them. Check the route that matches your purpose and circumstances with the responsible authority.
Visa and entry rules
Sources checked through 28 Aug 2026.
Work and income
What is the unemployment rate in Germany?
The national unemployment rate was 3.8 % in 2025. Source: Eurostat — Unemployment by sex and age — annual data (une_rt_a)22
This is the Eurostat labour-force survey series used as the canonical national answer. Other published definitions exist and are shown in the table below.
What is the median gross salary in Germany?
The median gross salary was 4,013 EUR/month in 2024.
Half of employees earn less than this. Mean gross and national-accounts averages use different definitions and are shown in the table below. mean gross earnings; national-accounts average — shown in the table below.
- Median gross salary, monthly: 4,013 EUR/month · Analyse zur Entgeltstatistik 20241
- Average gross earnings: 4,851 EUR/month · 2026-08-27 · Statistisches Bundesamt (Destatis)52
- Average gross salary, monthly: 3,519 EUR/month · 2026-07-25 · Eurostat — National accounts aggregates (nama_10_a10) and employment (nama_10_a10_e)21
What is the minimum wage in Germany?
The statutory minimum wage is 12.82 EUR/hour, gross (as of 2025). Source: OECD36
National statutory floor, gross, before tax and social contributions.
| Metric | Value | Period | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median gross salary, monthly | 4,013 EUR/month | 31 Dec 2024 | Analyse zur Entgeltstatistik 20241Official · national figure |
| National unemployment rate | 3.8 % | 31 Dec 2025 | Eurostat — Unemployment by sex and age — annual data (une_rt_a)22Official · national figure |
| Minimum gross hourly wage | 12.82 EUR/hour | 31 Dec 2025 | OECD36Official · national figure |
Typical city (median): about 5.1%
Unemployment rate (%)
Typical city (median): about €6.56
Net rent (€/m²/month)
Typical city (median): about 8.0 µg/m³
Annual PM2.5 (µg/m³)
Typical city (median): about 9,284 incidents per 100,000 residents
Recorded incidents per 100,000 residents
Public employment service in Germany
Official job-search, registration, counselling and training routes. Private recruitment agencies are not included.
Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Public employment service
A national service does not prove that an office exists in every city. City pages show an office only after an exact address is linked to that city. Sources checked through 10 Aug 2026.
Taxes in Germany
National rates and comparable published scenarios. Personal tax depends on income, household and residence circumstances.
What does an average earner take home in Germany?
A single person on an average wage keeps about 40,902 EUR/year of about 66,700 EUR/year gross per year — 61.3% of pay.
Standardized OECD Taxing Wages (standardized scenario): single person, no children, earning the average wage. The same scenario is published for every covered country, so take-home shares compare directly.
| Component | Amount / year |
|---|---|
| Net wage earnings, kept | 40,902 |
| Employee social contributions | −14,314 |
| Income taxes | −11,484 |
| Gross wage earnings | 66,700 |
- Gross-to-net pay for a sample household: single person no children — 66,700 gross → 40,902 net a year (2025, national currency) · Taxing Wages 2026 — labour taxation decomposition
Benefits newcomers may qualify for in Germany
Public schemes where an official source defines an eligible migration or residence status. Amounts and conditions are kept in their native terms.
