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Moving to United Kingdom

United Kingdom country facts, largest cities, hub labels and reports.

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Across 199 passports, 7 passports enter visa-free, 78 passports need an ETA, 4 passports need an eVisa and 110 passports need a visa for United Kingdom. Check your passport below.

Visa-free
7
ETA
78
eVisa
4
Visa required
110

199 accepted passport rules · rules effective as of 2026-07-15

Visa and entry rules

Sources checked through 28 Aug 2026.

Work and income

What is the unemployment rate in United Kingdom?

The national unemployment rate was about 4.7 % in 2025.

This is the World Bank / ILO modelled estimate series used as the canonical national answer. Other published definitions exist and are shown in the table below.

  • National unemployment rate: 4.75 % · Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate), 202536

What is the median gross salary in United Kingdom?

The median gross salary was about 3,250 EUR/month in 2025.

Half of employees earn less than this. Mean gross and national-accounts averages use different definitions and are shown in the table below. national-accounts average — shown in the table below.

  • Median gross salary, monthly: 3,250 EUR/month · Office for National Statistics — ASHE Table 7.1a, 2025 provisional26
  • Average gross salary, monthly: 4,442 EUR/month · 2026-07-25 · Average annual wages1

What is the minimum wage in United Kingdom?

The statutory minimum wage is 17.87 EUR/hour, gross (as of 2026-04). Source: UK Government35

National statutory floor, gross, before tax and social contributions.

MetricValuePeriodSource
Median gross salary, monthly3,250 EUR/month30 Apr 2025Office for National Statistics — ASHE Table 7.1a, 2025 provisional26Official · national figure
National unemployment rate4.75 %31 Dec 2025Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate), 202536Official · national figure
Minimum gross hourly wage17.87 EUR/hour27 Aug 2026UK Government35Official · national figure
Unemployment across cities in United KingdomOf 384 cities with data, 230 have unemployment of 2 to under 4%.

Typical city (median): about 3.5%

unemployment rate, % · measured cities in United Kingdom per band9 cities: 0% to under 2%90–2230 cities: 2% to under 4%2302–4107 cities: 4% to under 6%1074–630 cities: 6% to under 8%306–84 cities: 8% to under 10%48–103 cities: 10% to under 12%310–121 city: 16% to under 18%116–18

Unemployment rate (%)

Annual PM2.5 across cities in United KingdomOf 104 cities with data, 52 have annual PM2.5 of 6 to under 7 µg/m³.

Typical city (median): about 6.6 µg/m³

annual PM2.5, µg/m³ · measured cities in United Kingdom per band1 city: 4 µg/m³ to under 5 µg/m³14–522 cities: 5 µg/m³ to under 6 µg/m³225–652 cities: 6 µg/m³ to under 7 µg/m³526–727 cities: 7 µg/m³ to under 8 µg/m³277–82 cities: 8 µg/m³ to under 9 µg/m³28–9

Annual PM2.5 (µg/m³)

Recorded crime across cities in United KingdomOf 52 cities with data, 20 report 7500 to under 10000 incidents per 100,000 residents.

Typical city (median): about 9,693 incidents per 100,000 residents

recorded incidents per 100k residents · measured cities in United Kingdom per band2 cities: 0 incidents per 100,000 residents to under 2500 incidents per 100,000 residents20–25001 city: 2500 incidents per 100,000 residents to under 5000 incidents per 100,000 residents12500–50002.5k–5k8 cities: 5000 incidents per 100,000 residents to under 7500 incidents per 100,000 residents85000–75005k–7.5k20 cities: 7500 incidents per 100,000 residents to under 10000 incidents per 100,000 residents207500–100007.5k–10k16 cities: 10000 incidents per 100,000 residents to under 12500 incidents per 100,000 residents1610000–1250010k–12.5k4 cities: 12500 incidents per 100,000 residents to under 15000 incidents per 100,000 residents412500–1500012.5k–15k1 city: 15000 incidents per 100,000 residents to under 17500 incidents per 100,000 residents115000–1750015k–17.5k

Recorded incidents per 100,000 residents

Public employment service in United Kingdom

Official job-search, registration, counselling and training routes. Private recruitment agencies are not included.