| Programme | Published amount | Source and application |
|---|---|---|
Arbeitslosengeld I — Unemployment support | Percentage-based / Daily | |
Eligibility and amount detailsThe 2026 Bundesagentur für Arbeit leaflet states 60% of calculated Leistungsentgelt, increased to 67% where the claimant or spouse/partner has at least one child. The Bundesagentur für Arbeit states that a person without German citizenship must either be an EU/EEA/Swiss national or hold a valid settlement or residence permit allowing work in Germany, in addition to meeting the ordinary unemployment-benefit conditions. | ||
Grundsicherungsgeld nach SGB II (formerly Bürgergeld) — Minimum-income support | 357–563 EUR / Monthly | |
Eligibility and amount detailsThe BMAS 2026 standard-need table gives EUR 563 for an adult living alone, EUR 506 per adult in a couple, EUR 451 for an adult aged 18–24 or in a stationary setting, EUR 471 for ages 14–17, EUR 390 for ages 6–13 and EUR 357 for children under 6; appropriate accommodation and heating costs may be added under the published SGB II rules. The Bundesagentur für Arbeit states that a third-country national with a residence title that entitles them to Germany's basic income support may receive the SGB II benefit, provided the general conditions of ability to work, need and residence in Germany are met. It expressly excludes people supported under the Asylum Seekers Benefits Act. exact third-country residence-title profile and does not turn a generic lawful residence or asylum application into a public eligibility status. | ||
Kindergeld (Child benefit) — Family and child support | 259 EUR / Monthly | |
Eligibility, amount and sourcesThe current Bundesagentur für Arbeit Kindergeld page states EUR 259 per child per month for 2026. The official Bundesagentur für Arbeit page for foreign nationals in Germany states that third-country citizens may qualify if they have a valid settlement or residence permit allowing work in Germany (‘gültige Niederlassungs- oder Aufenthaltserlaubnis, mit der sie in Deutschland arbeiten dürfen’), subject to the family-benefit conditions and individual Familienkasse review. and does not generalize the rule to every lawful resident. Amount: Bundesministerium der Justiz — Gesetze im Internet, checked 2026-08-07 | ||
Leistungen nach dem Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz (AsylbLG) — Arrival and reception support | 309–455 EUR / Monthly | |
Eligibility and amount detailsThe BMAS and Sozialplattform 2026 AsylbLG tables give total monthly basic rates by Bedarfsstufe from EUR 455 for Bedarfsstufe 1 through EUR 309 for Bedarfsstufe 6, combining the published necessary-needs and personal-needs components; the applicable category depends on household and age circumstances. The official Sozialplattform states that an asylum seeker in Germany may be entitled to benefits under the Asylum Seekers Benefits Act when the published means and residence conditions are met. It also says that a person with a Duldung in Germany may receive benefits under the Asylum Seekers Benefits Act while the Duldung procedure is running, subject to the published conditions. bounded profiles asylum_seeker_in_germany_under_asylblg and duldung_holder_in_germany_under_asylblg; it does not treat general non-German residence or a negative SGB-II condition as an entitlement status. | ||
Wohngeld — Housing support | Amount set per household by formula / Monthly | |
Eligibility and amount detailsWohngeld is calculated from household members, qualifying rent, income and the statutory local rent level; the competent local authority makes the decision, so no representative national amount is invented. The current-state locator is 2026-08-10. Wohngeldgesetz §3(5) states that foreign nationals who actually stay in Germany may qualify when they have EU free-movement residence, a residence title or toleration, a treaty-based right of residence, asylum Aufenthaltsgestattung, or one of the listed equivalent statuses, subject to statutory exclusions. | ||
ImmigrationDB shows published rules; it does not decide personal eligibility. Confirm your status, contribution record and household circumstances with the responsible authority before applying. Sources checked through 12 Aug 2026.
Can migrants receive medical care in Germany?
Yes — migrants receive medical care through valid health insurance.
- Work and EU Blue Card
- Employees normally need valid German health insurance; the statutory or private route depends on the applicable insurance rules.
- Study
- Students need proof of valid health insurance. Age, previous cover and the study route can change the available insurance path.
- Family
- Eligible spouses and children may use family co-insurance; otherwise they need their own valid cover.
- Short stay
- EHIC may apply to eligible European visitors; other short stays normally rely on travel medical insurance.
Language courses and integration in Germany
Government programmes, public integration services and exact provider records. The section expands only from fields present in the source; missing prices, refunds or contacts are not replaced with estimates.
BAMF Integrationskurse — Integration course
Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge (BAMF)
For eligible migrants.
BAMF job-related German courses — Job-related language course
Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge (BAMF)
For migrants needing job-related German.
German and integration course guidance in Cologne — Integration course
Stadt Köln / Amt für Integration und Vielfalt / VHS Köln
For immigrants, newcomers.
German-course guidance for immigrants in Berlin — Integration course
Land Berlin / Willkommenszentrum
For immigrants, refugees, adult newcomers.
Integration courses in Hamburg — Integration course
Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg / Sozialbehörde
For immigrants, refugees, adults without access to federal integration courses.
Integration courses in Munich — Integration course
Landeshauptstadt München / Servicestelle für Zuwanderung und Einbürgerung
For immigrants with little or no German, adult newcomers.