Jobcentre Plus — Public employment service

Department for Work and Pensions

Job SearchUnemployment Claim

A national service does not prove that an office exists in every city. City pages show an office only after an exact address is linked to that city. Sources checked through 10 Aug 2026.

Taxes in United Kingdom

National rates and comparable published scenarios. Personal tax depends on income, household and residence circumstances.

Top income-tax rate45 %
Corporate tax rate25 %
Verified from the linked official or intergovernmental records. Open the primary source. Sources checked through 3 Aug 2026.

Benefits newcomers may qualify for in United Kingdom

Public schemes where an official source defines an eligible migration or residence status. Amounts and conditions are kept in their native terms.

ProgrammePublished amountSource and application

Asylum support under sections 95/98/4 — Arrival and reception support

9.95 GBP / Weekly

Home Office Asylum Support

Eligibility and amount details

Catered-accommodation asylum-support cash rate: GBP 9.95 per person per week.

GOV.UK states that an asylum seeker who would otherwise be destitute may receive accommodation and cash support while the asylum-support claim is handled; the page also covers people refused asylum who remain eligible for support.

Child Benefit — Family and child support

17.9 GBP / Weekly

HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)

Eligibility and amount details

£27.05 per week for the eldest or only child; £17.90 per week for each additional child.

GOV.UK states that Child Benefit eligibility for migrants is subject to the published right-to-reside and immigration-control rules, including the listed family-member cases for an EEA or Swiss national with a right to reside.

New Style Jobseeker’s Allowance — Unemployment support

75.65 GBP / Weekly

Department for Work and Pensions (DWP)

Eligibility and amount details

New Style Jobseeker's Allowance personal allowance: GBP 75.65 per week for claimants aged 16 to 24; GBP 95.55 per week for claimants aged 25 or over.

The official GOV.UK New Style Jobseeker’s Allowance eligibility section states: ‘worked as an employee’, ‘paid Class 1 National Insurance contributions, usually in the last 2 to 3 years’, and ‘be in Great Britain’. This is the bounded profile of a worker with the source-defined Class 1 National Insurance contribution record in Great Britain; the age, availability, hours-worked and claimant-commitment conditions also apply.

Universal Credit — Minimum-income support

338.58 GBP / Monthly

Department for Work and Pensions (DWP)

Eligibility and amount details

Universal Credit standard allowance per month: GBP 338.58 for a single claimant under 25; GBP 424.90 for a single claimant aged 25 or over; GBP 528.34 for joint claimants both under 25; GBP 666.97 for joint claimants where one or both are 25 or over. Child and disability additions are separate rows in the official table.

DWP's current ADM Chapter C1: Universal Credit — International Issues, paragraph C1280 ‘Persons with specific rights to reside’, lists among the people who do not have to demonstrate habitual residence for Universal Credit: ‘a refugee’ and ‘a person who has humanitarian protection granted under the immigration rules’. The same paragraph sits within the Universal Credit entitlement rules; the other claim conditions still apply.

Universal Credit housing costs element — Housing support

Amount set per household by formula / Monthly

Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) / local authority

Eligibility and amount details

The housing amount varies by Broad Rental Market Area and bedroom category; the official 2026 to 2027 LHA tables provide the applicable local monthly rates. No national single amount is claimed.

DWP ADM Chapter C1: Universal Credit — International Issues, paragraph C1280 under ‘Persons with specific rights to reside’, lists ‘a refugee’ and ‘a person who has humanitarian protection granted under the immigration rules’ among people who do not have to demonstrate habitual residence for Universal Credit. The GOV.UK housing-costs page states that an eligible Universal Credit claimant can get an extra amount towards housing costs. These are the two bounded public profiles for the Universal Credit housing costs element, subject to the remaining Universal Credit, tenancy, rent and accommodation conditions.