Living and moving context for Germany
Germany had GDP per capita of US$60,496 in 2025 and life expectancy of 80.8 years in 2024. The national unemployment rate was 3.8% in 2025. Average gross salary was €3,519 per month in 2024, and there were 4.534 doctors per 1,000 people in 2022. The national median gross salary was €4,013 per month in December 2024, while national median net income was €1,900 per month in 2024. Germany recorded 6,995 offences per 100,000 people in 2024 as its national crime rate.
Germany cities by population
The largest published cities appear first. Population is taken from the reusable official city layer; hub labels come from the existing city taxonomy.
All published cities in Germany
Reports with this country
Accepted report pages with a row for this country.
Germany facts
Current source-backed observations, grouped the way the city pages are, with geographic scope and observation periods.
Population and profile
How many people live in Germany?
The published population was 83,516,593 people in 2024. Source: World Bank56
National, resident population scope. Foreign-resident and migration-background figures are separate metrics in the table below.
How many foreign residents live in Germany?
The foreign-resident population was 12,392,275 people in 2025. Source: Eurostat12
Residents without Germany citizenship. The migration-background population is a broader measure and appears in the table below.
Legal, tax and other context
| Metric | Value | Period | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Average gross earnings | 4,851 EUR/month | 31 Dec 2025 | Statistisches Bundesamt (Destatis)52Official · national figure |
| Statutory health insurance rate | 14.6 % | 3 Aug 2026 | Federal Ministry of Health (BMG), Germany28Official · national figure |
| Public healthcare access for foreign residents | Conditional | 3 Aug 2026 | Gesetze im Internet (Bundesministerium der Justiz), SGB V29Official · national figure |
| Annual sunshine | 1,650 hours/year | 31 Dec 2024 | DWD Deutscher Wetterdienst7Official · national figure |
| Annual mean temperature | 10.4 °C | 31 Dec 2024 | DWD Deutscher Wetterdienst7Official · national figure |
| Area | 357,680 km² | 31 Dec 2023 | World Bank57Official · national figure |
| Cost level against the capital | 105.7 index (EU27=100) | 31 Dec 2024 | Eurostat — Comparative price levels and HICP (prc_ppp_ind, prc_hicp_midx)18Official · national figure |
| Gross-to-net pay for a sample household | single person no children — 66,700 gross → 40,902 net a year (2025, national currency) | 31 Dec 2025 | Taxing Wages 2026 — labour taxation decomposition53Official · country household scenario |
| Population by year | 83,019,213 people (2019) | 1 Jan 2019 | Population on 1 January by age and sex (DEMO_PJAN)51Official · country annual series |
| Religious affiliation of residents | Other, no affiliation, no answer — 51.8 % (2022) | 15 May 2022 | Bevölkerung nach Religionszugehörigkeit — Anteil je Gemeinde2Official · country religion category |
| Salary by profession | Technicians and associate professionals — 3,237 EUR/month (2022) | 31 Dec 2022 | Mean monthly earnings by sex, occupation and size class of the enterprise (2022)33Official · country occupation |
| Doctors per 1,000 residents | 4.53 per 1,000 | 31 Dec 2022 | World Bank indicator SH.MED.PHYS.ZS60Official · national figure |
| Household electricity price | 0.387 EUR/kWh | 31 Dec 2025 | Eurostat13Official · national figure |
| People employed in agriculture, forestry and fishing | 565,000 people | 2024 | ec.europa.eu8Official · national figure |
| People employed in mining and quarrying | 39,000 people | 2024 | ec.europa.eu8Official · national figure |
| People employed in manufacturing | 7,413,000 people | 2024 | ec.europa.eu8Official · national figure |
| People employed in electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning | 303,000 people | 2024 | ec.europa.eu8Official · national figure |
| People employed in water supply, sewerage and waste management | 307,000 people | 2024 | ec.europa.eu8Official · national figure |
| People employed in construction | 2,605,000 people | 31 Dec 2024 | Eurostat14Official · national figure |
| People employed in wholesale and retail trade; motor vehicle and motorcycle repair | 5,807,000 people | 31 Dec 2024 | Eurostat14Official · national figure |
| People employed in transportation and storage | 2,411,000 people | 31 Dec 2024 | Eurostat14Official · national figure |
| People employed in accommodation and food services | 1,856,000 people | 31 Dec 2024 | Eurostat14Official · national figure |
| People employed in information and communication | 1,571,000 people | 31 Dec 2024 | Eurostat14Official · national figure |
| People employed in finance and insurance | 1,086,000 people | 31 Dec 2024 | Eurostat14Official · national figure |
Common questions
Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.