ImmigrationDB shows published rules; it does not decide personal eligibility. Confirm your status, contribution record and household circumstances with the responsible authority before applying. Sources checked through 12 Aug 2026.

Can migrants receive medical care in United Kingdom?

Yes — migrants can receive medical care in United Kingdom under the published coverage rules.

Verified 2026-08-03. Open the official coverage rules.

Language courses and integration in United Kingdom

Government programmes, public integration services and exact provider records. The section expands only from fields present in the source; missing prices, refunds or contacts are not replaced with estimates.

1listed providers

Private and nonprofit providers

These records come from the provider's own website. They are useful leads, but are not counted as government-verified or complete.

Provider-supplied record · supplemental The London School of English — Holland Park

15 Holland Park Gardens, Kensington, London W14 8DZ

+44 (0)20 7605 4123

Open provider website
Country programmes describe the national or named local framework. Availability in a city is shown only when a source names that place exactly. Sources checked through 2026-08-10. 2 supplemental records are kept outside these verified totals.

United Kingdom cities by population

The largest published cities appear first. Population is taken from the reusable official city layer; hub labels come from the existing city taxonomy.

Open city finder
CityPopulationNet rent, €/m²/monthMedian gross salary, €/month
Birmingham1,121,375PopulationNet rent, €/m²/mo3,246Median gross salary, €/mo
Glasgow640,350PopulationNet rent, €/m²/mo4,028Median gross salary, €/mo
Leeds536,280PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Liverpool506,565PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Sheffield500,535PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
EdinburghPopulationNet rent, €/m²/mo3,730Median gross salary, €/mo
Manchester470,405PopulationNet rent, €/m²/mo3,555Median gross salary, €/mo
Bristol425,215PopulationNet rent, €/m²/mo3,565Median gross salary, €/mo
Croydon407,821PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Leicester406,580PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Coventry344,285PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Bradford333,950PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Nottingham299,790PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Newcastle upon Tyne286,445PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Derby275,575PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Kingston upon Hull270,810PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Harrow269,993PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Plymouth266,955PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Stoke-on-Trent260,560PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
Bexley255,950PopulationNet rent, €/m²/moMedian gross salary, €/mo
All published cities in United Kingdom

Reports with this country

Accepted report pages with a row for this country.

All reports
Population69,281,000 people31 Dec 2024Official source · World Bank
Median gross salary, monthly3,250 EUR/month30 Apr 2025Official source · Office for National Statistics — ASHE Table 7.1a, 2025 provisional
National unemployment rate4.75 %31 Dec 2025Official source · Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate), 2025
Public healthcare access for foreign residentsYes3 Aug 2026Official source · www.gov.uk
Area243,610 km²31 Dec 2023Official source · World Bank
Gross-to-net pay for a sample householdsingle person no children — 55,983 gross → 43,027 net a year (2025, national currency)31 Dec 2025Official source · Taxing Wages 2026 — labour taxation decomposition
64 country facts · 2,035 cities · Last checked 2026-09-11

United Kingdom facts

Current source-backed observations, grouped the way the city pages are, with geographic scope and observation periods.

Population and profile

How many people live in United Kingdom?

The published population was 69,281,000 people in 2024. Source: World Bank39

National, resident population scope. Foreign-resident and migration-background figures are separate metrics in the table below.

MetricValuePeriodSource
Population69,281,000 people31 Dec 2024World Bank39Official · national figure

Legal, tax and other context

MetricValuePeriodSource
Public healthcare access for foreign residentsYes3 Aug 2026www.gov.uk45Official · national figure
Area243,610 km²31 Dec 2023World Bank40Official · national figure
Gross-to-net pay for a sample householdsingle person no children — 55,983 gross → 43,027 net a year (2025, national currency)31 Dec 2025Taxing Wages 2026 — labour taxation decomposition34Official · country household scenario
Population by year66,978,000 people (2021)1 Jul 2021Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL)32Official · country annual series
Religious affiliation of residentsOther religion [Note 15] — 1.79 % (2021)21 Mar 2021Census-based statistics UK: 2021 — UK07 Religion by sex by age2Official · country religion category
Salary by professionArmed forces occupations — 5,810 EUR/month (2025)31 Dec 2025ILOSTAT — Average monthly earnings of employees by sex, occupation and currency (annual)16Official · country occupation
Doctors per 1,000 residents3.3 per 1,000Not statedPhysicians (per 1,000 people), World Development Indicators31Official · national figure
Household electricity price0.22 EUR/kWh31 Dec 2020Eurostat6Official · national figure
Employer social contribution rate15 %3 Aug 2026HM Revenue & Customs (GOV.UK)12Official · national figure
People employed in agriculture, forestry and fishing276,100 people2019ec.europa.eu4Official · national figure
People employed in mining and quarrying104,500 people2023sdmx.oecd.org33Official · national figure
People employed in manufacturing2,887,900 people2019ec.europa.eu4Official · national figure
People employed in electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning175,750 people2023sdmx.oecd.org33Official · national figure
People employed in water supply, sewerage and waste management242,750 people2023sdmx.oecd.org33Official · national figure
People employed in construction2,257,100 people2019ec.europa.eu4Official · national figure
People employed in wholesale and retail trade; motor vehicle and motorcycle repair3,599,000 people2023sdmx.oecd.org33Official · national figure
People employed in transportation and storage1,619,500 people2023sdmx.oecd.org33Official · national figure
People employed in accommodation and food services1,699,000 people2023sdmx.oecd.org33Official · national figure
People employed in information and communication1,687,000 people2023sdmx.oecd.org33Official · national figure
People employed in finance and insurance1,475,000 people2023sdmx.oecd.org33Official · national figure
People employed in real estate410,250 people2023sdmx.oecd.org33Official · national figure
People employed in professional, scientific and technical services2,988,750 people2023sdmx.oecd.org33Official · national figure
People employed in administrative and support services1,446,250 people2023sdmx.oecd.org33Official · national figure
People employed in public administration, defence and compulsory social security2,690,250 people2023sdmx.oecd.org33Official · national figure

Common questions

Answered from the published values on this page, each with its source and date.

What is the unemployment rate in United Kingdom?

The national unemployment rate was about 4.7 % in 2025. Source: Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate), 2025.

How many people live in United Kingdom?

The published population was 69,281,000 people in 2024. Source: World Bank.

What is the median gross salary in United Kingdom?

The median gross salary was about 3,250 EUR/month in 2025. Source: Office for National Statistics — ASHE Table 7.1a, 2025 provisional.

What is the minimum wage in United Kingdom?

The statutory minimum wage is 17.87 EUR/hour, gross (as of 2026-04). Source: UK Government.

Cite this page

Open a format to select or copy this ImmigrationDB compilation citation. The native disclosure and text fallback work without JavaScript.

APA citation
ImmigrationDB. (2026, September 12). Moving to United Kingdom: salary, jobs [ImmigrationDB compilation; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0]. ImmigrationDB. https://immigrationdb.com/countries/united-kingdom/ Retrieved 2026-09-12. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
BibTeX citation
@misc{immigrationdb_immigrationdb_moving-to-united-kingdom-salary-jobs_c407916bb326,
  author = {ImmigrationDB},
  title = {Moving to United Kingdom: salary, jobs},
  publisher = {ImmigrationDB},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-09-12},
  version = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  snapshot = {approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0},
  url = {https://immigrationdb.com/countries/united-kingdom/},
  note = {Retrieved 2026-09-12. ImmigrationDB compilation. Compilation license: CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/},
}
Markdown citation
[Moving to United Kingdom: salary, jobs](https://immigrationdb.com/countries/united-kingdom/) — ImmigrationDB; ImmigrationDB; snapshot approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; version approved-static-d7ed373c115d60d0; retrieved 2026-09-12; built 2026-09-12.