What is the unemployment rate in Germany?
The national unemployment rate was 3.8 % in 2025. Source: Eurostat — Unemployment by sex and age — annual data (une_rt_a).
How many people live in Germany?
The published population was 83,516,593 people in 2024. Source: World Bank.
What is the median gross salary in Germany?
The median gross salary was 4,013 EUR/month in 2024. Source: Analyse zur Entgeltstatistik 2024.
What is the minimum wage in Germany?
The statutory minimum wage is 12.82 EUR/hour, gross (as of 2025). Source: OECD.
Cite this page
Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.
APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, September 12). Moving to Germany: salary, cost of living [ImmigrationDB compilation; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/countries/germany/ Retrieved 2026-09-12. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_moving-to-germany-salary-cost-of-living_80b43d95834d,
author = {ImmigrationDB},
title = {Moving to Germany: salary, cost of living},
publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
year = {2026},
date = {2026-09-12},
version = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
snapshot = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
url = {https://immigrationdb.com/countries/germany/},
note = {Retrieved 2026-09-12. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}Markdown citation
[Moving to Germany: salary, cost of living](https://immigrationdb.com/countries/germany/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; retrieved 2026-09-12; built 2026-09-12.This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.
Sources
Every number above comes from one of these records. Open the original source for its geographic scope and publication date.
- Analyse zur Entgeltstatistik 2024 statistik.arbeitsagentur.de · checked 2026-07-26
- Bevölkerung nach Religionszugehörigkeit — Anteil je Gemeinde Bevölkerung nach Religionszugehörigkeit · destatis.de · checked 2026-07-30
- BMF — Lohnsteuer-Rechner, Programmablaufplan 2026 and Lohnsteuertabellen (Steuerklassen I-VI, 16 Bundesländer) BMF · bmf-steuerrechner.de · checked 2026-06-12
- Bundesministerium der Justiz — Gesetze im Internet Bundesministerium der Justiz · gesetze-im-internet.de · checked 2026-08-07
- Destatis Zensus 2022 religion by municipality destatis.de · checked 2026-05-28
- Drucksache 21/3658 dserver.bundestag.de · checked 2026-08-10
- DWD Deutscher Wetterdienst dwd.de · checked 2026-05-29
- ec.europa.eu ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-12
- ec.europa.eu ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-12
- EF EPI ef.com · checked 2026-08-03
- Make it in Germany — EU, EEA and Swiss citizens
Free-movement conditions and the separate Swiss residence-document route. National framework; personal circumstances still apply.
- Make it in Germany — visa and residence routes
National guidance; check the actual route and personal conditions before acting.
- Residence Ordinance, §41
Entry and in-country residence-title applications. The employment limitations remain relevant.
- Make it in Germany — registering your address
National registration obligation with local procedure details; not a residence-permit decision.
Show 54 more sources
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- Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-20
- Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-03
- Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-08
- Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-03
- Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-07
- Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-03
- Eurostat — Comparative price levels and HICP (prc_ppp_ind, prc_hicp_midx) Eurostat · ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-06-12
- Eurostat — Distribution of income by household composition (ilc_di04) Eurostat · ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-26
- Eurostat — Household energy prices (nrg_pc_204 electricity, nrg_pc_202 gas) Eurostat · ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-06-12
- Eurostat — National accounts aggregates (nama_10_a10) and employment (nama_10_a10_e) Eurostat · ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-26
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- Eurostat crim_off_cat (ICCS0101, NR) ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-09-05
- Eurostat demo_pjan ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-09-05
- Eurostat earn_mw_cur ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-09-06
- Eurostat hbs_exp_t121 ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-09-06
- Eurostat ilc_di03 ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-09-06
- Federal Ministry of Health (BMG), Germany bundesgesundheitsministerium.de · checked 2026-08-03
- Gesetze im Internet (Bundesministerium der Justiz), SGB V gesetze-im-internet.de · checked 2026-08-03
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- Hospital beds (per 1,000 people) data.worldbank.org · checked 2026-08-13
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- Mean monthly earnings by sex, occupation and size class of the enterprise (2022) ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-07-30
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