This citation identifies the ImmigrationDB compilation/page. Underlying source publishers and datasets retain their own terms; inspect the Sources section and cite those records separately. View the underlying source records.

Sources

Every number above comes from one of these records. Open the original source for its geographic scope and publication date.

  1. Average annual wages stats.oecd.org · checked 2026-07-26
  2. Census-based statistics UK: 2021 — UK07 Religion by sex by age Census-based statistics UK: 2021 · ons.gov.uk · checked 2026-07-30
  3. Drinking Water Inspectorate (DWI), England and Wales dwi.gov.uk · checked 2026-08-03
  4. ec.europa.eu ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-12
  5. ec.europa.eu ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-12
  6. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-03
  7. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-03
  8. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-07
  9. Eurostat ec.europa.eu · checked 2026-08-03
  10. GDP per capita (current US$), World Development Indicators api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-07-14
Show 36 more sources
  1. Globalization and World Cities (GaWC), Loughborough University gawc.lboro.ac.uk · checked 2026-08-03
  2. HM Revenue & Customs (GOV.UK) gov.uk · checked 2026-08-03
  3. HM Revenue & Customs (GOV.UK) gov.uk · checked 2026-08-03
  4. https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GB/indicator/SH.MED.BEDS.ZS?format=json&per_page=100 api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-08-13
  5. https://api.worldbank.org/v2/country/GB/indicator/SH.MED.PHYS.ZS?format=json&per_page=100 api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-08-13
  6. ILOSTAT — Average monthly earnings of employees by sex, occupation and currency (annual) ILOSTAT · rplumber.ilo.org · checked 2026-07-30
  7. Life expectancy at birth, total (years), World Development Indicators api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-07-14
  8. MIPEX mirovni-institut.si · checked 2026-08-03
  9. OECD Centre for Tax Policy and Administration sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-08-03
  10. OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Innovation sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-08-07
  11. OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Innovation sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-08-07
  12. OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Innovation sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-08-07
  13. OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Innovation sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-08-07
  14. OECD Directorate for Science, Technology and Innovation sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-08-05
  15. OECD Income Distribution Database: median equivalised disposable household income sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-07-26
  16. Office for National Statistics — ASHE Table 7.1a, 2025 provisional Office for National Statistics · ons.gov.uk · checked 2026-07-29
  17. ONS Homicide in England and Wales, Appendix Table 1 (Homicide Index) ons.gov.uk · checked 2026-09-05
  18. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-08-05
  19. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-08-05
  20. Our World in Data (UNODC-backed grapher export) ourworldindata.org · checked 2026-08-03
  21. Physicians (per 1,000 people), World Development Indicators api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-07-14
  22. Population, total (SP.POP.TOTL) api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-07-29
  23. sdmx.oecd.org sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-08-12
  24. Taxing Wages 2026 — labour taxation decomposition Taxing Wages 2026 · sdmx.oecd.org · checked 2026-07-29
  25. UK Government gov.uk · checked 2026-08-27
  26. Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate), 2025 api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-09-11
  27. WHO GHO RS_196/RS_198 ghoapi.azureedge.net · checked 2026-09-05
  28. WHO GHO RS_196/RS_198 ghoapi.azureedge.net · checked 2026-09-05
  29. World Bank api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-08-02
  30. World Bank api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-08-02
  31. World Bank Open Data api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-08-07
  32. World Bank Open Data api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-08-07
  33. World Bank SP.POP.TOTL api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-09-05
  34. World Bank SP.POP.TOTL api.worldbank.org · checked 2026-09-05
  35. www.gov.uk gov.uk · checked 2026-08-03
  36. www.gov.uk gov.uk · checked 2026-08-03